Characteristics of optical coherence tomography in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Zhao Huiying ^1,2 , Guan Wenxue ¹ , Ma Ya ¹ , Wang Ge ¹ , Zhang Xu ¹ , Xiao Yuanyuan ¹ ,  Peng Xiaoyan ¹

1. Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China;
2. Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, China;

Corresponding author：

Peng Xiaoyan, Email: Drpengxy2017@163.com

Keywords：

Eye neoplasms; Lymphoma, large B-cell, diffuse; Tomography, optical coherence

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20200503-00194

Video：

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Objective To observe the image characteristics of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL).Methods A retrospective clinical study. Thirty-two eyes of 19 patients diagnosed with PVRL by vitreous pathology in the Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital from September 2016 to October 2019 were included in this study. There were 7 males and 12 females. The median age was 56 years. The mean time from symptom onset to final diagnosis was 6.1±3.8 months. The first diagnosis was uveitis in 12 cases (63.1%, 12/19), retinal vein occlusion in 2 cases (10.5%, 2/19), central retinal artery occlusion in 1 case (5.3%, 1/19), and suspected PVRL of camouflage syndrome in 4 cases (21.1%, 4/19). Routine ophthalmic examination and frequency-domain OCT examination were performed in all the patients, and typical images were stored for analysis. According to the examination results, PVRL OCT signs were divided into vitreous cells, inner retinal infiltration, outer retinal infiltration, retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) infiltration, sub-RPE infiltration, and subretinal fluid.Results Vitreous cells were found in all eyes (100.0%, 32/32). RPE infiltrated were observed in 19 eyes (59.4%, 19/32), RPE infiltration in 16 eyes (50.0%, 16/32), outer retinal infiltration in 8 eyes (25.0%, 8/32), inner retinal infiltration in 16 eyes (50.0%, 16/32), and subretinal fluid in 4 eyes (12.5%, 4/32).Conclusions PVRL OCT signs can involve vitreous and retinal anatomical levels, including vitreous cells, inner retinal infiltration, outer retinal infiltration, RPE infiltration, sub-RPE infiltration and subretinal fluid. The same patient can show multiple signs at the same time.

Citation： Zhao Huiying, Guan Wenxue, Ma Ya, Wang Ge, Zhang Xu, Xiao Yuanyuan, Peng Xiaoyan. Characteristics of optical coherence tomography in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2021, 37(2): 133-137. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20200503-00194 Copy

1.	Hormigo A, Abrey L, Heinemann MH, et al. Ocular presentation of primary central nervous system lymphoma: diagnosis and treatment[J]. Br J Haematol, 2004, 126(2): 202-208. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05028.x.
2.	Chan CC, Rubenstein JL, Coupland SE, et al. Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a report from an International Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Collaborative Group symposium[J]. Oncologist, 2011, 16(11): 1589-1599. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0210.
3.	Vasconcelos-Santos DV, De Puy E Souza GH, de Faria BB, et al. Subretinal pigment epithelial infiltrates in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J/OL]. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2011, 1(4): 171[2011-08-06]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/21822590. DOI: 10.1007/s12348-011-0034-x. .
4.	Forooghian F, Merkur AB, White VA, et al. High-definition optical coherence tomography features of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J/OL]. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging, 2011, 42: e97-99[2011-09-29]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429941/. DOI: 10.3928/15428877-20110922-02.
5.	Dolz-Marco R, Gallego-Pinazo R, Jung JJ, et al. Sequential multimodal imaging findings in a case of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2014, 8(4): 314-317. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000053.
6.	Saito T, Ohguro N, Iwahashi C, et al. Optical coherence tomography manifestations of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2016, 254(12): 2319-2326. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-016-3395-x.
7.	Levasseur SD, Wittenberg LA, White VA. Vitreoretinal lymphoma: a 20-year review of incidence, clinical and cytologic features, treatment, and outcomes[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2013, 131(1): 50-55. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.569.
8.	Sagoo MS, Mehta H, Swampillai AJ, et al. Primary intraocular lymphoma[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2014, 59(5): 503-516. DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.12.001.
9.	Fend F, Ferreri AJ, Coupland SE. How we diagnose and treat vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Br J Haematol, 2016, 173(5): 680-692. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14025.
10.	Mapelli C, Invernizzi A, Barteselli G, et al. Multimodal imaging of vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2016, 236(3): 166-174. DOI: 10.1159/000447412.
11.	Chan CC, Wallace DJ. Intraocular lymphoma: update on diagnosis and management[J]. Cancer Control, 2004, 11(5): 285-295. DOI: 10.1177/107327480401100502.
12.	Dalvin LA, Lim LS, Ancona-Lezama D, et al. Tumor control and visual acuity outcomes in vitreoretinal lymphoma with and without sub-retinal pigment epithelium infiltration: analysis of 125 eyes of 70 patients at a single ocular oncology center[J]. Ophthalmol Retina, 2019, 3(11): 998-1005. DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.05.021.
13.	Barry RJ, Tasiopoulou A, Murray PI, et al. Characteristic optical coherence tomography findings in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a novel aid to early diagnosis[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(10): 1362-1366. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311612.
14.	Fenton GL, Shields CL, Horgan N, et al. Partial regression of vitreoretinal lymphoma after fine needle aspiration biopsy[J]. Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2008, 2(2): 163-165. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0b013e3180338dfd.
15.	Liu TY, Ibrahim M, Bittencourt M, et al. Retinal optical coherence tomography manifestations of intraocular lymphoma[J]. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2012, 2(4): 215-218. DOI: 10.1007/s12348-012-0072-z.
16.	Jang HS, Sepah YJ, Sophie R, et al. Longitudinal spectral domain optical coherence tomography changes in eyes with intraocular lymphoma[J/OL]. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2013, 3(1): 59[2013-09-08]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/24011267. DOI: 10.1186/1869-5760-3-59..
17.	Deák GG, Goldstein DA, Zhou M, et al. Vertical hyperreflective lesions on optical coherence tomography in vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2019, 137(2): 194-198. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.5835.
18.	Marchese A, Agarwal A, Miserocchi E, et al. Features of retinitis-like lesions in vitreoretinal lymphoma[J/OL]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2019, 2019: E1[2019-09-30]. https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2019.1648835. DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1648835. [published online ahead of print].
19.	Sood AB, Yeh S, Mendoza P, et al. Histopathologic diagnosis of atypical primary vitreoretinal lymphoma following enucleation[J]. Ocul Oncol Pathol, 2016, 2(4): 242-245. DOI: 10.1159/000446605.

1. Hormigo A, Abrey L, Heinemann MH, et al. Ocular presentation of primary central nervous system lymphoma: diagnosis and treatment[J]. Br J Haematol, 2004, 126(2): 202-208. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05028.x.
2. Chan CC, Rubenstein JL, Coupland SE, et al. Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a report from an International Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Collaborative Group symposium[J]. Oncologist, 2011, 16(11): 1589-1599. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0210.
3. Vasconcelos-Santos DV, De Puy E Souza GH, de Faria BB, et al. Subretinal pigment epithelial infiltrates in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J/OL]. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2011, 1(4): 171[2011-08-06]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/21822590. DOI: 10.1007/s12348-011-0034-x. .
4. Forooghian F, Merkur AB, White VA, et al. High-definition optical coherence tomography features of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J/OL]. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging, 2011, 42: e97-99[2011-09-29]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3429941/. DOI: 10.3928/15428877-20110922-02.
5. Dolz-Marco R, Gallego-Pinazo R, Jung JJ, et al. Sequential multimodal imaging findings in a case of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2014, 8(4): 314-317. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000053.
6. Saito T, Ohguro N, Iwahashi C, et al. Optical coherence tomography manifestations of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2016, 254(12): 2319-2326. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-016-3395-x.
7. Levasseur SD, Wittenberg LA, White VA. Vitreoretinal lymphoma: a 20-year review of incidence, clinical and cytologic features, treatment, and outcomes[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2013, 131(1): 50-55. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.569.
8. Sagoo MS, Mehta H, Swampillai AJ, et al. Primary intraocular lymphoma[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 2014, 59(5): 503-516. DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.12.001.
9. Fend F, Ferreri AJ, Coupland SE. How we diagnose and treat vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Br J Haematol, 2016, 173(5): 680-692. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14025.
10. Mapelli C, Invernizzi A, Barteselli G, et al. Multimodal imaging of vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2016, 236(3): 166-174. DOI: 10.1159/000447412.
11. Chan CC, Wallace DJ. Intraocular lymphoma: update on diagnosis and management[J]. Cancer Control, 2004, 11(5): 285-295. DOI: 10.1177/107327480401100502.
12. Dalvin LA, Lim LS, Ancona-Lezama D, et al. Tumor control and visual acuity outcomes in vitreoretinal lymphoma with and without sub-retinal pigment epithelium infiltration: analysis of 125 eyes of 70 patients at a single ocular oncology center[J]. Ophthalmol Retina, 2019, 3(11): 998-1005. DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2019.05.021.
13. Barry RJ, Tasiopoulou A, Murray PI, et al. Characteristic optical coherence tomography findings in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a novel aid to early diagnosis[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(10): 1362-1366. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311612.
14. Fenton GL, Shields CL, Horgan N, et al. Partial regression of vitreoretinal lymphoma after fine needle aspiration biopsy[J]. Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2008, 2(2): 163-165. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0b013e3180338dfd.
15. Liu TY, Ibrahim M, Bittencourt M, et al. Retinal optical coherence tomography manifestations of intraocular lymphoma[J]. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2012, 2(4): 215-218. DOI: 10.1007/s12348-012-0072-z.
16. Jang HS, Sepah YJ, Sophie R, et al. Longitudinal spectral domain optical coherence tomography changes in eyes with intraocular lymphoma[J/OL]. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2013, 3(1): 59[2013-09-08]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/24011267. DOI: 10.1186/1869-5760-3-59..
17. Deák GG, Goldstein DA, Zhou M, et al. Vertical hyperreflective lesions on optical coherence tomography in vitreoretinal lymphoma[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2019, 137(2): 194-198. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.5835.
18. Marchese A, Agarwal A, Miserocchi E, et al. Features of retinitis-like lesions in vitreoretinal lymphoma[J/OL]. Ocul Immunol Inflamm, 2019, 2019: E1[2019-09-30]. https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2019.1648835. DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2019.1648835. [published online ahead of print].
19. Sood AB, Yeh S, Mendoza P, et al. Histopathologic diagnosis of atypical primary vitreoretinal lymphoma following enucleation[J]. Ocul Oncol Pathol, 2016, 2(4): 242-245. DOI: 10.1159/000446605.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Characteristics of optical coherence tomography in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma

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