Interpretation of international standards for diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis in 2022_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Song Honglu ,  Wei Shihui

Senior Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;

Corresponding author：

Wei Shihui, Email: weishihui706@hotmail.com

Keywords：

Optic Neuritis; Diagnostic criteria; Standard of classification; Interpretation

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20221107-00589

Video：

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On September 27, 2022, the first international standard of Diagnosis and Classification of Optic Neuritis was published online in Lancet Neurology, the top journal of neurology. The publication of this standard fills the gap in the international diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis (ON), promotes the consistency of the global diagnosis classification of ON, and helps ophthalmologists and neurologists to diagnose ON more accurately in the future. In recent decades, although Chinese ophthalmologists have made great progress in their understanding of ON and diagnosis and treatment level, it is still necessary to continue to strengthen the standardized training of Chinese neuro-ophthalmologist specialists, cooperate to establish a national ON clinical epidemiology database, carry out Chinese multi-center clinical studies, and further verify and optimize the international ON diagnostic system in future clinical practice. The ON diagnostic standards and treatment standards are gradually improved for China.

Citation： Song Honglu, Wei Shihui. Interpretation of international standards for diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis in 2022. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2022, 38(12): 963-967. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20221107-00589 Copy

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6.	Goldschmidt C, McGinley MP. Advances in the treatment of multiple sclerosis[J]. Neurol Clin, 2021, 39(1): 21-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2020.09.002.
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9.	Balcer LJ. Clinical practice. Optic neuritis[J]. N Engl J Med, 2006, 354(12): 1273-1280. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp053247.
10.	Petzold A, Wattjes M, Costello F, et al. The investigation of acute optic neuritis: a review and proposed protocol[J]. Nat Rev Neurol, 2014, 10(8): 447-458. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.108.
11.	Hickman SJ, Petzold A. Update on optic neuritis: an international view[J]. Neuroophthalmology, 2022, 46(1): 1-18. DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2021.1964541.
12.	Petzold A, Wong S, Plant GT. Autoimmunity in visual loss[J]. Handb Clin Neurol, 2016, 133: 353-376. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63432-0.00020-7.
13.	Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, et al. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders[J]. Neurology, 2015, 85(2): 177-189. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001729.
14.	Marignier R, Hacohen Y, Cobo-Calvo A, et al. Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease[J]. Lancet Neuro, 2021, 20(9): 762-772. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00218-0.
15.	Dubey D, Lennon V, Gadoth A, et al. Autoimmune CRMP5 neuropathy phenotype and outcome defined from 105 cases[J/OL]. Neurology, 2018, 90(2): e103-e110[2018-01-09]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29222126/. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004803.
16.	Thompson A, Banwell B, Barkhof F, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the mcdonald criteria[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2018, 17(2): 162-173. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30470-2.
17.	Bennett JL, Costello F, Chen JJ, et al. Optic neuritis and autoimmune optic neuropathies: advances in diagnosis and treatment[J/OL]. Lancet Neurol, 2022, 2022: E1(2022-11-17)[2022-09-22]. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1474-4422(22)00187-9. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00187-9. [published online ahead of print].
18.	Osinga E, van Oosten B, de Vries-Knoppert W, et al. Time is vision in recurrent optic neuritis[J]. Brain Res, 2017, 1673: 95-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.08.012.
19.	Stiebel-Kalish H, Hellmann M, Mimouni M, et al. Does time equal vision in the acute treatment of a cohort of aqp4 and mog optic neuritis?[J/OL]. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2019, 6(4): e572[2019-05-21]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31355308/. DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000572.
20.	Petzold A, Plant G. Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy: a systematic review of 122 cases reported[J]. J Neurol, 2014, 261(1): 17-26. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-6957-4.
21.	Wattjes MP, Ciccarelli O, Reich DS, et al. 2021 MAGNIMS-CMSC-NAIMS consensus recommendations on the use of mri in patients with multiple sclerosis[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2021, 20(8): 653-670. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00095-8.
22.	Miller DH, Newton MR, van der Poel JC, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the optic nerve in optic neuritis[J]. Neurology, 1988, 38(2): 175-179. DOI: 10.1212/wnl.38.2.175.
23.	Davion JB, Lopes R, Drumez É, et al. Asymptomatic optic nerve lesions: an underestimated cause of silent retinal atrophy in ms[J/OL]. Neurology, 2020, 94(23): e2468-e2478[2020-06-09]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32434868/. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009504.
24.	Petzold A, Balcer LJ, Calabresi PA, et al. Retinal layer segmentation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2017, 16(10): 797-812. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30278-8.
25.	Soelberg K, Specovius S, Zimmermann H, et al. Optical coherence tomography in acute optic neuritis: a population-based study[J]. Acta Neurol Scand, 2018, 138(6): 566-573. DOI: 10.1111/ane.13004.
26.	Nolan-Kenney R, Liu M, Akhand O, et al. Optimal intereye difference thresholds by optical coherence tomography in multiple sclerosis: an international study[J]. Ann Neurol, 2019, 85(5): 618-629. DOI: 10.1002/ana.25462.
27.	Vidal-Jordana A, Rovira A, Arrambide G, et al. Optic nerve topography in multiple sclerosis diagnosis: the utility of visual evoked potentials[J/OL]. Neurology, 2021, 96(4): e482-e490[2021-01-26]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33328323/. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011339.

1. 中华医学会眼科学分会神经眼科学组. 视神经炎诊断和治疗专家共识(2014年)[J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2014, 50(6): 459-463. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2014.06.013.Neuroophthalmology Group, Ophthalmology Society of Chinese Medical Association. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of optic neuritis (2014)[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol, 2014, 50(6): 459-463. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2014.06.013.
2. 中华医学会眼科学分会神经眼科学组, 兰州大学循证医学中心/世界卫生组织指南实施与知识转化合作中心. 中国脱髓鞘性视神经炎诊断和治疗循证指南(2021年)[J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2021, 57(3): 171-186. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20201124-00769.Ophthalmology Group, Chinese Society of Ophthalmology, Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Lanzhou University/WHO Collaborating Center for Guidelines Implementation and Knowledge Transformation. Chinese evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of demyelinating optic neuritis (2021)[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57(3): 171-186. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20201124-00769.
3. Petzold A, Fraser CL, Abegg M, et al. Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2022, 21(12): 1120-1134. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9.
4. The clinical profile of optic neuritis. Experience of the optic neuritis treatment trial. Optic Neuritis Study Group[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 1991, 109(12): 1673-1678. DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1991.01080120057025.
5. Stunkel L, Kung NH, Van Stavern GP. Incidence and causes of overdiagnosis of optic neuritis: physician insecurity-reply[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2018, 136(11): 1312-1313. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.3485.
6. Goldschmidt C, McGinley MP. Advances in the treatment of multiple sclerosis[J]. Neurol Clin, 2021, 39(1): 21-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2020.09.002.
7. Mora Cuervo DL, Hansel G, Sato DK. Immunobiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders[J/OL]. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 2022, 76: 102618[2022-08-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35973380/. DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102618.
8. Toosy AT, Mason DF, Miller DH. Optic neuritis[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2014, 13(1): 83-99. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70259-X.
9. Balcer LJ. Clinical practice. Optic neuritis[J]. N Engl J Med, 2006, 354(12): 1273-1280. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp053247.
10. Petzold A, Wattjes M, Costello F, et al. The investigation of acute optic neuritis: a review and proposed protocol[J]. Nat Rev Neurol, 2014, 10(8): 447-458. DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.108.
11. Hickman SJ, Petzold A. Update on optic neuritis: an international view[J]. Neuroophthalmology, 2022, 46(1): 1-18. DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2021.1964541.
12. Petzold A, Wong S, Plant GT. Autoimmunity in visual loss[J]. Handb Clin Neurol, 2016, 133: 353-376. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63432-0.00020-7.
13. Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, et al. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders[J]. Neurology, 2015, 85(2): 177-189. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001729.
14. Marignier R, Hacohen Y, Cobo-Calvo A, et al. Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease[J]. Lancet Neuro, 2021, 20(9): 762-772. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00218-0.
15. Dubey D, Lennon V, Gadoth A, et al. Autoimmune CRMP5 neuropathy phenotype and outcome defined from 105 cases[J/OL]. Neurology, 2018, 90(2): e103-e110[2018-01-09]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29222126/. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004803.
16. Thompson A, Banwell B, Barkhof F, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the mcdonald criteria[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2018, 17(2): 162-173. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30470-2.
17. Bennett JL, Costello F, Chen JJ, et al. Optic neuritis and autoimmune optic neuropathies: advances in diagnosis and treatment[J/OL]. Lancet Neurol, 2022, 2022: E1(2022-11-17)[2022-09-22]. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1474-4422(22)00187-9. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00187-9. [published online ahead of print].
18. Osinga E, van Oosten B, de Vries-Knoppert W, et al. Time is vision in recurrent optic neuritis[J]. Brain Res, 2017, 1673: 95-101. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.08.012.
19. Stiebel-Kalish H, Hellmann M, Mimouni M, et al. Does time equal vision in the acute treatment of a cohort of aqp4 and mog optic neuritis?[J/OL]. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2019, 6(4): e572[2019-05-21]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31355308/. DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000572.
20. Petzold A, Plant G. Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy: a systematic review of 122 cases reported[J]. J Neurol, 2014, 261(1): 17-26. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-6957-4.
21. Wattjes MP, Ciccarelli O, Reich DS, et al. 2021 MAGNIMS-CMSC-NAIMS consensus recommendations on the use of mri in patients with multiple sclerosis[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2021, 20(8): 653-670. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00095-8.
22. Miller DH, Newton MR, van der Poel JC, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the optic nerve in optic neuritis[J]. Neurology, 1988, 38(2): 175-179. DOI: 10.1212/wnl.38.2.175.
23. Davion JB, Lopes R, Drumez É, et al. Asymptomatic optic nerve lesions: an underestimated cause of silent retinal atrophy in ms[J/OL]. Neurology, 2020, 94(23): e2468-e2478[2020-06-09]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32434868/. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000009504.
24. Petzold A, Balcer LJ, Calabresi PA, et al. Retinal layer segmentation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2017, 16(10): 797-812. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30278-8.
25. Soelberg K, Specovius S, Zimmermann H, et al. Optical coherence tomography in acute optic neuritis: a population-based study[J]. Acta Neurol Scand, 2018, 138(6): 566-573. DOI: 10.1111/ane.13004.
26. Nolan-Kenney R, Liu M, Akhand O, et al. Optimal intereye difference thresholds by optical coherence tomography in multiple sclerosis: an international study[J]. Ann Neurol, 2019, 85(5): 618-629. DOI: 10.1002/ana.25462.
27. Vidal-Jordana A, Rovira A, Arrambide G, et al. Optic nerve topography in multiple sclerosis diagnosis: the utility of visual evoked potentials[J/OL]. Neurology, 2021, 96(4): e482-e490[2021-01-26]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33328323/. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011339.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Interpretation of international standards for diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis in 2022

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