感染和炎症与早产儿视网膜病变_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

李蓉 ,  王雨生

710032 西安, 第四军医大学西京医院眼科全军眼科研究所;

Corresponding author：

王雨生, Email: wangys003@126.com

Keywords：

早产儿视网膜病/病因学; 感染; 炎症; 综述

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2014.01.031

Video：

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早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的发生发展受到多种细胞因子、细胞外基质成分以及生长因子网络等的紧密调控。除了低出生体重、小胎龄和分娩后补充用氧以及维生素E水平不足、吲哚美辛治疗动脉导管未闭、高碳酸血症、输血及血液制品、孕母服用阿司匹林等因素与其发生发展具有较大的相关性之外,近年研究发现,产前宫内感染和胎儿炎症反应是早产以及新生儿肺和大脑功能障碍的重要致病因素;胎儿暴露于感染以及胎盘和(或)新生儿体液中高浓度的炎症相关蛋白可增加发生早产、早产儿支气管肺发育不良以及早产儿颅脑损伤和伴随残疾的风险;感染和炎症对ROP以及其他视觉功能障碍均可能存在不良影响。

Citation： 李蓉, 王雨生. 感染和炎症与早产儿视网膜病变. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2014, 30(1): 106-108. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2014.01.031 Copy

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2.	Chen J, Smith LE. Retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Angiogenesis,2007,10:133-140.
3.	Mataftsi A, Dimitrakos SA, Adams GG. Mediators involved in retinopathy of prematurity and emerging therapeutic targets[J]. Early Hum Dev,2011,87:683-690.
4.	Wheatley CM, Dickinson JL, Mackey DA, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity:recent advances in our understanding[J]. Br J Ophthalmol,2002,86:696-700.
5.	Mccolm JR, Fleck BW. Retinopathy of prematurity:causation[J]. Semin Neonatol,2001,6:453-460.
6.	Flynn JT, Bancalari E, Snyder ES, et al. A cohort study of transcutaneous oxygen tension and the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity[J]. N Engl J Med,1992,326:1050-1054.
7.	Stout AU, Stout JT. Retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Pediatr Clin North Am,2003,50:77-87.
8.	Mechoulam H, Pierce EA. Retinopathy of prematurity:molecular pathology and therapeutic strategies[J]. Am J Pharmacogenomics,2003,3:261-277.
9.	Romero R, Espinoza J, Gonçalves LF, et al. The role of inflammation and infection in preterm birth[J]. Semin Reprod Med,2007,25:21-39.
10.	Bose CL, Dammann CE, Laughon MM. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and inflammatory biomarkers in the premature neonate[J]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed,2008,93:455-461.
11.	Dammann O, O'Shea TM. Cytokines and perinatal brain damage[J]. Clin Perinatol,2008,35:643-663.
12.	Dammann O, Leviton A. Inflammation, brain damage and visual dysfunction in preterm infants[J]. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med,2006,11:363-368.
13.	Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, et al. Changes in pathogens causing early-onset sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants[J]. N Engl J Med,2002,347:240-247.
14.	Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, et al. Late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight neonates:the experience of the NICHD Neonatal Research Network[J]. Pediatrics,2002,110:285-291.
15.	Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Adams-Chapman I, et al. Neurodevelopmental and growth impairment among extremely low-birth-weight infants with neonatal infection[J]. JAMA,2004,292:2357-2365.
16.	Mittal M, Dhanireddy R, Higgins RD. Candida sepsis and association with retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Pediatrics,1998,101:654-657.
17.	Bharwani SK, Dhanireddy R. Systemic fungal infection is associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants:a meta-review[J]. J Perinatol,2008,28:61-66.
18.	Liu PM, Fang PC, Huang CB, et al. Risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants weighing less than 1600 g[J]. Am J Perinatol,2005,22:115-120.
19.	Klinger G, Levy I, Sirota L, et al. Outcome of early-onset sepsis in a national cohort of very low birth weight infants[J/OL]. Pediatrics,2010,125:E736-740[2013-12-28]. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/125/4/e736.full.pdf+html.
20.	Tolsma KW, Allred EN, Chen ML, et al. Neonatal bacteremia and retinopathy of prematurity:the ELGAN study[J]. Arch Ophthalmol,2011,129:1555-1563.
21.	Manzoni P, Rinaldi M, Cattani S, et al. Bovine lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of late-onset sepsis in very low-birth-weight neonates:a randomized trial[J]. JAMA,2009,302:1421-1428.
22.	Gardiner TA, Gibson DS, de Gooyer TE, et al. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha improves physiological angiogenesis and reduces pathological neovascularization in ischemic retinopathy[J]. Am J Pathol,2005,166:637-644.
23.	Connor KM, SanGiovanni JP, Lofqvist C, et al. Increased dietary intake of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis[J]. Nat Med,2007,13:868-873.
24.	Nakao S, Arima M, Ishikawa K, et al. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy blocks inflammatory cell infiltration and re-entry into the circulation in retinal angiogenesis[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2012,53:4323-4328.
25.	Polam S, Koons A, Anwar M, et al. Effect of chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants[J]. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,2005,159:1032-1035.
26.	Moscuzza F, Belcari F, Nardini V, et al. Correlation between placental histopathology and fetal/neonatal outcome:chorioamnionitis and funisitis are associated to intraventricular haemorrage and retinopathy of prematurity in preterm newborns[J]. Gynecol Endocrinol,2011,27:319-323.
27.	Woo SJ, Park KH, Jung HJ, et al. Effects of maternal and placental inflammation on retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol,2012,250:915-923.
28.	Sood BG, Madan A, Saha S, et al. Perinatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome and retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Pediatr Res,2010,67:394-400.
29.	Silveira RC, Fortes Filho JB, Procianoy RS. Assessment of the contribution of cytokine plasma levels to detect retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2011,52:1297-1301.
30.	Lee J, Dammann O. Perinatal infection, inflammation, and retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med,2012,17:26-29.
31.	Kataoka K, Nishiguchi KM, Kaneko H, et al. The roles of vitreal macrophages and circulating leukocytes in retinal neovascularization[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2011,52:1431-1438.
32.	Davies MH, Eubanks JP, Powers MR. Microglia and macrophages are increased in response to ischemia-induced retinopathy in the mouse retina[J]. Mol Vis,2006,12:467-477.
33.	Dagtekin G, Schiffer R, Klein B, et al. Modulation of angiogenic functions in human macrophages by biomaterials[J]. Biomaterials,2003,24:3395-3401.
34.	Ni M, Holland M, Jarstadmarken H, et al. Time-course of experimental choroidal neovascularization in Dutch-Belted rabbit:clinical and histological evaluation[J]. Exp Eye Res,2005,81:286-297.
35.	Ashley DJ. The two "hit" and multiple "hit" theories of carcinogenesis[J]. Br J Cancer,1969,23:313-328.
36.	Dammann O, Brinkhaus MJ, Bartels DB, et al. Immaturity, perinatal inflammation, and retinopathy of prematurity:a multi-hit hypothesis[J]. Early Hum Dev,2009,85:325-329.
37.	Chen M, Citil A, McCabe F, et al. Infection, oxygen, and immaturity:interacting risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Neonatology,2011,99:125-132.
38.	Hellstr m A, Ley D, Hansen-Pupp I, et al. New insights into the development of retinopathy of prematurity--importance of early weight gain[J]. Acta Paediatr,2010,99:502-508.
39.	Mestan K, Yu Y, Matoba N, et al. Placental inflammatory response is associated with poor neonatal growth:preterm birth cohort study[J/OL]. Pediatrics,2010,125:E891-898[2013-12-28].http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/125/4/E891.full.pdf+html.

1. McGregor ML, Bremer DL, Cole C, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity outcome in infants with prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity and oxygen saturation >94% in room air:the high oxygen percentage in retinopathy of prematurity study[J]. Pediatrics,2002,110:540-544.
2. Chen J, Smith LE. Retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Angiogenesis,2007,10:133-140.
3. Mataftsi A, Dimitrakos SA, Adams GG. Mediators involved in retinopathy of prematurity and emerging therapeutic targets[J]. Early Hum Dev,2011,87:683-690.
4. Wheatley CM, Dickinson JL, Mackey DA, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity:recent advances in our understanding[J]. Br J Ophthalmol,2002,86:696-700.
5. Mccolm JR, Fleck BW. Retinopathy of prematurity:causation[J]. Semin Neonatol,2001,6:453-460.
6. Flynn JT, Bancalari E, Snyder ES, et al. A cohort study of transcutaneous oxygen tension and the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity[J]. N Engl J Med,1992,326:1050-1054.
7. Stout AU, Stout JT. Retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Pediatr Clin North Am,2003,50:77-87.
8. Mechoulam H, Pierce EA. Retinopathy of prematurity:molecular pathology and therapeutic strategies[J]. Am J Pharmacogenomics,2003,3:261-277.
9. Romero R, Espinoza J, Gonçalves LF, et al. The role of inflammation and infection in preterm birth[J]. Semin Reprod Med,2007,25:21-39.
10. Bose CL, Dammann CE, Laughon MM. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and inflammatory biomarkers in the premature neonate[J]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed,2008,93:455-461.
11. Dammann O, O'Shea TM. Cytokines and perinatal brain damage[J]. Clin Perinatol,2008,35:643-663.
12. Dammann O, Leviton A. Inflammation, brain damage and visual dysfunction in preterm infants[J]. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med,2006,11:363-368.
13. Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, et al. Changes in pathogens causing early-onset sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants[J]. N Engl J Med,2002,347:240-247.
14. Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, et al. Late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight neonates:the experience of the NICHD Neonatal Research Network[J]. Pediatrics,2002,110:285-291.
15. Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Adams-Chapman I, et al. Neurodevelopmental and growth impairment among extremely low-birth-weight infants with neonatal infection[J]. JAMA,2004,292:2357-2365.
16. Mittal M, Dhanireddy R, Higgins RD. Candida sepsis and association with retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Pediatrics,1998,101:654-657.
17. Bharwani SK, Dhanireddy R. Systemic fungal infection is associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants:a meta-review[J]. J Perinatol,2008,28:61-66.
18. Liu PM, Fang PC, Huang CB, et al. Risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants weighing less than 1600 g[J]. Am J Perinatol,2005,22:115-120.
19. Klinger G, Levy I, Sirota L, et al. Outcome of early-onset sepsis in a national cohort of very low birth weight infants[J/OL]. Pediatrics,2010,125:E736-740[2013-12-28]. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/125/4/e736.full.pdf+html.
20. Tolsma KW, Allred EN, Chen ML, et al. Neonatal bacteremia and retinopathy of prematurity:the ELGAN study[J]. Arch Ophthalmol,2011,129:1555-1563.
21. Manzoni P, Rinaldi M, Cattani S, et al. Bovine lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of late-onset sepsis in very low-birth-weight neonates:a randomized trial[J]. JAMA,2009,302:1421-1428.
22. Gardiner TA, Gibson DS, de Gooyer TE, et al. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha improves physiological angiogenesis and reduces pathological neovascularization in ischemic retinopathy[J]. Am J Pathol,2005,166:637-644.
23. Connor KM, SanGiovanni JP, Lofqvist C, et al. Increased dietary intake of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis[J]. Nat Med,2007,13:868-873.
24. Nakao S, Arima M, Ishikawa K, et al. Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy blocks inflammatory cell infiltration and re-entry into the circulation in retinal angiogenesis[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2012,53:4323-4328.
25. Polam S, Koons A, Anwar M, et al. Effect of chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants[J]. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,2005,159:1032-1035.
26. Moscuzza F, Belcari F, Nardini V, et al. Correlation between placental histopathology and fetal/neonatal outcome:chorioamnionitis and funisitis are associated to intraventricular haemorrage and retinopathy of prematurity in preterm newborns[J]. Gynecol Endocrinol,2011,27:319-323.
27. Woo SJ, Park KH, Jung HJ, et al. Effects of maternal and placental inflammation on retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol,2012,250:915-923.
28. Sood BG, Madan A, Saha S, et al. Perinatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome and retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Pediatr Res,2010,67:394-400.
29. Silveira RC, Fortes Filho JB, Procianoy RS. Assessment of the contribution of cytokine plasma levels to detect retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2011,52:1297-1301.
30. Lee J, Dammann O. Perinatal infection, inflammation, and retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med,2012,17:26-29.
31. Kataoka K, Nishiguchi KM, Kaneko H, et al. The roles of vitreal macrophages and circulating leukocytes in retinal neovascularization[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2011,52:1431-1438.
32. Davies MH, Eubanks JP, Powers MR. Microglia and macrophages are increased in response to ischemia-induced retinopathy in the mouse retina[J]. Mol Vis,2006,12:467-477.
33. Dagtekin G, Schiffer R, Klein B, et al. Modulation of angiogenic functions in human macrophages by biomaterials[J]. Biomaterials,2003,24:3395-3401.
34. Ni M, Holland M, Jarstadmarken H, et al. Time-course of experimental choroidal neovascularization in Dutch-Belted rabbit:clinical and histological evaluation[J]. Exp Eye Res,2005,81:286-297.
35. Ashley DJ. The two "hit" and multiple "hit" theories of carcinogenesis[J]. Br J Cancer,1969,23:313-328.
36. Dammann O, Brinkhaus MJ, Bartels DB, et al. Immaturity, perinatal inflammation, and retinopathy of prematurity:a multi-hit hypothesis[J]. Early Hum Dev,2009,85:325-329.
37. Chen M, Citil A, McCabe F, et al. Infection, oxygen, and immaturity:interacting risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity[J]. Neonatology,2011,99:125-132.
38. Hellstr m A, Ley D, Hansen-Pupp I, et al. New insights into the development of retinopathy of prematurity--importance of early weight gain[J]. Acta Paediatr,2010,99:502-508.
39. Mestan K, Yu Y, Matoba N, et al. Placental inflammatory response is associated with poor neonatal growth:preterm birth cohort study[J/OL]. Pediatrics,2010,125:E891-898[2013-12-28].http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/125/4/E891.full.pdf+html.

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感染和炎症与早产儿视网膜病变

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