The commentaries of plasma exchange therapy for neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Tan Shaoying ,  Wei Shihui , Xu Quangang , Zhuang Yuan

Department of Ophthalmology (Tan Shaoying, Wei Shihui, Xu Quangang), Department of Hematology (Zhuang Yuan), The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;

Corresponding author：

Wei Shihui, Email: weishihui706@hotmail.com

Keywords：

Neuromyelitis optica/therapy; Optic neuritis/therapy; Plasma Exchange; Editorial

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2017.05.002

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Plasma exchange (PE) is a therapeutic blood component replacement method. The blood of patients is first separated into plasma and blood cell components using a blood cell separator in vitro, the plasma containing harmful pathogenic substances is then discarded and replaced with the same volume of exchange solution. Finally the separated blood cells together with the exchange solution are returned back to the blood circulation of patients. By reducing the circulating antibodies, abnormal plasma proteins or cytokines and other pathogenic molecules, PE can block the disease process. PE has a good therapeutic effect on neuromyelitis optica-related optic neuritis (NMO-ON), which shows resistant to glucocorticoid therapy for the first onset. The American Society for Apheresis guideline evaluates PE for acute optic neuritis as a recommended grade 1B, type II indication. In the implementation of PE treatment for NMO-ON and other diseases, indications and contraindications should be strictly adhered to the guideline, treatment procedures and protocols should be optimized, common adverse events and its prevention and management should be known and alerted. It is important to conduct multi-center clinical cooperation and a high standard clinical randomized controlled study, to find out the optimal time window, the best protocol, and the associated factors for the efficacy and prognosis of PE in NMO-ON.

Citation： Tan Shaoying, Wei Shihui, Xu Quangang, Zhuang Yuan. The commentaries of plasma exchange therapy for neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2017, 33(5): 445-448. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2017.05.002 Copy

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3.	Optic Neuritis Study Group. The clinical profile of optic neuritis: experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 1991, 109(12): 1673-1678.
4.	Sepúlveda M, Armangué T, Sola-Valls N, et al. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: comparison according to the phenotype and serostatus[J/OL]. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2016, 3(3): 225[2016-04-14]. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/27144216. DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000225.
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9.	Hinson SR, McKeon A, Fryer JP, et al. Prediction of neuromyelitis optica attack severity by quantitation of complement-mediated injury to aquaporin-4-expressing cells[J]. Arch Neurol, 2009, 66(9): 1164-1167. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2009.188.
10.	Merle H, Olindo S, Jeannin S, et al. Treatment of optic neuritis by plasma exchange (add-on) in neuromyelitis optica[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2012, 130(7): 858-862. DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1126.
11.	Lehmann HC, Hartung HP, Hetzel GR, et al. Plasma exchange in neuroimmunological disorders: part 1: rationale and treatment of inflammatory central nervous system disorders[J]. Arch Neurol, 2006, 63(7): 930-935. DOI: 10.1001/archneur.63.7.930.
12.	Kim SH, Kim W, Huh SY, et al. Clinical efficacy of plasmapheresis in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and effects on circulating anti-aquaporin-4 antibody levels[J]. J Clin Neurol, 2013, 9(1): 36-42. DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2013.9.1.36.
13.	Reeves HM, Winters JL. The mechanisms of action of plasma exchange[J]. Br J Haematol, 2014, 164(3): 342-351. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12629.
14.	Magaña SM, Keegan BM, Weinshenker BG, et al. Beneficial plasma exchange response in central nervous system inflammatory demyelination[J]. Arch Neurol, 2011, 68(7): 870-878. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.34.
15.	Bonnan M, Valentino R, Olindo S, et al. Plasma exchange in severe spinal attacks associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder[J]. Mult Scler, 2009, 15(4): 487-492. DOI: 10.1177/1352458508100837.
16.	Yoshida H, Ando A, Sho K, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis treated with double-filtration plasmapheresis[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2010, 26(4): 381-385. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2009.0150.

1. Morgan SM, Shaz BH, Pavenski K, et al. The top clinical trial opportunities in therapeutic apheresis and neurology[J]. J Clin Apher, 2014, 29(6): 331-335. DOI: 10.1002/jca.21339.
2. Okafor C, Ward DM, Mokrzycki MH, et al. Introduction and overview of therapeutic apheresis[J]. J Clin Apher, 2010, 25(5): 240-249. DOI: 10.1002/jca.20247.
3. Optic Neuritis Study Group. The clinical profile of optic neuritis: experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 1991, 109(12): 1673-1678.
4. Sepúlveda M, Armangué T, Sola-Valls N, et al. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: comparison according to the phenotype and serostatus[J/OL]. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2016, 3(3): 225[2016-04-14]. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/27144216. DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000225.
5. Optic Neuritis Study Group. Visual function 15 years after optic neuritis: a final follow-up report from the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial[J]. Ophthalmology, 2008, 115(6): 1079-1082. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.08.004.
6. Schwartz J, Padmanabhan A, Aqui N, et al. Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice-evidence-based approach from the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: the seventh special issue[J]. J Clin Apher, 2016, 31(3): 149-162. DOI: 10.1002/jca.21470.
7. Wingerchuk DM. Neuromyelitis optica: new findings on pathogenesis[J]. Int Rev Neurobiol, 2007, 79: 665-688. DOI: 10.1016/S0074-7742(07)79029-3.
8. Takahashi T, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre[J]. Brain, 2007, 130(Pt 5): 1235-1243. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awm062.
9. Hinson SR, McKeon A, Fryer JP, et al. Prediction of neuromyelitis optica attack severity by quantitation of complement-mediated injury to aquaporin-4-expressing cells[J]. Arch Neurol, 2009, 66(9): 1164-1167. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2009.188.
10. Merle H, Olindo S, Jeannin S, et al. Treatment of optic neuritis by plasma exchange (add-on) in neuromyelitis optica[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2012, 130(7): 858-862. DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1126.
11. Lehmann HC, Hartung HP, Hetzel GR, et al. Plasma exchange in neuroimmunological disorders: part 1: rationale and treatment of inflammatory central nervous system disorders[J]. Arch Neurol, 2006, 63(7): 930-935. DOI: 10.1001/archneur.63.7.930.
12. Kim SH, Kim W, Huh SY, et al. Clinical efficacy of plasmapheresis in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and effects on circulating anti-aquaporin-4 antibody levels[J]. J Clin Neurol, 2013, 9(1): 36-42. DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2013.9.1.36.
13. Reeves HM, Winters JL. The mechanisms of action of plasma exchange[J]. Br J Haematol, 2014, 164(3): 342-351. DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12629.
14. Magaña SM, Keegan BM, Weinshenker BG, et al. Beneficial plasma exchange response in central nervous system inflammatory demyelination[J]. Arch Neurol, 2011, 68(7): 870-878. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.34.
15. Bonnan M, Valentino R, Olindo S, et al. Plasma exchange in severe spinal attacks associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder[J]. Mult Scler, 2009, 15(4): 487-492. DOI: 10.1177/1352458508100837.
16. Yoshida H, Ando A, Sho K, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis treated with double-filtration plasmapheresis[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2010, 26(4): 381-385. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2009.0150.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

The commentaries of plasma exchange therapy for neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis

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