Study on the Regulatory Effects of Mechano Growth Factor on Soft Tissue Repair_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

YUCan ^1,2 , SHAYongqiang ^1,2 , GUOPan ^1,2 , CHENYimei ^1,2 , NjungeLucy Wanjiru ^1,2 , LUYonggang ^1,2 ,  YANGLi ^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;
2. "111" Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;

Corresponding author：

YANGLi, Email: yanglibme@cqu.edu.cn

Keywords：

mechano growth factor; insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ; soft tissue repair

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.20150043

Video：

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Mechano growth factor (MGF) is an autocrine/paracrine factor and sensitive to mechanical stimulation. MGF can be highly expressed in various soft tissues under physical stimuli, biochemistry stimuli or in damaged situation. MGF may "compensate" the stress for tissue in the processing of tissue repair. MGF can effectively accelerate the repair of the soft tissue by promoting the proliferation, migration and differentiation of cells. This paper summarizes the MGF expressions in different soft tissues and their functions in soft tissue repair. The paper also discusses current problems and challenges in using MGF to repair the soft tissue.

Citation： YUCan, SHAYongqiang, GUOPan, CHENYimei, NjungeLucy Wanjiru, LUYonggang, YANGLi. Study on the Regulatory Effects of Mechano Growth Factor on Soft Tissue Repair. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2015, 32(1): 235-239. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.20150043 Copy

1.	KANDALLA P K, GOLDSPINK G, BUTLER-BROWNE G, et al. Mechano growth factor E peptide (MGF-E), derived from an isoform of IGF-1, activates human muscle progenitor cells and induces an increase in their fusion potential at different ages[J]. Mech Ageing Dev, 2011, 132(4): 154-162.
2.	MATHENY R W JR, NINDL B C, ADAMO M L. Minireview: Mechano-growth factor: a putative product of IGF-Ⅰgene expression involved in tissue repair and regeneration[J]. Endocrinology, 2010, 151(3): 865-875.
3.	HAMEED M, TOFT A D, PEDERSEN B K, et al. Effects of eccentric cycling exercise on IGF-Ⅰsplice variant expression in the muscles of young and elderly people[J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2008, 18(4): 447-452.
4.	MCKOY G, ASHLEY W, MANDER J, et al. Expression of insulin growth factor-1 splice variants and structural genes in rabbit skeletal muscle induced by stretch and stimulation[J]. J Physiol, 1999, 516 (Pt 2): 583-592.
5.	MCBRIER N M, LEKAN J M, DRUHAN L J, et al. Therapeutic ultrasound decreases mechano-growth factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression after muscle contusion injury[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2007, 88(7): 936-940.
6.	DELGADO-DIAZ D C, GORDON B S, DOMPIER T, et al. Therapeutic ultrasound affects IGF-1 splice variant expression in human skeletal muscle[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2011, 39(10): 2233-2241.
7.	KRAVCHENKO I V, FURALYOV V A, LISITSINA E S, et al. Stimulation of mechano-growth factor expression by second messengers[J]. Arch Biochem Biophys, 2011, 507(2): 323-331.
8.	RIGAMONTI A E, LOCATELLI L, CELLA S G, et al. Muscle expressions of MGF, IGF-ⅠEa, and myostatin in intact and hypophysectomized rats: effects of rhGH and testosterone alone or combined[J]. Horm Metab Res, 2009, 41(1): 23-29.
9.	GENTILE M A, NANTERMET P V, VOGEL R L, et al. Androgen-mediated improvement of body composition and muscle function involves a novel early transcriptional program including IGF1, mechano growth factor, and induction of beta-catenin[J]. J Mol Endocrinol, 2010, 44(1): 55-73.
10.	HILL M, GOLDSPINK G. Expression and splicing of the insulin-like growth factor gene in rodent muscle is associated with muscle satellite (stem) cell activation following local tissue damage[J]. J Physiol, 2003, 549(Pt 2): 409-418.
11.	MILLS P, DOMINIQUE J C, LAFRENIERE J F, et al. A synthetic mechano growth factor E Peptide enhances myogenic precursor cell transplantation success[J]. Am J Transplant, 2007, 7(10): 2247-2259.
12.	YANG S Y, GOLDSPINK G. Different roles of the IGF-ⅠEc peptide (MGF) and mature IGF-Ⅰin myoblast proliferation and differentiation[J]. FEBS Lett, 2002, 522(1-3): 156-160.
13.	QIN L L, LI X K, XU J, et al. Mechano growth factor (MGF) promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of porcine satellite cells (PSCs) by down-regulation of key myogenic transcriptional factors[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2012, 370(1-2): 221-230.
14.	GOLDSPINK G. Impairment of IGF-Ⅰgene splicing and MGF expression associated with muscle wasting[J]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2006, 38(3): 481-489.
15.	HEINEMEIER K M, OLESEN J L, SCHJERLING P, et al. Short-term strength training and the expression of myostatin and IGF-Ⅰisoforms in rat muscle and tendon: differential effects of specific contraction types[J]. J Appl Physiol, 2007, 102(2): 573-581.
16.	OLESEN J L, HEINEMEIER K M, HADDAD F, et al. Expression of insulin-like growth factorⅠ, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, and collagen mRNA in mechanically loaded plantaris tendon[J]. J Appl Physiol, 2006, 101(1): 183-188.
17.	VAN DIJK-OTTENS M, VOS I H, CORNELISSEN P W, et al. Thyroid hormone-induced cardiac mechano growth factor expression depends on beating activity[J]. Endocrinology, 2010, 151(2): 830-838.
18.	CARPENTER V, MATTHEWS K, DEVLIN G, et al. Mechano-growth factor reduces loss of cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction[J]. Heart Lung Circ, 2008, 17(1): 33-39.
19.	MAVROMMATIS E, SHIOURA K M, LOS T, et al. The E-domain region of mechano-growth factor inhibits cellular apoptosis and preserves cardiac function during myocardial infarction[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2013.
20.	BERESEWICZ M, MAJEWSKA M, MAKAREWICZ D, et al. Changes in the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 variants in the postnatal brain development and in neonatal hypoxia-ischaemia[J]. Int J Dev Neurosci, 2010, 28(1): 91-97.
21.	DLUZNIEWSKA J, SARNOWSKA A, BERESEWICZ M, et al. A strong neuroprotective effect of the autonomous C-terminal peptide of IGF-1 Ec (MGF) in brain ischemia[J]. FASEB J, 2005, 19(13): 1896-1898.
22.	APERGHIS M, JOHNSON I P, CANNON J, et al. Different levels of neuroprotection by two insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰsplice variants[J]. Brain Res, 2004, 1009(1-2): 213-218.
23.	QUESADA A, OGI J, SCHULTZ J, et al. C-terminal mechano-growth factor induces heme oxygenase-1-mediated neuroprotection of SH-SY5Y cells via the protein kinase Cε/Nrf2 pathway[J]. J Neurosci Res, 2011, 89(3): 394-405.
24.	MILINGOS D S, PHILIPPOU A, ARMAKOLAS A, et al. Insulinlike growth factor-1Ec (MGF) expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium: characterization of the MGF E-peptide actions in vitro[J]. Mol Med, 2011, 17(1-2): 21-28.
25.	ARMAKOLAS A, PHILIPPOU A, PANTELEAKOU Z, et al. Preferential expression of IGF-1Ec (MGF) transcript in cancerous tissues of human prostate: evidence for a novel and autonomous growth factor activity of MGF E peptide in human prostate cancer cells[J]. Prostate, 2010, 70(11): 1233-1242.
26.	SAVVANI A, PETRAKI C, MSAOUEL P, et al. IGF-ⅠEc expression is associated with advanced clinical and pathological stage of prostate cancer[J]. Anticancer Res, 2013, 33(6): 2441-2445.

1. KANDALLA P K, GOLDSPINK G, BUTLER-BROWNE G, et al. Mechano growth factor E peptide (MGF-E), derived from an isoform of IGF-1, activates human muscle progenitor cells and induces an increase in their fusion potential at different ages[J]. Mech Ageing Dev, 2011, 132(4): 154-162.
2. MATHENY R W JR, NINDL B C, ADAMO M L. Minireview: Mechano-growth factor: a putative product of IGF-Ⅰgene expression involved in tissue repair and regeneration[J]. Endocrinology, 2010, 151(3): 865-875.
3. HAMEED M, TOFT A D, PEDERSEN B K, et al. Effects of eccentric cycling exercise on IGF-Ⅰsplice variant expression in the muscles of young and elderly people[J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2008, 18(4): 447-452.
4. MCKOY G, ASHLEY W, MANDER J, et al. Expression of insulin growth factor-1 splice variants and structural genes in rabbit skeletal muscle induced by stretch and stimulation[J]. J Physiol, 1999, 516 (Pt 2): 583-592.
5. MCBRIER N M, LEKAN J M, DRUHAN L J, et al. Therapeutic ultrasound decreases mechano-growth factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression after muscle contusion injury[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2007, 88(7): 936-940.
6. DELGADO-DIAZ D C, GORDON B S, DOMPIER T, et al. Therapeutic ultrasound affects IGF-1 splice variant expression in human skeletal muscle[J]. Am J Sports Med, 2011, 39(10): 2233-2241.
7. KRAVCHENKO I V, FURALYOV V A, LISITSINA E S, et al. Stimulation of mechano-growth factor expression by second messengers[J]. Arch Biochem Biophys, 2011, 507(2): 323-331.
8. RIGAMONTI A E, LOCATELLI L, CELLA S G, et al. Muscle expressions of MGF, IGF-ⅠEa, and myostatin in intact and hypophysectomized rats: effects of rhGH and testosterone alone or combined[J]. Horm Metab Res, 2009, 41(1): 23-29.
9. GENTILE M A, NANTERMET P V, VOGEL R L, et al. Androgen-mediated improvement of body composition and muscle function involves a novel early transcriptional program including IGF1, mechano growth factor, and induction of beta-catenin[J]. J Mol Endocrinol, 2010, 44(1): 55-73.
10. HILL M, GOLDSPINK G. Expression and splicing of the insulin-like growth factor gene in rodent muscle is associated with muscle satellite (stem) cell activation following local tissue damage[J]. J Physiol, 2003, 549(Pt 2): 409-418.
11. MILLS P, DOMINIQUE J C, LAFRENIERE J F, et al. A synthetic mechano growth factor E Peptide enhances myogenic precursor cell transplantation success[J]. Am J Transplant, 2007, 7(10): 2247-2259.
12. YANG S Y, GOLDSPINK G. Different roles of the IGF-ⅠEc peptide (MGF) and mature IGF-Ⅰin myoblast proliferation and differentiation[J]. FEBS Lett, 2002, 522(1-3): 156-160.
13. QIN L L, LI X K, XU J, et al. Mechano growth factor (MGF) promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of porcine satellite cells (PSCs) by down-regulation of key myogenic transcriptional factors[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2012, 370(1-2): 221-230.
14. GOLDSPINK G. Impairment of IGF-Ⅰgene splicing and MGF expression associated with muscle wasting[J]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2006, 38(3): 481-489.
15. HEINEMEIER K M, OLESEN J L, SCHJERLING P, et al. Short-term strength training and the expression of myostatin and IGF-Ⅰisoforms in rat muscle and tendon: differential effects of specific contraction types[J]. J Appl Physiol, 2007, 102(2): 573-581.
16. OLESEN J L, HEINEMEIER K M, HADDAD F, et al. Expression of insulin-like growth factorⅠ, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, and collagen mRNA in mechanically loaded plantaris tendon[J]. J Appl Physiol, 2006, 101(1): 183-188.
17. VAN DIJK-OTTENS M, VOS I H, CORNELISSEN P W, et al. Thyroid hormone-induced cardiac mechano growth factor expression depends on beating activity[J]. Endocrinology, 2010, 151(2): 830-838.
18. CARPENTER V, MATTHEWS K, DEVLIN G, et al. Mechano-growth factor reduces loss of cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction[J]. Heart Lung Circ, 2008, 17(1): 33-39.
19. MAVROMMATIS E, SHIOURA K M, LOS T, et al. The E-domain region of mechano-growth factor inhibits cellular apoptosis and preserves cardiac function during myocardial infarction[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2013.
20. BERESEWICZ M, MAJEWSKA M, MAKAREWICZ D, et al. Changes in the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 variants in the postnatal brain development and in neonatal hypoxia-ischaemia[J]. Int J Dev Neurosci, 2010, 28(1): 91-97.
21. DLUZNIEWSKA J, SARNOWSKA A, BERESEWICZ M, et al. A strong neuroprotective effect of the autonomous C-terminal peptide of IGF-1 Ec (MGF) in brain ischemia[J]. FASEB J, 2005, 19(13): 1896-1898.
22. APERGHIS M, JOHNSON I P, CANNON J, et al. Different levels of neuroprotection by two insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰsplice variants[J]. Brain Res, 2004, 1009(1-2): 213-218.
23. QUESADA A, OGI J, SCHULTZ J, et al. C-terminal mechano-growth factor induces heme oxygenase-1-mediated neuroprotection of SH-SY5Y cells via the protein kinase Cε/Nrf2 pathway[J]. J Neurosci Res, 2011, 89(3): 394-405.
24. MILINGOS D S, PHILIPPOU A, ARMAKOLAS A, et al. Insulinlike growth factor-1Ec (MGF) expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium: characterization of the MGF E-peptide actions in vitro[J]. Mol Med, 2011, 17(1-2): 21-28.
25. ARMAKOLAS A, PHILIPPOU A, PANTELEAKOU Z, et al. Preferential expression of IGF-1Ec (MGF) transcript in cancerous tissues of human prostate: evidence for a novel and autonomous growth factor activity of MGF E peptide in human prostate cancer cells[J]. Prostate, 2010, 70(11): 1233-1242.
26. SAVVANI A, PETRAKI C, MSAOUEL P, et al. IGF-ⅠEc expression is associated with advanced clinical and pathological stage of prostate cancer[J]. Anticancer Res, 2013, 33(6): 2441-2445.

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