An Improved Retrospective Respiratory Navigator Gating Technique_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

SHIZhongqiang ,  DUYiping

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;

Corresponding author：

DUYiping, Email: yipingdu@zju.edu.cn

Keywords：

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); motion artifacts; respiratory navigator gating; variable over-sampling ratio; weighted average

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.20150233

Video：

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Abdominal imaging is one of the important clinical applications of magnetic resonance imagining, but image degradation due to respiratory motion remains a major problem. Retrospective respiratory navigator gating technique is an effective approach to alleviate such degradation but is subject to long scan time and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) efficiency. In this study, a modified retrospective navigator gating technique with variable over-sampling ratio acquisition and weighted average reconstruction algorithm is presented. Experiments in phantom and the imaging results of seven volunteers demonstrated that the proposed method provided an enhanced SNR and reduced ghost-to-image ratio compared to the conventional method. The proposed method can also be used to reduce imaging time while maintaining comparable image quality.

Citation： SHIZhongqiang, DUYiping. An Improved Retrospective Respiratory Navigator Gating Technique. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2015, 32(6): 1317-1322. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.20150233 Copy

1.	BERNSTEIN M A, KING K F, ZHOU X J. Handbook of MRI pulse sequences[M]. London:Elsevier, 2004.
2.	PALING M R, BROOKEMAN J R. Respiration artifacts in MR imaging:reduction by breath holding[J]. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 1986, 10(6):1080-1082.
3.	FEINBERG D A, ROFSKY N M, JOHNSON G. Multiple breath-hold averaging (mba) method for increased snr in abdominal mri[J]. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1995, 34(6):905-909.
4.	BAILES D, GILDERDALE D, BYDDER G, et al. Respiratory ordered phase encoding (ROPE):a method for reducing respiratory motion artefacts in MR imaging[J]. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 1985, 9(4):835-838.
5.	HAACKE E M, LENZ G W. Improving MR image quality in the presence of motion by using rephasing gradients[J]. American Journal of Roentgenology, 1987, 148(6):1251-1258.
6.	PATTANY P M, PHILLIPS J J, CHIU L C, et al. Motion artifact suppression technique (MAST) for MR imaging[J]. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 1987, 11(3):369-377.
7.	MCROBBIE D W, MOORE E A, GRAVES M J, et al. MRI from picture to proton[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2006.
8.	LIU Y L, RIEDERER S J, ROSSMAN P J, et al. A monitoring, feedback, and triggering system for reproducible breath-hold MR imaging[J]. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1993, 30(4):507-511.
9.	EHMAN R, MCNAMARA M, PALLACK M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging with respiratory gating:techniques and advantages[J]. American Journal of Roentgenology, 1984, 143(6):1175-1182.
10.	LEWIS C, PRATO F, DROST D, et al. Comparison of respiratory triggering and gating techniques for the removal of respiratory artifacts in MR imaging[J]. Radiology, 1986, 160(3):803-810.
11.	RUNGE V, CLANTON J, PARTAIN C, et al. Respiratory gating in magnetic resonance imaging at 0.5 Tesla[J]. Radiology, 1984, 151(2):521-523.
12.	DU Y P, MCVEIGH E R, BLUEMKE D A, et al. A comparison of prospective and retrospective respiratory navigator gating in 3D MR coronary angiography[J]. The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 2001, 17(4):287-294.
13.	NEHRKE K, MANKE D. Advanced navigator techniques[J/OL]. International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism, 2000, 2(2)[2013-10-23]. http://mriquestions.com/uploads/3/2/7/4/3274160/ijbem_2000_vol_2_nr_2.pdf.
14.	DU Y P, SARANATHAN M, FOO T K. An accurate, robust, and computationally efficient navigator algorithm for measuring diaphragm rositions[J]. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 2004, 6(2):483-490.
15.	DU Y P. Prospective navigator gating with a dual acceptance window technique to reduce respiratory motion artifacts in 3D MR coronary angiography[J]. The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 2003, 19(2):157-162.
16.	ATKINSON D, HILL D L, STOYLE P N, et al. Automatic correction of motion artifacts in magnetic resonance images using an entropy focus criterion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 1997, 16(6):903-910.

1. BERNSTEIN M A, KING K F, ZHOU X J. Handbook of MRI pulse sequences[M]. London:Elsevier, 2004.
2. PALING M R, BROOKEMAN J R. Respiration artifacts in MR imaging:reduction by breath holding[J]. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 1986, 10(6):1080-1082.
3. FEINBERG D A, ROFSKY N M, JOHNSON G. Multiple breath-hold averaging (mba) method for increased snr in abdominal mri[J]. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1995, 34(6):905-909.
4. BAILES D, GILDERDALE D, BYDDER G, et al. Respiratory ordered phase encoding (ROPE):a method for reducing respiratory motion artefacts in MR imaging[J]. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 1985, 9(4):835-838.
5. HAACKE E M, LENZ G W. Improving MR image quality in the presence of motion by using rephasing gradients[J]. American Journal of Roentgenology, 1987, 148(6):1251-1258.
6. PATTANY P M, PHILLIPS J J, CHIU L C, et al. Motion artifact suppression technique (MAST) for MR imaging[J]. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 1987, 11(3):369-377.
7. MCROBBIE D W, MOORE E A, GRAVES M J, et al. MRI from picture to proton[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 2006.
8. LIU Y L, RIEDERER S J, ROSSMAN P J, et al. A monitoring, feedback, and triggering system for reproducible breath-hold MR imaging[J]. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1993, 30(4):507-511.
9. EHMAN R, MCNAMARA M, PALLACK M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging with respiratory gating:techniques and advantages[J]. American Journal of Roentgenology, 1984, 143(6):1175-1182.
10. LEWIS C, PRATO F, DROST D, et al. Comparison of respiratory triggering and gating techniques for the removal of respiratory artifacts in MR imaging[J]. Radiology, 1986, 160(3):803-810.
11. RUNGE V, CLANTON J, PARTAIN C, et al. Respiratory gating in magnetic resonance imaging at 0.5 Tesla[J]. Radiology, 1984, 151(2):521-523.
12. DU Y P, MCVEIGH E R, BLUEMKE D A, et al. A comparison of prospective and retrospective respiratory navigator gating in 3D MR coronary angiography[J]. The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 2001, 17(4):287-294.
13. NEHRKE K, MANKE D. Advanced navigator techniques[J/OL]. International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism, 2000, 2(2)[2013-10-23]. http://mriquestions.com/uploads/3/2/7/4/3274160/ijbem_2000_vol_2_nr_2.pdf.
14. DU Y P, SARANATHAN M, FOO T K. An accurate, robust, and computationally efficient navigator algorithm for measuring diaphragm rositions[J]. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 2004, 6(2):483-490.
15. DU Y P. Prospective navigator gating with a dual acceptance window technique to reduce respiratory motion artifacts in 3D MR coronary angiography[J]. The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 2003, 19(2):157-162.
16. ATKINSON D, HILL D L, STOYLE P N, et al. Automatic correction of motion artifacts in magnetic resonance images using an entropy focus criterion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 1997, 16(6):903-910.

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