A Review of Electrical Property Tomography for Human Tissues_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

LIHuaiming , SHENShengyuan ,  YANDandan

College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;

Corresponding author：

YANDandan, Email: dandanyan@cjlu.edu.cn

Keywords：

electrical properties; magnetic resonance imaging; biomedical imaging; specific absorption rate; electrical impedance tomography

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.20160160

Video：

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In recent years, the technologies based on the electrical properties (EPs) of human tissue, such as electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT), have become one of the most popular research subjects in biomedicine. Compared with EIT and MREIT, the magnetic resonance electrical property tomography (MR-EPT) is a new technique using nondestructive EPs method. MR-EPT reconstructs the electrical conductivity and permittivity of the biological tissues based on the radio frequency field of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. It can obtain an accurate and high resolution image without current injection. In this paper, several methods for the EPs are reviewed, especially the MR-EPT. The theory, advantages and prospects of MR-EPT's are elaborated. The method of specific absorption rate (SAR) based on it is also introduced. MR-EPT is deserved further research and should be given more attention by the researchers. All this evolution based on MREPT can give new energy to the medical diagnosis.

Citation： LI Huaiming, SHEN Shengyuan, YAN Dandan. A Review of Electrical Property Tomography for Human Tissues. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2016, 33(5): 998-1004. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.20160160 Copy

1.	WANG H B, XU G Z, LI Y, et al. An approach to 3D EIT based on generalized backprojection method via node analysis[J]. ICEF, 2012, 19(21):1-4.
2.	NAUSHAD A, RASHID A, MAZHAR S. Analysing the performance of EIT images using the point spread function[C]//2014 International Conference on ICET, Cairo:2014:36-41.
3.	杨琳, 徐灿华, 付峰, 等.一种基于加权频差阻尼最小二乘的准静态EIT算法[J].仪器仪表学报, 2013, 34(8):1879-1885.
4.	何为, 牛富丽, 李冰, 等.基于对应点匹配插值算法的电阻抗三维图像重建[J].重庆大学学报, 2013, 36(7):61-65.
5.	BERA T K, SAIKIA M, NAGARAJU J. A battery-based constant current source(Bb-CCS)for biomedical applications[C]//2013 Fourth International Conference on ICCCNT, Tiruchengode:2013, 10:1-5.
6.	LOYOLA B R, LA SAPONARA V, LOH K J, et al. Spatial sensing using electrical impedance tomography[J]. IEEE Sens J, 2013, 13(6):2357-2367.
7.	BOUCHETTE G, CHURCH P, MCFEE J E, et al. Imaging of compact objects buried in underwater sediments using electrical impedance tomography[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2014, 52(2):1407-1417.
8.	FERREIRA H R, BUSTOS H A, FIGUREOLA W B. Simulation inverse problems of Reconstruction of image data using patterned electrical impedance tomography female breaste-Health Networking[C]//IEEE 16th International Conference on HealthCom.10, 2014:1-6.
9.	GUERMANDI M, CARDU R, FRANCHI SCARSELLI E, et al. Active electrode IC for EEG and electrical impedance tomography with continuous monitoring of contact impedance[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst, 2015, 9(1):21-33.
10.	CONSTANTINOU L, TRIANTIS I F, BAYFORD R, et al. High-power CMOS current driver with accurate transconductance for electrical impedance tomography[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst, 2014, 8(4):575-583.
11.	ZHANG N. Electrical impedance tomography based on current density imaging[D]. Toronto:Msc Thesis University, 1992.
12.	陈瑞娟.三维开放式磁共振电阻抗成像的研究[D].天津:天津大学, 2012.
13.	李小霞, 王泽文, 何碧琴.基于偏微分方程去躁的磁共振电阻抗成像[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 35(1):94-100.
14.	JEON K, LEE C O. CoReHA 2.0:a software package for in vivo MREIT experiments[J]. Comput Math Methods Med, 2013(2):941745.
15.	闫丹丹, 沈圣远, 陈会.基于磁共振电阻抗成像技术的3维脑病变检测仿真[J].高电压技术, 2015, 41(4):1372-1376.
16.	PARK C, KWON O I. Current density imaging using directly measured harmonic Bz data in MREIT[J]. Comput Math Methods Med, 2013(2):381507.
17.	JEONG W C, SAJIB S, KIM H J, et al. Focused current density imaging using internal electrode in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT)[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2014, 61(7):1938-1946.
18.	EROGLU H H, EYUBOGLU B M. Induced current magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography with z-gradient coil[C]//EMBC 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, Sheraton:2014, 10:1143-1146.
19.	KATSCHER U, VOIGT T, FINDEKLEE C, et al. Determination of electric conductivity and local SAR via B1 mapping[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2009, 28(9):1365-1374.
20.	STEHNING C, VOIGHT T, KARKOWSKI P, et al. Electric properties tomography(EPT)of the liver in a single breathhold using SSFP[C]//20th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Montreal:2012:13-17.
21.	LIER A W, RAAIJMAKERS A, VOIGT T, et al. Electrical properties tomography in the human brain at 1.5, 3 and 7 T:A comparison study[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2013, 71(1):354-363.
22.	ZHANG Xiaotong, VAN DE MOORTELE P F, SCHMITTER S, et al. Complex B1 mapping and electrical properties imaging of the human brain using a 16-channel transceiver coil at 7T[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2013, 69(5):1285-1296.
23.	ZHANG Xiaotong, SCHMITTER S, VAN DE MOORTELE P F, et al. From complex B(1) mapping to local SAR estimation for human brain Mr imaging using multi-channel transceiver coil at 7T[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2013, 32(6):1058-1067.
24.	LIU Jiaen, ZHANG Xiaotong, VAN DE MOORTELE P F, et al. Determining electrical properties based on B(1) fields measured in an Mr scanner using a multi-channel transmit/receive coil:a general approach[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2013, 58(13):4395-4408.
25.	WAN Y Q, NEGISHI M, CONSTABLE R T. 2D magnetic resonance electrical property tomography based on B1-field mapping[C]//EMBC 201436th Annual International Conference of the IEEE.36, 2014:6060-6063.
26.	LEE S K, BULUMULLA S, HANCU Ileana. Theoretical investigation of random Noise-Limited Signal-to-Noise ratio in MR-Based electrical properties tomography[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2015, 34(11):2220-2232.
27.	KATSCHER U, DJAMSHIDI K, VOIGT T, et al. Estimation of breast tumor conductivity using parabolic phase fitting[C]//20th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Montreal:2012:75-82.
28.	KATSCHER U, ABE H, IVANCEVIC M, et al. Systematic brain tumor conductivity study with optimized EPT sequence and Reconstruction algorithm[C]//21th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Salt Lake City:2013:33-40.
29.	LEE S K, BULUMULLA S, LAMB P, et al. Measurement of electrical properties of biological tissue at Radio frequencies using magnetic resonance imaging[C]//EuCAP, Lisbon:2015:1-4.
30.	LEE S K, BULUMULLA S, WIESINGER F, et al. Tissue electrical property mapping from zero echo-time magnetic resonance imaging[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2015, 34(2):541-550.
31.	LIU J E, ZHANG X T, SCHMITTER S, et al. Gradient-based magnetic resonance electrical properties imaging of brain tissues[C]//EMBC 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, 2014:6056-6059.
32.	HUHNDORF M, STEHNING C, ROHR A, et al. Systematic brain tumor conductivity study with optimized EPT sequence and Reconstruction algorithm[C]//21th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Salt Lake City:2013:16-26.
33.	VOIGT T, HOMANN H, KATSCHER U, et al. Patient-individual local SAR determination:in vivo measurements and numerical validation[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2012, 68(4):1117-1126.
34.	KATSCHER U, FINDEKLEE C, VOIGT T. B1-based specific energy absorption rate determination for nonquadrature radiofrequency excitation[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2012, 68(6):1911-1918.
35.	ZHANG X T, SCHMITTER S, LIU J E, et al. Local SAR estimation for human brain imaging using multi-channel transceiver coil at 7 T[C]//21th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Salt Lake City:2013:288-292.

1. WANG H B, XU G Z, LI Y, et al. An approach to 3D EIT based on generalized backprojection method via node analysis[J]. ICEF, 2012, 19(21):1-4.
2. NAUSHAD A, RASHID A, MAZHAR S. Analysing the performance of EIT images using the point spread function[C]//2014 International Conference on ICET, Cairo:2014:36-41.
3. 杨琳, 徐灿华, 付峰, 等.一种基于加权频差阻尼最小二乘的准静态EIT算法[J].仪器仪表学报, 2013, 34(8):1879-1885.
4. 何为, 牛富丽, 李冰, 等.基于对应点匹配插值算法的电阻抗三维图像重建[J].重庆大学学报, 2013, 36(7):61-65.
5. BERA T K, SAIKIA M, NAGARAJU J. A battery-based constant current source(Bb-CCS)for biomedical applications[C]//2013 Fourth International Conference on ICCCNT, Tiruchengode:2013, 10:1-5.
6. LOYOLA B R, LA SAPONARA V, LOH K J, et al. Spatial sensing using electrical impedance tomography[J]. IEEE Sens J, 2013, 13(6):2357-2367.
7. BOUCHETTE G, CHURCH P, MCFEE J E, et al. Imaging of compact objects buried in underwater sediments using electrical impedance tomography[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2014, 52(2):1407-1417.
8. FERREIRA H R, BUSTOS H A, FIGUREOLA W B. Simulation inverse problems of Reconstruction of image data using patterned electrical impedance tomography female breaste-Health Networking[C]//IEEE 16th International Conference on HealthCom.10, 2014:1-6.
9. GUERMANDI M, CARDU R, FRANCHI SCARSELLI E, et al. Active electrode IC for EEG and electrical impedance tomography with continuous monitoring of contact impedance[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst, 2015, 9(1):21-33.
10. CONSTANTINOU L, TRIANTIS I F, BAYFORD R, et al. High-power CMOS current driver with accurate transconductance for electrical impedance tomography[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst, 2014, 8(4):575-583.
11. ZHANG N. Electrical impedance tomography based on current density imaging[D]. Toronto:Msc Thesis University, 1992.
12. 陈瑞娟.三维开放式磁共振电阻抗成像的研究[D].天津:天津大学, 2012.
13. 李小霞, 王泽文, 何碧琴.基于偏微分方程去躁的磁共振电阻抗成像[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 35(1):94-100.
14. JEON K, LEE C O. CoReHA 2.0:a software package for in vivo MREIT experiments[J]. Comput Math Methods Med, 2013(2):941745.
15. 闫丹丹, 沈圣远, 陈会.基于磁共振电阻抗成像技术的3维脑病变检测仿真[J].高电压技术, 2015, 41(4):1372-1376.
16. PARK C, KWON O I. Current density imaging using directly measured harmonic Bz data in MREIT[J]. Comput Math Methods Med, 2013(2):381507.
17. JEONG W C, SAJIB S, KIM H J, et al. Focused current density imaging using internal electrode in magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT)[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2014, 61(7):1938-1946.
18. EROGLU H H, EYUBOGLU B M. Induced current magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography with z-gradient coil[C]//EMBC 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, Sheraton:2014, 10:1143-1146.
19. KATSCHER U, VOIGT T, FINDEKLEE C, et al. Determination of electric conductivity and local SAR via B1 mapping[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2009, 28(9):1365-1374.
20. STEHNING C, VOIGHT T, KARKOWSKI P, et al. Electric properties tomography(EPT)of the liver in a single breathhold using SSFP[C]//20th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Montreal:2012:13-17.
21. LIER A W, RAAIJMAKERS A, VOIGT T, et al. Electrical properties tomography in the human brain at 1.5, 3 and 7 T:A comparison study[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2013, 71(1):354-363.
22. ZHANG Xiaotong, VAN DE MOORTELE P F, SCHMITTER S, et al. Complex B1 mapping and electrical properties imaging of the human brain using a 16-channel transceiver coil at 7T[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2013, 69(5):1285-1296.
23. ZHANG Xiaotong, SCHMITTER S, VAN DE MOORTELE P F, et al. From complex B(1) mapping to local SAR estimation for human brain Mr imaging using multi-channel transceiver coil at 7T[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2013, 32(6):1058-1067.
24. LIU Jiaen, ZHANG Xiaotong, VAN DE MOORTELE P F, et al. Determining electrical properties based on B(1) fields measured in an Mr scanner using a multi-channel transmit/receive coil:a general approach[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2013, 58(13):4395-4408.
25. WAN Y Q, NEGISHI M, CONSTABLE R T. 2D magnetic resonance electrical property tomography based on B1-field mapping[C]//EMBC 201436th Annual International Conference of the IEEE.36, 2014:6060-6063.
26. LEE S K, BULUMULLA S, HANCU Ileana. Theoretical investigation of random Noise-Limited Signal-to-Noise ratio in MR-Based electrical properties tomography[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2015, 34(11):2220-2232.
27. KATSCHER U, DJAMSHIDI K, VOIGT T, et al. Estimation of breast tumor conductivity using parabolic phase fitting[C]//20th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Montreal:2012:75-82.
28. KATSCHER U, ABE H, IVANCEVIC M, et al. Systematic brain tumor conductivity study with optimized EPT sequence and Reconstruction algorithm[C]//21th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Salt Lake City:2013:33-40.
29. LEE S K, BULUMULLA S, LAMB P, et al. Measurement of electrical properties of biological tissue at Radio frequencies using magnetic resonance imaging[C]//EuCAP, Lisbon:2015:1-4.
30. LEE S K, BULUMULLA S, WIESINGER F, et al. Tissue electrical property mapping from zero echo-time magnetic resonance imaging[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2015, 34(2):541-550.
31. LIU J E, ZHANG X T, SCHMITTER S, et al. Gradient-based magnetic resonance electrical properties imaging of brain tissues[C]//EMBC 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, 2014:6056-6059.
32. HUHNDORF M, STEHNING C, ROHR A, et al. Systematic brain tumor conductivity study with optimized EPT sequence and Reconstruction algorithm[C]//21th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Salt Lake City:2013:16-26.
33. VOIGT T, HOMANN H, KATSCHER U, et al. Patient-individual local SAR determination:in vivo measurements and numerical validation[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2012, 68(4):1117-1126.
34. KATSCHER U, FINDEKLEE C, VOIGT T. B1-based specific energy absorption rate determination for nonquadrature radiofrequency excitation[J]. Magn Reson Med, 2012, 68(6):1911-1918.
35. ZHANG X T, SCHMITTER S, LIU J E, et al. Local SAR estimation for human brain imaging using multi-channel transceiver coil at 7 T[C]//21th Annual International Conference of the ISMRM, Salt Lake City:2013:288-292.

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