Progress of anti-infection therapy in adult patients with sepsis_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

SHEN Yihong , YANG Zhuo ,  LIU Shiping

Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

LIU Shiping, Email: 1994267167@qq.com

Keywords：

Sepsis; Anti-infection; Adult; Progress

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202109080

Video：

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Sepsis is not only a common critical disease , but also a common complication and cause of death of patients in intensive care unit. It has the characteristics of dangerous condition, rapid development and high mortality. How to treat sepsis to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients is very important. Timely and reasonable anti-infection is a vatal part in the treatment of sepsis. This article will review the progress of anti-infective therapy in adult patients with sepsis, starting from empirical anti-infection, procalcitonin-guided anti-infection, bacterial culture combined drug sensitivity test-guided anti-infection and anti-infection with antimicrobial peptides, aiming to provide a certain basis and reference for the anti-infective treatment of adult sepsis.

Citation： SHEN Yihong, YANG Zhuo, LIU Shiping. Progress of anti-infection therapy in adult patients with sepsis. West China Medical Journal, 2021, 36(11): 1598-1602. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202109080 Copy

1.	Zhou J, Tian H, Du X, et al. Population-based epidemiology of sepsis in a subdistrict of Beijing. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(7): 1168-1176.
2.	姚咏明, 张艳敏. 脓毒症发病机制最新认识. 医学研究生学报, 2017, 30(7): 678-683.
3.	Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med, 2021, 49(11): e1063-e1143.
4.	贾明雅, 唐晓磊, 郑喜胜, 等. 老年脓毒症患者病原微生物感染种类与血清 PCT、PA、FIB 水平变化的相关性. 中国老年学杂志, 2021, 41(4): 803-806.
5.	李艳秀, 左祥荣, 曹权. PCT 联合 APACHE Ⅱ评分对 ICU 肺部感染合并脓毒症的评估. 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 38(12): 1725-1728.
6.	钱桂亮, 史巍. 社区获得性肺炎患者病原菌分析及其耐药性研究. 现代诊断与治疗, 2021, 32(11): 1745-1746.
7.	申贵, 肖贞良. 严重脓毒症的经验性抗感染治疗. 中国全科医学, 2015(11): 1297-1299,1300.
8.	黄金健, 任建安. 腹腔感染中的相关病原菌及其特点. 东南大学学报(医学版), 2018, 37(2): 350-354.
9.	罗醒政, 曾振华, 李露兰, 等. ICU 成人腹腔感染临床分离菌的流行病学特点及耐药性变化. 中国感染控制杂志, 2021, 20(4): 289-298.
10.	乔莉, 曹洋, 袁宏勋, 等. ICU 中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的危险因素及病原菌分析. 首都医科大学学报, 2020, 41(1): 125-130.
11.	吴远帆, 刘成成, 范坤, 等. 2016-2019 年老年医学科重症监护室患者血流感染病原菌的分布与耐药性分析. 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 41(4): 586-592.
12.	张略. 2016-2019 年某院 ICU 脓毒症患者的病原菌分布及耐药性分析. 中国现代药物应用, 2021, 15(8): 248-250.
13.	张林, 陈仲祥. 2013-2017 年 ICU 脓毒症患者临床特征及病原菌学分析. 国际检验医学杂志, 2019, 40(7): 794-797,802.
14.	曾宪斌. 脓毒症患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析. 北方药学, 2019, 16(11): 177-178.
15.	Longo C, Bartlett G, Macgibbon B, et al. The effect of obesity on antibiotic treatment failure: a historical cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2013, 22(9): 970-976.
16.	Calbo E, Garau J. Application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Respiration, 2005, 72(6): 561-571.
17.	Owens RC Jr, Ambrose PG. Antimicrobial stewardship and the role of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics in the modern antibiotic era. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2007, 57(Suppl 3): 77S-83S.
18.	Falagas ME, Tansarli GS, Ikawa K, et al. Clinical outcomes with extended or continuous versus short-term intravenous infusion of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis, 2013, 56(2): 272-282.
19.	Aliberti S, Di Pasquale M, Zanaboni AM, et al. Stratifying risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(4): 470-478.
20.	Karon BS, Tolan NV, Wockenfus AM, et al. Evaluation of lactate, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, procalcitonin and immature granulocyte count as biomarkers for sepsis in emergency department patients. Clin Biochem, 2017, 50(16/17): 956-958.
21.	Kostic I, Gurrieri C, Piva E, et al. Comparison of presepsin, procalcitonin, interleukin-8 and C-reactive protein in predicting bacteraemia in febrile neutropenic adult patients with haematological malignancies. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis, 2019, 11(1): e2019047.
22.	Venugopalan DP, Pillai G, Krishnan S. Diagnostic value and prognostic use of presepsin versus procalcitonin in sepsis. Cureus, 2019, 11(7): e5151.
23.	Voermans AM, Mewes JC, Broyles MR, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a procalcitonin-guided decision algorithm for antibiotic stewardship using real-world U. S. hospital data. OMICS, 2019, 23(10): 508-515.
24.	Yu H, Qi Z, Hang C, et al. Evaluating the value of dynamic procalcitonin and presepsin measurements for patients with severe sepsis. Am J Emerg Med, 2017, 35(6): 835-841.
25.	Schuetz P, Albrich W, Mueller B. Procalcitonin for diagnosis of infection and guide to antibiotic decisions: past, present and future. BMC Med, 2011, 9: 107.
26.	Schuetz P, Birkhahn R, Sherwin R, et al. Serial procalcitonin predicts mortality in severe sepsis patients: results from the multicenter procalcitonin monitoring sepsis (MOSES) study. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(5): 781-789.
27.	陈慧敏, 王立群, 黄利民, 等. 降钙素原变化率对创伤后脓毒症患者抗生素合理使用的指导价值. 东南国防医药, 2020, 22(4): 408-410.
28.	赵见云. 探讨 ICU 脓毒症患者血清降钙素原(PCT)浓度与病原学类型的关系. 世界最新医学信息文摘(连续型电子期刊), 2020, 20(86): 6-7.
29.	常力川. 细菌培养联合药敏试验对脓毒症患者合理应用抗生素的影响. 中国医药指南, 2020, 18(9): 54.
30.	冯清, 吴龙, 艾宇航, 等. 重症监护病房脓毒症患者病原菌的流行病学特征. 中国感染控制杂志, 2018, 17(9): 777-782.
31.	杨秋菊. 细菌培养联合药敏试验对脓毒症患者抗生素合理使用的影响. 北方药学, 2018, 15(5): 167-168.
32.	Järvå M, Phan TK, Lay FT, et al. Human β-defensin 2 kills Candida albicans through phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate-mediated membrane permeabilization. Sci Adv, 2018, 4(7): eaat0979.
33.	Syed H, Tauseef M, Ahmad Z. A connection between antimicrobial properties of venom peptides and microbial ATP synthase. Int J Biol Macromol, 2018, 119: 23-31.
34.	Ramchuran EJ, Somboro AM, Abdel Monaim SAH, et al. In vitro antibacterial activity of teixobactin derivatives on clinically relevant bacterial isolates. Front Microbiol, 2018, 9: 1535.
35.	庄雪明, 王诗波, 虞大为, 等. 脓毒性休克患者抗菌肽 LL-37 与降钙素原联合检测价值. 实用临床医药杂志, 2021, 25(5): 96-100.

1. Zhou J, Tian H, Du X, et al. Population-based epidemiology of sepsis in a subdistrict of Beijing. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(7): 1168-1176.
2. 姚咏明, 张艳敏. 脓毒症发病机制最新认识. 医学研究生学报, 2017, 30(7): 678-683.
3. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med, 2021, 49(11): e1063-e1143.
4. 贾明雅, 唐晓磊, 郑喜胜, 等. 老年脓毒症患者病原微生物感染种类与血清 PCT、PA、FIB 水平变化的相关性. 中国老年学杂志, 2021, 41(4): 803-806.
5. 李艳秀, 左祥荣, 曹权. PCT 联合 APACHE Ⅱ评分对 ICU 肺部感染合并脓毒症的评估. 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 38(12): 1725-1728.
6. 钱桂亮, 史巍. 社区获得性肺炎患者病原菌分析及其耐药性研究. 现代诊断与治疗, 2021, 32(11): 1745-1746.
7. 申贵, 肖贞良. 严重脓毒症的经验性抗感染治疗. 中国全科医学, 2015(11): 1297-1299,1300.
8. 黄金健, 任建安. 腹腔感染中的相关病原菌及其特点. 东南大学学报(医学版), 2018, 37(2): 350-354.
9. 罗醒政, 曾振华, 李露兰, 等. ICU 成人腹腔感染临床分离菌的流行病学特点及耐药性变化. 中国感染控制杂志, 2021, 20(4): 289-298.
10. 乔莉, 曹洋, 袁宏勋, 等. ICU 中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的危险因素及病原菌分析. 首都医科大学学报, 2020, 41(1): 125-130.
11. 吴远帆, 刘成成, 范坤, 等. 2016-2019 年老年医学科重症监护室患者血流感染病原菌的分布与耐药性分析. 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 41(4): 586-592.
12. 张略. 2016-2019 年某院 ICU 脓毒症患者的病原菌分布及耐药性分析. 中国现代药物应用, 2021, 15(8): 248-250.
13. 张林, 陈仲祥. 2013-2017 年 ICU 脓毒症患者临床特征及病原菌学分析. 国际检验医学杂志, 2019, 40(7): 794-797,802.
14. 曾宪斌. 脓毒症患者病原菌分布及耐药性分析. 北方药学, 2019, 16(11): 177-178.
15. Longo C, Bartlett G, Macgibbon B, et al. The effect of obesity on antibiotic treatment failure: a historical cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2013, 22(9): 970-976.
16. Calbo E, Garau J. Application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Respiration, 2005, 72(6): 561-571.
17. Owens RC Jr, Ambrose PG. Antimicrobial stewardship and the role of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics in the modern antibiotic era. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2007, 57(Suppl 3): 77S-83S.
18. Falagas ME, Tansarli GS, Ikawa K, et al. Clinical outcomes with extended or continuous versus short-term intravenous infusion of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis, 2013, 56(2): 272-282.
19. Aliberti S, Di Pasquale M, Zanaboni AM, et al. Stratifying risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(4): 470-478.
20. Karon BS, Tolan NV, Wockenfus AM, et al. Evaluation of lactate, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, procalcitonin and immature granulocyte count as biomarkers for sepsis in emergency department patients. Clin Biochem, 2017, 50(16/17): 956-958.
21. Kostic I, Gurrieri C, Piva E, et al. Comparison of presepsin, procalcitonin, interleukin-8 and C-reactive protein in predicting bacteraemia in febrile neutropenic adult patients with haematological malignancies. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis, 2019, 11(1): e2019047.
22. Venugopalan DP, Pillai G, Krishnan S. Diagnostic value and prognostic use of presepsin versus procalcitonin in sepsis. Cureus, 2019, 11(7): e5151.
23. Voermans AM, Mewes JC, Broyles MR, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a procalcitonin-guided decision algorithm for antibiotic stewardship using real-world U. S. hospital data. OMICS, 2019, 23(10): 508-515.
24. Yu H, Qi Z, Hang C, et al. Evaluating the value of dynamic procalcitonin and presepsin measurements for patients with severe sepsis. Am J Emerg Med, 2017, 35(6): 835-841.
25. Schuetz P, Albrich W, Mueller B. Procalcitonin for diagnosis of infection and guide to antibiotic decisions: past, present and future. BMC Med, 2011, 9: 107.
26. Schuetz P, Birkhahn R, Sherwin R, et al. Serial procalcitonin predicts mortality in severe sepsis patients: results from the multicenter procalcitonin monitoring sepsis (MOSES) study. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(5): 781-789.
27. 陈慧敏, 王立群, 黄利民, 等. 降钙素原变化率对创伤后脓毒症患者抗生素合理使用的指导价值. 东南国防医药, 2020, 22(4): 408-410.
28. 赵见云. 探讨 ICU 脓毒症患者血清降钙素原(PCT)浓度与病原学类型的关系. 世界最新医学信息文摘(连续型电子期刊), 2020, 20(86): 6-7.
29. 常力川. 细菌培养联合药敏试验对脓毒症患者合理应用抗生素的影响. 中国医药指南, 2020, 18(9): 54.
30. 冯清, 吴龙, 艾宇航, 等. 重症监护病房脓毒症患者病原菌的流行病学特征. 中国感染控制杂志, 2018, 17(9): 777-782.
31. 杨秋菊. 细菌培养联合药敏试验对脓毒症患者抗生素合理使用的影响. 北方药学, 2018, 15(5): 167-168.
32. Järvå M, Phan TK, Lay FT, et al. Human β-defensin 2 kills Candida albicans through phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate-mediated membrane permeabilization. Sci Adv, 2018, 4(7): eaat0979.
33. Syed H, Tauseef M, Ahmad Z. A connection between antimicrobial properties of venom peptides and microbial ATP synthase. Int J Biol Macromol, 2018, 119: 23-31.
34. Ramchuran EJ, Somboro AM, Abdel Monaim SAH, et al. In vitro antibacterial activity of teixobactin derivatives on clinically relevant bacterial isolates. Front Microbiol, 2018, 9: 1535.
35. 庄雪明, 王诗波, 虞大为, 等. 脓毒性休克患者抗菌肽 LL-37 与降钙素原联合检测价值. 实用临床医药杂志, 2021, 25(5): 96-100.

West China Medical Journal

Progress of anti-infection therapy in adult patients with sepsis

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