INFLUENCE OF REPEATEDLY INJECTING PLATELET-RICH PLASMA ON SURVIVAL AND QUALITY OF FAT GRAFTS IN NUDE MICE_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

LI Junjie ¹ , SHI Xiao ² , CHEN Wei ¹

1Department of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Shanghai, 200235, P.R.China;;
2Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University. Corresponding author: CHEN Wei, E-mail: drchenwei@163.com;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Platelet-rich plasma; Fat grafting; Vascularization; Survival rate; Nude mouse

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20130104

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Objective To study the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the survival and quality of fat grafts in the nude mice so as to provide a method and the experimental basis for clinical practice. Methods Fat tissue was harvested from the lateral thigh of a 25-year-old healthy woman and the fat was purified by using saline. The venous blood was taken from the same donor. PRP was prepared by centrifugation (200 × g for 10 minutes twice) and activated by 10% calcium chloride (10 : 1). Then 24 female nude mice [weighing (20 ± 3) g, 5-week-old] were allocated randomly to the experimental group and the control group (12 mice per group). Each subcutaneous layer of two sides of the back (experimental group) was infiltrated with 0.8 mL fat tissue-activated PRP mixtures (10 : 2); the control group was infiltrated with 0.8 mL fat tissue-saline mixtures (10 : 2); 0.14 mL activated PRP and 0.14 mL saline were injected into the experimental group and the control group respectively at 5 and 10 days after the first operation. At 15, 30, 90, and 180 days after the first operation, the samples were harvested for gross and histological observations. Results All nude mice survived to the end of the experiment. No inflammation and abscess formation of the graft were observed. Experimental group was better than control group in angiogenesis, liquefaction, and necrosis. The grafted fat weight and volume in the experimental group were significantly larger than those in the control group at 15, 30, and 90 days (P lt; 0.05); but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups at 180 days (P gt; 0.05). Histological observation showed good morphological and well-distributed adipocytes, increasing vacuoles, few necrosis and calcification in the experimental group; but disordered distribution, obvious necrosis, and calcification in the control group. The necrosis area ratio of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P lt; 0.05), and the number of micro-vessels was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 15 and 180 days (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The method of repeatedly using the PRP within 180 days in assisting fat grafts can obviously improve the survival and quality.

Citation： LI Junjie,SHI Xiao,CHEN Wei. INFLUENCE OF REPEATEDLY INJECTING PLATELET-RICH PLASMA ON SURVIVAL AND QUALITY OF FAT GRAFTS IN NUDE MICE. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013, 27(4): 454-459. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20130104 Copy

1.	Ersek RA. Transplantation of purified autologous fat: a 3-year follow-up is disappointing. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1991, 87(2): 219-228.
2.	Chan CW, McCulley SJ, Macmillan RD. Autologous fat transfer—a review of the literature with a focus on breast cancer surgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2008, 61(12): 1438-1448.
3.	Mu DL, Luan J, Mu L, et al. Breast augmentation by autologous fat injection grafting: management and clinical analysis of complications. Ann Plast Surg, 2009, 63(2): 124-127.
4.	Villani F, Caviggioli F, Giannasi S, et al. Current applications and safety of autologous fat grafts: a report of the ASPS Fat Graft Task Force. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2010, 125(2): 758-759.
5.	Delay E, Garson S, Tousson G, et al. Fat injection to the breast: technique, results, and indications based on 880 procedures over 10 years. Aesthet Surg J, 2009, 29(5): 360-376.
6.	Zhong X, Yan W, He X, et al. Improved fat graft viability by delayed fat flap with ischaemic pretreatment. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2009, 62(4): 526-531.
7.	Topcu A, Aydin OE, Ünlü M, et al. Increasing the viability of fat grafts by vascular endothelial growth factor. Arch Facial Plast Surg, 2012, 14(4): 270-276.
8.	Pires Fraga MF, Nishio RT, Ishikawa RS, et al. Increased survival of free fat grafts with platelet-rich plasma in rabbits. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010, 63(12): e818-822.
9.	Berghoff WJ, Pietrzak WS, Rhodes RD. Platelet-rich plasma application during closure following total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics, 2006, 29(7): 590-598.
10.	陈素雅, 蔡华雄. 自体来源富血小板血浆对大鼠牙髓细胞增殖作用的研究. 中华老年口腔医学杂志, 2011, 9(4): 201-204, 209.
11.	Cervelli V, Gentile P, Scioli MG, et al. Application of platelet-rich plasma in plastic surgery: clinical and in vitro evaluation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 2009, 15(4): 625-634.
12.	令狐大科, 张海霞, 谭新颖, 等. 富含血小板血浆对组织工程脂肪移植效果的影响. 中国美容医学, 2012, 21(2): 250-252.
13.	Oh DS, Cheon YW, Jeon YR, et al. Activated platelet-rich plasma improves fat graft survival in nude mice: a pilot study. Dermatol Surg, 2011, 37(5): 619-625.
14.	Por YC, Yeow VK, Louri N, et al. Platelet-rich plasma has no effect on increasing free fat graft survival in the nude mouse. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2009, 62(8): 1030-1034.
15.	袁艺, 鲁峰, 高建华. 脂肪来源干细胞促进颗粒脂肪游离移植后再血管化的机制. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(9): 1125-1129.
16.	苏明宝, 王一平, 王旭飞. 切口脂肪液化20例诊治体会. 中国实用外科杂志, 1999, 19(3): 144-145.
17.	张兆祥, 顾纪容, 黄利呜, 等. 乳腺脂肪坏死的病理变化和临床诊断. 中国普通外科杂志, 1995, 4(6): 334-336.
18.	Yi CG, Xia W, Zhang LX, et al. VEGF gene therapy for the survival of transplanted fat tissue in nude mice. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2007, 60(3): 272-278.
19.	Gundersen HJ, Bendtsen TF, Korbo L, et al. Some new, simple and efficient stereological methods and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. APMIS, 1988, 96(5): 379-394.
20.	黎洪棉, 柳大烈, 吴涛, 等. 早期应用富血小板血浆凝胶对自体脂肪组织移植存活率的影响. 中国组织工程研究与临床康复, 2011, 15(31): 5751-5755.
21.	Craft RO, Rophael J, Morrison WA, et al. Effect of local, long-term delivery of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on injected fat graft survival in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2009, 62(2): 235-243.
22.	Chung CW, Marra KG, Li H, et al. VEGF microsphere technology to enhance vascularization in fat grafting. Ann Plast Surg, 2012, 69(2): 213-219.
23.	Park B, Kong JS, Kang S, et al. The effect of epidermal growth factor on autogenous fat graft. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2011, 35(5): 738-744.
24.	Marra KG, Defail AJ, Clavijo-Alvarez JA, et al. FGF-2 enhances vascularization for adipose tissue engineering. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008, 121(4): 1153-1164.
25.	张云松, 何井华, 戴丽冰, 等. 富血小板血浆对血管内皮细胞增殖及血管形成的影响. 实用医学杂志, 2011, 27(7): 1145-1147.
26.	Rodríguez-Flores J, Palomar-Gallego MA, Enguita-Valls AB, et al. Influence of platelet-rich plasma on the histologic characteristics of the autologous fat graft to the upper lip of rabbits. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2011, 35(4): 480-486.
27.	Bendinelli P, Matteucci E, Dogliotti G, et al. Molecular basis of anti-inflammatory action of platelet-rich plasma on human chondrocytes: mechanisms of NF-kB inhibition via HGF. J Cell Physiol, 2010, 225(3): 757-766.

1. Ersek RA. Transplantation of purified autologous fat: a 3-year follow-up is disappointing. Plast Reconstr Surg, 1991, 87(2): 219-228.
2. Chan CW, McCulley SJ, Macmillan RD. Autologous fat transfer—a review of the literature with a focus on breast cancer surgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2008, 61(12): 1438-1448.
3. Mu DL, Luan J, Mu L, et al. Breast augmentation by autologous fat injection grafting: management and clinical analysis of complications. Ann Plast Surg, 2009, 63(2): 124-127.
4. Villani F, Caviggioli F, Giannasi S, et al. Current applications and safety of autologous fat grafts: a report of the ASPS Fat Graft Task Force. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2010, 125(2): 758-759.
5. Delay E, Garson S, Tousson G, et al. Fat injection to the breast: technique, results, and indications based on 880 procedures over 10 years. Aesthet Surg J, 2009, 29(5): 360-376.
6. Zhong X, Yan W, He X, et al. Improved fat graft viability by delayed fat flap with ischaemic pretreatment. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2009, 62(4): 526-531.
7. Topcu A, Aydin OE, Ünlü M, et al. Increasing the viability of fat grafts by vascular endothelial growth factor. Arch Facial Plast Surg, 2012, 14(4): 270-276.
8. Pires Fraga MF, Nishio RT, Ishikawa RS, et al. Increased survival of free fat grafts with platelet-rich plasma in rabbits. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2010, 63(12): e818-822.
9. Berghoff WJ, Pietrzak WS, Rhodes RD. Platelet-rich plasma application during closure following total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics, 2006, 29(7): 590-598.
10. 陈素雅, 蔡华雄. 自体来源富血小板血浆对大鼠牙髓细胞增殖作用的研究. 中华老年口腔医学杂志, 2011, 9(4): 201-204, 209.
11. Cervelli V, Gentile P, Scioli MG, et al. Application of platelet-rich plasma in plastic surgery: clinical and in vitro evaluation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 2009, 15(4): 625-634.
12. 令狐大科, 张海霞, 谭新颖, 等. 富含血小板血浆对组织工程脂肪移植效果的影响. 中国美容医学, 2012, 21(2): 250-252.
13. Oh DS, Cheon YW, Jeon YR, et al. Activated platelet-rich plasma improves fat graft survival in nude mice: a pilot study. Dermatol Surg, 2011, 37(5): 619-625.
14. Por YC, Yeow VK, Louri N, et al. Platelet-rich plasma has no effect on increasing free fat graft survival in the nude mouse. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2009, 62(8): 1030-1034.
15. 袁艺, 鲁峰, 高建华. 脂肪来源干细胞促进颗粒脂肪游离移植后再血管化的机制. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(9): 1125-1129.
16. 苏明宝, 王一平, 王旭飞. 切口脂肪液化20例诊治体会. 中国实用外科杂志, 1999, 19(3): 144-145.
17. 张兆祥, 顾纪容, 黄利呜, 等. 乳腺脂肪坏死的病理变化和临床诊断. 中国普通外科杂志, 1995, 4(6): 334-336.
18. Yi CG, Xia W, Zhang LX, et al. VEGF gene therapy for the survival of transplanted fat tissue in nude mice. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2007, 60(3): 272-278.
19. Gundersen HJ, Bendtsen TF, Korbo L, et al. Some new, simple and efficient stereological methods and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. APMIS, 1988, 96(5): 379-394.
20. 黎洪棉, 柳大烈, 吴涛, 等. 早期应用富血小板血浆凝胶对自体脂肪组织移植存活率的影响. 中国组织工程研究与临床康复, 2011, 15(31): 5751-5755.
21. Craft RO, Rophael J, Morrison WA, et al. Effect of local, long-term delivery of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on injected fat graft survival in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 2009, 62(2): 235-243.
22. Chung CW, Marra KG, Li H, et al. VEGF microsphere technology to enhance vascularization in fat grafting. Ann Plast Surg, 2012, 69(2): 213-219.
23. Park B, Kong JS, Kang S, et al. The effect of epidermal growth factor on autogenous fat graft. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2011, 35(5): 738-744.
24. Marra KG, Defail AJ, Clavijo-Alvarez JA, et al. FGF-2 enhances vascularization for adipose tissue engineering. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008, 121(4): 1153-1164.
25. 张云松, 何井华, 戴丽冰, 等. 富血小板血浆对血管内皮细胞增殖及血管形成的影响. 实用医学杂志, 2011, 27(7): 1145-1147.
26. Rodríguez-Flores J, Palomar-Gallego MA, Enguita-Valls AB, et al. Influence of platelet-rich plasma on the histologic characteristics of the autologous fat graft to the upper lip of rabbits. Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2011, 35(4): 480-486.
27. Bendinelli P, Matteucci E, Dogliotti G, et al. Molecular basis of anti-inflammatory action of platelet-rich plasma on human chondrocytes: mechanisms of NF-kB inhibition via HGF. J Cell Physiol, 2010, 225(3): 757-766.

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