EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHITOSAN/ALLOGENEIC BONE POWDER COMPOSITE POROUS SCAFFOLD TO REPAIR BONE DEFECTS IN RATS_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

KANGXiangang ¹ , ZHAOZhiyuan ¹ , WUXuzhi ¹ , SHENQingxin ¹ ,  WANGZhiqiang ² , KANGYue ³ , XINGZhenguang ¹ , ZHANGTao ¹

1. The First Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai Hebei, 054000, P.R.China;
2. Department of Orthopedics, the North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital;
3. Shanxi Medical Tissue Bank;

Corresponding author：

WANGZhiqiang, Email: wzhqde@163.com

Keywords：

Bone tissue engineering; Scaffold material; Chitosan; Allogeneic bone; Rat

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20160059

Video：

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Objective To explore the feasibility of chitosan/allogeneic bone powder composite porous scaffold as scaffold material of bone tissue engineering in repairing bone defect. Methods The composite porous scaffolds were prepared with chitosan and decalcified allogeneic bone powder at a ratio of 1∶5 by vacuum freeze-drying technique. Chitosan scaffold served as control. Ethanol alternative method was used to measure its porosity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to measure pore size. The hole of 3.5 mm in diameter was made on the bilateral femoral condyles of 40 adult Sprague Dawley rats. The composite porous scaffolds and chitosan scaffolds were implanted into the hole of the left femoral condyle (experimental group) and the hole of the right femoral condyle (control group), respectively. At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation, the tissues were harvested for gross observation, histological observation, and immunohistochemical staining. Results The composite porous scaffold prepared by vacuum freeze-drying technique had yellowish color, and brittle and easily broken texture; pore size was mostly 200-300μm; and the porosity was 76.8%±1.1%, showing no significant difference when compared with the porosity of pure chitosan scaffold (78.4%±1.4%) (t=-2.10, P=0.09). The gross observation and histological observation showed that the defect area was filled with new bone with time, and new bone of the experimental group was significantly more than that of the control group. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation, the bone forming area of the experimental group was significantly larger than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The immunohistochemical staining results showed that osteoprotegerin (OPG) positive expression was found in the experimental group at different time points, and the positive expression level was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Chitosan/allogeneic bone powder composite porous scaffold has suitable porosity and good osteogenic activity, so it is a good material for repairing bone defect, and its bone forming volume and bone formation rate are better than those of pure chitosan scaffold.

Citation： KANGXiangang, ZHAOZhiyuan, WUXuzhi, SHENQingxin, WANGZhiqiang, KANGYue, XINGZhenguang, ZHANGTao. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHITOSAN/ALLOGENEIC BONE POWDER COMPOSITE POROUS SCAFFOLD TO REPAIR BONE DEFECTS IN RATS. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2016, 30(3): 298-302. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20160059 Copy

1.	郭睿, 农晓琳.复合支架材料在口腔骨组织工程领域的研究与进展.口腔生物医学, 2012, 3(3): 155-158.
2.	魏冀荣, 章莹.骨移植支架材料的理论研究与临床应用.中国组织工程, 2012, 16(47): 8880-8884.
3.	Holt GE, Halpern JL, Dovan TT, et al. Evolution of an in vivo bioreactor. J Orthop Res, 2005, 23(4): 916-923.
4.	Xu HH, Simon CG Jr. Fast setting calcium phosphate-chitosan scaffold: mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Biomaterials, 2005, 26(12): 1337-1348.
5.	Hsu FY, Tsai SW, Lan CW, et al. An in vivo study of a bone grafting material consisting of hydroxyapatite and reconstituted collagen. J Mater Sci Mater Med, 2005, 16(4): 341-345.
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7.	宋雪莲, 于静涛, 刘扬, 等.壳聚糖在骨组织工程中应用研究进展.中国实用口腔科杂志, 2013, 6(5): 306-310.
8.	张屹, 陈建常, 史振满.异体骨支架及其衍生材料治疗骨缺损的研究现状及进展.中国矫形外科杂志, 2014, 22(14): 1277-1279.
9.	杨树青, 苏立新, 王志强, 等.两种不同比例壳聚糖复合同种异体颗粒骨修复兔桡骨节段性缺损的对比研究.中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(7): 877-883.
10.	陈海霞, 谢志刚.骨组织工程支架材料:脱矿骨基质.中国组织工程研究, 2014, 18(3): 426-431.
11.	Wang Y, Huang YC, Gertzman AA, et al. Endogenous regeneration of critical-size chondral defects in immunocompromised rat xiphoid cartilage using decellularzed human bone matrix scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A, 2012, 18(21-22): 2332-2342.
12.	Kirk JF, Ritter G, Waters C, et al. Osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity of NanoFUSE(®) DBM. Cell Tissue Bank, 2012, 14(1): 33-44.
13.	Kumar JP, Lakshmi L, Jyothsna V, et al. Synthesis and characterization of diopside particles and their suitability along with chitosan matrix for bone tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo. J Biomed Nanotechnol, 2014, 10(6): 970-981.
14.	Yasuda H, Shima N, Nakagawa N, et al. Osteoclast differentiation factor is a ligand for osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis-inhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE/RANKL. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1998, 95(7): 3597-3602.
15.	Simonet WS, Lacey DL, Dumstan CR, et al. Osteoprotegerin: a novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density. Cell, 1997, 89(2): 309-319.
16.	刘健, 宋晖.骨保护素对破骨细胞的影响程度分析.中国生化药物杂志, 2015, 35(3): 65-68.
17.	郑扬, 李危石, 刘忠军.骨组织3D打印:骨再生的未来.北京大学报(医学版), 2015, 47(2): 203-206.
18.	Yang J, Cai H, Lv J, et al. In vivo study of a self-stabilizing artificial vertebral body fabricated by electron beam melting. Spin (Phila Pa 1976), 2014, 39(8): E486-E492.

1. 郭睿, 农晓琳.复合支架材料在口腔骨组织工程领域的研究与进展.口腔生物医学, 2012, 3(3): 155-158.
2. 魏冀荣, 章莹.骨移植支架材料的理论研究与临床应用.中国组织工程, 2012, 16(47): 8880-8884.
3. Holt GE, Halpern JL, Dovan TT, et al. Evolution of an in vivo bioreactor. J Orthop Res, 2005, 23(4): 916-923.
4. Xu HH, Simon CG Jr. Fast setting calcium phosphate-chitosan scaffold: mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Biomaterials, 2005, 26(12): 1337-1348.
5. Hsu FY, Tsai SW, Lan CW, et al. An in vivo study of a bone grafting material consisting of hydroxyapatite and reconstituted collagen. J Mater Sci Mater Med, 2005, 16(4): 341-345.
6. 杨志明.组织工程基础与临床.成都:四川科学技术出版社, 2000: 1-11.
7. 宋雪莲, 于静涛, 刘扬, 等.壳聚糖在骨组织工程中应用研究进展.中国实用口腔科杂志, 2013, 6(5): 306-310.
8. 张屹, 陈建常, 史振满.异体骨支架及其衍生材料治疗骨缺损的研究现状及进展.中国矫形外科杂志, 2014, 22(14): 1277-1279.
9. 杨树青, 苏立新, 王志强, 等.两种不同比例壳聚糖复合同种异体颗粒骨修复兔桡骨节段性缺损的对比研究.中国修复重建外科杂志, 2011, 25(7): 877-883.
10. 陈海霞, 谢志刚.骨组织工程支架材料:脱矿骨基质.中国组织工程研究, 2014, 18(3): 426-431.
11. Wang Y, Huang YC, Gertzman AA, et al. Endogenous regeneration of critical-size chondral defects in immunocompromised rat xiphoid cartilage using decellularzed human bone matrix scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A, 2012, 18(21-22): 2332-2342.
12. Kirk JF, Ritter G, Waters C, et al. Osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity of NanoFUSE(®) DBM. Cell Tissue Bank, 2012, 14(1): 33-44.
13. Kumar JP, Lakshmi L, Jyothsna V, et al. Synthesis and characterization of diopside particles and their suitability along with chitosan matrix for bone tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo. J Biomed Nanotechnol, 2014, 10(6): 970-981.
14. Yasuda H, Shima N, Nakagawa N, et al. Osteoclast differentiation factor is a ligand for osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis-inhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE/RANKL. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1998, 95(7): 3597-3602.
15. Simonet WS, Lacey DL, Dumstan CR, et al. Osteoprotegerin: a novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density. Cell, 1997, 89(2): 309-319.
16. 刘健, 宋晖.骨保护素对破骨细胞的影响程度分析.中国生化药物杂志, 2015, 35(3): 65-68.
17. 郑扬, 李危石, 刘忠军.骨组织3D打印:骨再生的未来.北京大学报(医学版), 2015, 47(2): 203-206.
18. Yang J, Cai H, Lv J, et al. In vivo study of a self-stabilizing artificial vertebral body fabricated by electron beam melting. Spin (Phila Pa 1976), 2014, 39(8): E486-E492.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CHITOSAN/ALLOGENEIC BONE POWDER COMPOSITE POROUS SCAFFOLD TO REPAIR BONE DEFECTS IN RATS

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