Progress in antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification strategy of titanium-based implants_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

LIU Peng ^1,2 , FAN Bo ² , ZOU Lei ² , LÜ Lijun ² ,  GAO Qiuming ²

1. First School of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P. R. China;
2. Orthopaedic Center, the 940th Hospital of Chinese PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou Gansu, 730000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

GAO Qiuming, Email: zldl@gszy.edu.cn

Keywords：

Titanium; surface modification; coating; antibacterial; osteogenesis

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.202306025

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To review antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification strategy of titanium-based implants, so as to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods The related research literature on antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification strategy of titanium-based implants in recent years was reviewed, and the research progress was summarized based on different kinds of antibacterial substances and osteogenic active substances. Results At present, the antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification strategy of titanium-based implants includes: ① Combined coating strategy of antibiotics and osteogenic active substances. It is characterized in that antibiotics can be directly released around titanium-based implants, which can improve the bioavailability of drugs and reduce systemic toxicity. ② Combined coating strategy of antimicrobial peptides and osteogenic active substances. The antibacterial peptides have a wide antibacterial spectrum, and bacteria are not easy to produce drug resistance to them. ③ Combined coating strategy of inorganic antibacterial agent and osteogenic active substances. Metal ions or metal nanoparticles antibacterial agents have broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and various antibacterial mechanisms, but their high-dose application usually has cytotoxicity, so they are often combined with substances that osteogenic activity to reduce or eliminate cytotoxicity. In addition, inorganic coatings such as silicon nitride, calcium silicate, and graphene also have good antibacterial and osteogenic properties. ④ Combined coating strategy of metal organic frameworks/osteogenic active substances. The high specific surface area and porosity of metal organic frameworks can effectively package and transport antibacterial substances and bioactive molecules. ⑤ Combined coating strategy of organic substances/osteogenic active substancecs. Quaternary ammonium compounds, polyethylene glycol, N-haloamine, and other organic compounds have good antibacterial properties, and are often combined with hydroxyapatite and other substances that osteogenic activity. Conclusion The factors that affect the antibacterial and osteogenesis properties of titanium-based implants mainly include the structure and types of antibacterial substances, the structure and types of osteogenesis substances, and the coating process. At present, there is a lack of clinical verification of various strategies for antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification of titanium-based implants. The optimal combination, ratio, dose-effect mechanism, and corresponding coating preparation process of antibacterial substances and bone-active substances are needed to be constantly studied and improved.

Citation： LIU Peng, FAN Bo, ZOU Lei, LÜ Lijun, GAO Qiuming. Progress in antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification strategy of titanium-based implants. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2023, 37(10): 1300-1313. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202306025 Copy

1.	Shao L, Du Y, Dai K, et al. β-Ti alloys for orthopedic and dental applications: A review of progress on improvement of properties through surface modification. Coatings, 2021, 11(12): 1446.
2.	Hu X, Kenan S, Cheng M, et al. 3D-printed patient-customized artificial vertebral body for spinal reconstruction after total en bloc spondylectomy of complex multi-level spinal tumors. Int J Bioprint, 2022, 8(3): 576.
3.	Ji R, Qi Z, Chen J, et al. Numerical and experimental investigation on the abrasive flow machining of artificial knee joint surface. Crystals, 2023, 13(430): 430.
4.	Vallet-Regí M, Lozano D, González B, et al. Biomaterials against bone infection. Adv Healthc Mater, 2020, 9(13): e2000310.
5.	Quinn J, McFadden R, Chan CW, et al. Titanium for orthopedic applications: an overview of surface modification to improve biocompatibility and prevent bacterial biofilm formation. iScience, 2020, 23(11): 101745.
6.	Lu Y, Cai WJ, Ren Z, et al. The role of Staphylococcal biofilm on the surface of implants in orthopedic infection. Microorganisms, 2022, 10(10): 1909.
7.	Rodríguez-Merchán EC, Davidson DJ, Liddle AD. Recent strategies to combat infections from biofilm-forming bacteria on orthopaedic implants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22(19): 10243.
8.	Han W, Fang S, Zhong Q, et al. Influence of dental implant surface modifications on osseointegration and biofilm attachment. Coatings, 2022, 12(11): 1654.
9.	Wang K, Jin H, Song Q, et al. Titanium dioxide nanotubes as drug carriers for infection control and osteogenesis of bone implants. Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2021, 11(4): 1456-1474.
10.	Djošić M, Janković A, Mišković-Stanković V. Electrophoretic deposition of biocompatible and bioactive hydroxyapatite-based coatings on titanium. Materials (Basel), 2021, 14(18): 5391.
11.	Hadzhieva Z, Boccaccini AR. Recent developments in electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of antibacterial coatings for biomedical applications-A review. Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering, 2022, 21: 100367.
12.	Fathi M, Akbari B, Taheriazam A. Antibiotics drug release controlling and osteoblast adhesion from Titania nanotubes arrays using silk fibroin coating. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019, 103: 109743.
13.	Esteban J, Vallet-Regí M, Aguilera-Correa JJ. Antibiotics- and heavy metals-based titanium alloy surface modifications for local prosthetic joint infections. Antibiotics (Basel), 2021, 10(10): 1270.
14.	Ma X, Gao Y, Zhao D, et al. Titanium implants and local drug delivery systems become mutual promoters in orthopedic clinics. Nanomaterials (Basel), 2021, 12(1): 47.
15.	Tsikopoulos K, Meroni G, Kaloudis P, et al. Is nanomaterial- and vancomycin-loaded polymer coating effective at preventing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus growth on titanium disks? An in vitro study. Int Orthop, 2023, 47(6): 1415-1422.
16.	Padrão T, Dias J, Carvalho Â, et al. Vancomycin-loaded bone substitute as a ready-to-use drug delivery system to treat osteomyelitis. Ceramics International, 2023, 49(15): 24771-24782.
17.	Zhang T, Wei Q, Zhou H, et al. Sustainable release of vancomycin from micro-arc oxidised 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bone infection and enhancing osteogenesis in a rabbit tibia osteomyelitis model. Biomaterials Science, 2020, 8(11): 3106-3115.
18.	Tiwari A, Sharma P, Vishwamitra B, et al. Review on surface treatment for implant infection via gentamicin and antibiotic releasing coatings. Coatings, 2021, 11(11): 1006.
19.	He LJ, Hao JC, Dai L, et al. Layer-by-layer assembly of gentamicin-based antibacterial multilayers on Ti alloy. Materials Letters, 2020, 261: 127001.
20.	Tan G, Xu J, Chirume WM, et al. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory coating materials for orthopedic implants: a review. Coatings, 2021, 11(11): 1401.
21.	Singh M, Gill AS, Deol PK, et al. Drug eluting titanium implants for localised drug delivery. Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 37(16): 2491-2511.
22.	Zhou Z, Cui J, Wu S, et al. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for cartilage/osteochondral repair. Theranostics, 2022, 12(11): 5103-5124.
23.	Xu C, Xia Y, Wang L, et al. Polydopamine-assisted immobilization of silk fibroin and its derived peptide on chemically oxidized titanium to enhance biological activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol, 2021, 185: 1022-1035.
24.	Wenhao Z, Zhang T, Yan J, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of structurally-controlled silk fibroin coatings for orthopedic infection and in-situ osteogenesis. Acta Biomaterialia, 2020, 116: 223-245.
25.	Wang M, Wang C, Zhang Y, et al. Controlled release of dopamine coatings on titanium bidirectionally regulate osteoclastic and osteogenic response behaviors. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 129: 112376.
26.	He F, Li J, Wang Y, et al. Design of cefotaxime sodium-loaded polydopamine coatings with controlled surface roughness for titanium implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng, 2022, 8(11): 4751-4763.
27.	Zhang Y, Dou L, Zhang F. Minocycline-modified pure titanium has good antibacterial properties and improves the osteogenesis of bone marrow stem cells. (2020-03-10)[2023-09-05]. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-16520/v1.
28.	Guarise C, Maglio M, Sartori M, et al. Titanium implant coating based on dopamine-functionalized sulphated hyaluronic acid: in vivo assessment of biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 128: 112286.
29.	He R, Sui J, Wang G, et al. Polydopamine and hyaluronic acid immobilisation on vancomycin-loaded titanium nanotube for prophylaxis of implant infections. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2022, 216: 112582.
30.	Liu Z, Wang K, Peng X, et al. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems: Current strategic design and potential application in human hard tissue repair. European Polymer Journal, 2022, 166(5): 110979.
31.	Harris M, Alexander C, Wells C M, et al. Chitosan for the delivery of antibiotics. Chitosan Based Biomaterials, 2017, 2: 147-173.
32.	De Giglio E, Trapani A, Cafagna D, et al. Ciprofloxacin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as titanium coatings: a valuable strategy to prevent implant-associated infections. Nano Biomedicine & Engineering, 2012, 4(4): 163-169.
33.	Yang CC, Lin CC, Yen SK. Electrochemical deposition of vancomycin/chitosan composite on Ti alloy. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2011, 158(12): E152.
34.	Chen ST, Chien HW, Cheng CY, et al. Drug-release dynamics and antibacterial activities of chitosan/cefazolin coatings on Ti implants. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2021, 159: 106385.
35.	Ordikhani F, Simchi A. Long-term antibiotic delivery by chitosan-based composite coatings with bone regenerative potential. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 317(30): 56-66.
36.	Patel KD, El-Fiqi A, Lee H Y, et al. Chitosan–nanobioactive glass electrophoretic coatings with bone regenerative and drug delivering potential. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22(47): 24945-24956.
37.	Patel KD, Singh RK, Lee EJ, et al. Tailoring solubility and drug release from electrophoretic deposited chitosan–gelatin films on titanium. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2014, 242: 232-236.
38.	Ballarre J, Aydemir T, Liverani L, et al. Versatile bioactive and antibacterial coating system based on silica, gentamicin, and chitosan: Improving early stage performance of titanium implants. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 381: 125-138.
39.	Yang CC, Lin CC, Liao JW, et al. Vancomycin-chitosan composite deposited on post porous hydroxyapatite coated Ti6Al4V implant for drug controlled release. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2013, 33(4): 2203-2212.
40.	Tang Q, Zhang X, Shen K, et al. Dual-functionalized titanium for enhancing osteogenic and antibacterial properties. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2021, 44: 100481.
41.	Nichol T, Callaghan J, Townsend R, et al. The antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of a controlled gentamicin-releasing single-layer sol-gel coating on hydroxyapatite-coated titanium. Bone Joint J, 2021, 103(3): 522-529.
42.	Tong S, Sun X, Wu A, et al. Improved biocompatibility of TiO₂ nanotubes via co-precipitation loading with hydroxyapatite and gentamicin. Coatings, 2021, 11(10): 1191.
43.	张利兴, 田昂, 李锡, 等. TiO₂纳米管/羟基磷灰石载万古霉素涂层的释药性及生物毒性. 中国组织工程研究, 2021, 25(10): 1500-1506.
44.	Nowruzi F, Imani R, Faghihi S. Effect of electrochemical oxidation and drug loading on the antibacterial properties and cell biocompatibility of titanium substrates. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 8595.
45.	Suchý T, Vištejnová L, Šupová M, et al. Vancomycin-loaded collagen/hydroxyapatite layers electrospun on 3D printed titanium implants prevent bone destruction associated with s. epidermidis infection and enhance osseointegration. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(5): 531.
46.	Soylu HM, Chevallier P, Copes F, et al. A novel strategy to coat dopamine-functionalized titanium surfaces with agarose-based hydrogels for the controlled release of gentamicin. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2021, 11: 678081.
47.	Decker AP, Mechesso AF, Wang G. Expanding the landscape of amino acid-rich antimicrobial peptides: definition, deployment in nature, implications for peptide design and therapeutic potential. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23(21): 12874.
48.	Abbasizadeh N, Rezayan AH, Nourmohammadi J, et al. HHC-36 antimicrobial peptide loading on silk fibroin (SF)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanofibrous-coated titanium for the enhancement of osteoblast and bactericidal functions. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 2019, 69: 629-639.
49.	Liu HW, Wei DX, Deng JZ, et al. Combined antibacterial and osteogenic in situ effects of a bifunctional titanium alloy with nanoscale hydroxyapatite coating. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2018, 46(sup3): S460-S470.
50.	Tang Q, Wang W, Zhang X, et al. Bi-functionalization of titanium with a mixture of peptides for improving its osteogenic and antibacterial activity. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2022, 51: 100673.
51.	Wang B, Lan J, Qiao H, et al. Porous surface with fusion peptides embedded in strontium titanate nanotubes elevates osteogenic and antibacterial activity of additively manufactured titanium alloy. Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces, 2023, 224: 113188.
52.	Guo Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, et al. Advances and challenges in metallic nanomaterial synthesis and antibacterial applications. J Mater Chem B, 2020, 8(22): 4764-4777.
53.	Alavi M, Rai M. Recent advances in antibacterial applications of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal nanocomposites (MNCs) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2019, 17(6): 419-428.
54.	Haugen HJ, Makhtari S, Ahmadi S, et al. The antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles coated titanium implants: a narrative review. Materials (Basel), 2022, 15(14): 5025.
55.	Fazel M, Salimijazi HR, Shamanian M, et al. Osteogenic and antibacterial surfaces on additively manufactured porous Ti-6Al-4V implants: Combining silver nanoparticles with hydrothermally synthesized HA nanocrystals. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 120: 111745.
56.	Yan YJ, Zhang XJ, Huang Y, et al. Antibacterial and bioactivity of silver substituted hydroxyapatite/TiO₂ nanotube composite coatings on titanium. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 314: 348-357.
57.	Sobolev A, Valkov A, Kossenko A, et al. Bioactive coating on Ti alloy with high osseointegration and antibacterial Ag nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2019, 11(43): 39534-39544.
58.	Rahnejat B, Nemati NH, Sadrnezhaad SK, et al. Promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation on functionalized and laser treated titanium substrate using hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate/silver nanoparticles. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2023, 293: 126885.
59.	Oleshko O, Liubchak I, Husak Y, et al. In vitro biological characterization of silver-doped anodic oxide coating on titanium. Materials (Basel), 2020, 13(19): 4359.
60.	Wang B, Wu Z, Lan J, et al. Surface modification of titanium implants by silk fibroin/Ag co-functionalized strontium titanate nanotubes for inhibition of bacterial-associated infection and enhancement of in vivo osseointegration. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2021, 405: 126700.
61.	Zhang Y, Dong C, Yang S, et al. Enhanced silver loaded antibacterial titanium implant coating with novel hierarchical effect. J Biomater Appl, 2018, 32(9): 1289-1299.
62.	Cheng YF, Zhang JY, Wang YB, et al. Deposition of catechol-functionalized chitosan and silver nanoparticles on biomedical titanium surfaces for antibacterial application. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019, 98: 649-656.
63.	Gunputh UF, Le H, Lawton K, et al. Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles grown in situ and anchored to titanium dioxide nanotubes on titanium implant against Staphylococcus aureus. Nanotoxicology, 2020, 14(1): 97-110.
64.	Li Y, Yang Y, Li R, et al. Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques. Int J Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 7217-7236.
65.	Huang T, Yan G, Guan M. Zinc homeostasis in bone: zinc transporters and bone diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(4): 1236.
66.	Li Y, Yang Y, Qing Y, et al. Enhancing ZnO-NP antibacterial and osteogenesis properties in orthopedic applications: a review. Int J Nanomedicine, 2020, 15: 6247-6262.
67.	Sreya PV, Mathew AM, Chukwuike VI, et al. Zinc oxide decorated titania nanostructured layer over Ti metal as a biocompatible and antimicrobial surface for biomedical application. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2022, 33: 102275.
68.	Wan Y, Zhao Z, Yu M, et al. Osteogenic and antibacterial ability of micro-nano structures coated with ZnO on Ti-6Al-4V implant fabricated by two-step laser processing. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2022, 131: 240-252.
69.	Maimaiti B, Zhang N, Yan L, et al. Stable ZnO-doped hydroxyapatite nanocoating for anti-infection and osteogenic on titanium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2020, 186: 110731.
70.	Gunputh UF, Le H, Besinis A, et al. Multilayered composite coatings of titanium dioxide nanotubes decorated with zinc oxide and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: controlled release of Zn and antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 3583-3600.
71.	Wang Z, Mei L, Liu X, et al. Hierarchically hybrid biocoatings on Ti implants for enhanced antibacterial activity and osteogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2021, 204: 111802.
72.	Zhu Y, Liu X, Yeung K W K, et al. Biofunctionalization of carbon nanotubes/chitosan hybrids on Ti implants by atom layer deposited ZnO nanostructures. Applied Surface Science, 2017, 400: 14-23.
73.	Pang S, He Y, Zhong R, et al. Multifunctional ZnO/TiO₂ nanoarray composite coating with antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility and piezoelectricity. Ceramics International, 2019, 45(10): 12663-12671.
74.	Xie M, Zhong Y, Wang S, et al. EGCG/Zn coating on titanium implants by one-step hydrothermal method for improving anticorrosion, antibacterial and osteogenesis properties. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2022, 292: 126872.
75.	Liu R, Tang Y, Liu H, et al. Effects of combined chemical design (Cu addition) and topographical modification (SLA) of Ti-Cu/SLA for promoting osteogenic, angiogenic and antibacterial activities. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2020, 47: 202-215.
76.	Zhang Y, Cui S, Cao S, et al. To improve the angiogenesis of endothelial cells on Ti-Cu alloy by the synergistic effects of Cu ions release and surface nanostructure. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2022, 433: 128116.
77.	Wu Q, Li J, Zhang W, et al. Antibacterial property, angiogenic and osteogenic activity of Cu-incorporated TiO₂ coating. J Mater Chem B, 2014, 2(39): 6738-6748.
78.	Huang Y, Zhang X, Zhao R, et al. Antibacterial efficacy, corrosion resistance, and cytotoxicity studies of copper-substituted carbonated hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate. Journal of Materials Science, 2015, 50: 1688-1700.
79.	Pierre C, Bertrand G, Pavy I, et al. Antibacterial electrodeposited copper-doped calcium phosphate coatings for dental implants. J Funct Biomater, 2022, 14(1): 20.
80.	Liu H, Tang Y, Zhang S, et al. Anti-infection mechanism of a novel dental implant made of titanium-copper (TiCu) alloy and its mechanism associated with oral microbiology. Bioactive Materials, 2022, 8: 381-395.
81.	Zhang Y, Fu S, Yang L, et al. A nano-structured TiO₂/CuO/Cu₂O coating on Ti-Cu alloy with dual function of antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2022, 97: 201-212.
82.	Liu H, Liu R, Ullah I, et al. Rough surface of copper-bearing titanium alloy with multifunctions of osteogenic ability and antibacterial activity. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2020, 48: 130-139.
83.	Liu Y, Wu J, Zhang H, et al. Covalent immobilization of the phytic acid-magnesium layer on titanium improves the osteogenic and antibacterial properties. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2021, 203: 111768.
84.	Li X, Wang M, Zhang W, et al. A magnesium-incorporated nanoporous titanium coating for rapid osseointegration. Int J Nanomedicine, 2020, 15: 6593-6603.
85.	Zaatreh S, Haffner D, Strauss M, et al. Thin magnesium layer confirmed as an antibacterial and biocompatible implant coating in a co-culture model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2017, 15(4): 1624-1630.
86.	Zhao Q, Yi L, Jiang L, et al. Osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability on titanium surfaces modified with magnesium-doped titanium dioxide coating. Nanomedicine, 2019, 14(9): 1109-1133.
87.	Zhang XM, Li Y, Gu YX, et al. Ta-coated titanium surface with superior bacteriostasis and osseointegration. Int J Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 8693-8706.
88.	Zhao QM, Sun YY, Wu CS, et al. Enhanced osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of manganese-titanium dioxide microporous coating on titanium surfaces. Nanotoxicology, 2020, 14(3): 289-309.
89.	Zhang X, Yin H, Xiao L, et al. Chitosan regulated electrochemistry for dense hydroxyapatite/MgO nanocomposite coating with antibiosis and osteogenesis on titanium alloy. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2022, 48: 100616.
90.	Chen L, Yan X, Tan L, et al. In vitro and in vivo characterization of novel calcium phosphate and magnesium (CaP-Mg) bilayer coated titanium for implantation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2019, 374: 784-796.
91.	Zhou J, Wang X. The osteogenic, anti-oncogenic and antibacterial activities of selenium-doped titanium dioxide coatings on titanium. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 403: 126408.
92.	Zhou J, Li B, Han Y. F-doped TiO₂ microporous coating on titanium with enhanced antibacterial and osteogenic activities. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 17858.
93.	Auñón Á, Esteban J, Doadrio AL, et al. Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infection is prevented by a fluorine- and phosphorus-doped nanostructured Ti-6Al-4V alloy loaded with gentamicin and vancomycin. J Orthop Res, 2020, 38(3): 588-597.
94.	Zanocco M, Boschetto F, Zhu W, et al. 3D-additive deposition of an antibacterial and osteogenic silicon nitride coating on orthopaedic titanium substrate. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2020, 103: 103557.
95.	Buga C, Chen CC, Hunyadi M, et al. Electrosprayed calcium silicate nanoparticle-coated titanium implant with improved antibacterial activity and osteogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2021, 202: 111699.
96.	Gu M, Lv L, Du F, et al. Effects of thermal treatment on the adhesion strength and osteoinductive activity of single-layer graphene sheets on titanium substrates. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 8141.
97.	Cheng H, Xiong W, Fang Z, et al. Strontium (Sr) and silver (Ag) loaded nanotubular structures with combined osteoinductive and antimicrobial activities. Acta Biomater, 2016, 31: 388-400.
98.	Yao L, Wang H, Li L, et al. Development and evaluation of osteogenesis and antibacterial properties of strontium/silver-functionalized hierarchical micro/nano-titanium implants. Materials & Design, 2022, 224: 111425.
99.	Han X, Ji X, Zhao M, et al. Mg/Ag ratios induced in vitro cell adhesion and preliminary antibacterial properties of TiN on medical Ti-6Al-4V alloy by Mg and Ag implantation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 397: 126020.
100.	Luo J, Mamat B, Yue Z, et al. Multi-metal ions doped hydroxyapatite coatings via electrochemical methods for antibacterial and osteogenesis. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2021, 43: 100435.
101.	Jin G, Qin H, Cao H, et al. Synergistic effects of dual Zn/Ag ion implantation in osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of titanium. Biomaterials, 2014, 35(27): 7699-7713.
102.	Zhang Y, Liu X, Li Z, et al. Nano Ag/ZnO-incorporated hydroxyapatite composite coatings: highly effective infection prevention and excellent osteointegration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2018, 10(1): 1266-1277.
103.	Zhu M, Fang J, Li Y, et al. The synergy of topographical micropatterning and ta\| tacu bilayered thin film on titanium implants enables dual-functions of enhanced osteogenesis and anti-infection. Adv Healthc Mater, 2021, 10(9): e2002020.
104.	Wang B, Wu Z, Wang S, et al. Mg/Cu-doped TiO₂ nanotube array: A novel dual-function system with self-antibacterial activity and excellent cell compatibility. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 128: 112322.
105.	Huang Y, Hao M, Nian X, et al. Strontium and copper co-substituted hydroxyapatite-based coatings with improved antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility fabricated by electrodeposition. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(10): 11876-11888.
106.	Li K, Tian H, Guo A, et al. Gallium (Ga)-strontium (Sr) layered double hydroxide composite coating on titanium substrates for enhanced osteogenic and antibacterial abilities. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2022, 110(2): 273-286.
107.	Zhang L, Guo J, Yan T, et al. Fibroblast responses and antibacterial activity of Cu and Zn co-doped TiO₂ for percutaneous implants. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 434: 633-642.
108.	Zhou J, Zhao L. Multifunction Sr, Co and F co-doped microporous coating on titanium of antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic activities. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 29069.
109.	Zhao Q, Yi L, Hu A, et al. Antibacterial and osteogenic activity of a multifunctional microporous coating codoped with Mg, Cu and F on titanium. J Mater Chem B, 2019, 7(14): 2284-2299.
110.	Wolf-Brandstetter C, Beutner R, Hess R, et al. Multifunctional calcium phosphate based coatings on titanium implants with integrated trace elements. Biomed Mater, 2020, 15(2): 025006.
111.	Huang Y, Zhang X, Mao H, et al. Osteoblastic cell responses and antibacterial efficacy of Cu/Zn co-substituted hydroxyapatite coatings on pure titanium using electrodeposition method. RSC advances, 2015, 5(22): 17076-17086.
112.	Shen X, Yie KHR, Wu X, et al. Improvement of aqueous stability and anti-osteoporosis properties of Zn-MOF coatings on titanium implants by hydrophobic raloxifene. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 430: 133094.
113.	Yan B, Tan J, Zhang H, et al. Constructing fluorine-doped Zr-MOF films on titanium for antibacteria, anti-inflammation, and osteogenesis. Biomater Adv, 2022, 134: 112699.
114.	Si Y, Liu H, Yu H, et al. MOF-derived CuO@ZnO modified titanium implant for synergistic antibacterial ability, osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2022, 219: 112840.
115.	Shen X, Zhang Y, Ma P, et al. Fabrication of magnesium/zinc-metal organic framework on titanium implants to inhibit bacterial infection and promote bone regeneration. Biomaterials, 2019, 212: 1-16.
116.	Zhang Y, Shen X, Ma P, et al. Composite coatings of Mg-MOF74 and Sr-substituted hydroxyapatite on titanium substrates for local antibacterial, anti-osteosarcoma and pro-osteogenesis applications. Materials Letters, 2019, 241: 18-22.
117.	Dan W, Gao J, Qi X, et al. Antibacterial quaternary ammonium agents: Chemical diversity and biological mechanism. Eur J Med Chem, 2022, 243: 114765.
118.	Zhou W, Wang X, Li Z, et al. Novel dual-functional implants via oxygen non-thermal plasma and quaternary ammonium to promote osteogenesis and combat infections. Dental Materials, 2022, 38(1): 169-182.
119.	Zhang F, Hu Q, Wei Y, et al. Surface modification of Titanium implants by pH-Responsive coating designed for Self-Adaptive antibacterial and promoted osseointegration. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 435: 134802.
120.	Zhou W, Peng X, Ma Y, et al. Two-staged time-dependent materials for the prevention of implant-related infections. Acta Biomater, 2020, 101: 128-140.
121.	Lin R, Wang Z, Li Z, et al. A two-phase and long-lasting multi-antibacterial coating enables titanium biomaterials to prevent implants-related infections. Mater Today Bio, 2022, 15: 100330.
122.	Olmos D, González-Benito J. Polymeric materials with antibacterial activity: A review. Polymers (Basel), 2021, 13(4): 613.
123.	Liu Y, He L, Li J, et al. Mussel-inspired organic–inorganic implant coating based on a layer-by-layer method for anti-infection and osteogenesis. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2022, 61(35): 13040-13051.
124.	Han M, Dong Z, Li J, et al. Mussel-inspired self-assembly engineered implant coatings for synergistic anti-infection and osteogenesis acceleration. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2021, 9(40): 8501-8511.
125.	Han H, Liu C, Zhu J, et al. Contact/release coordinated antibacterial cotton fabrics coated with N-halamine and cationic antibacterial agent for durable bacteria-killing application. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020, 21(18): 6531.
126.	Lan G, Chu X, Li C, et al. Surface modification of titanium with antibacterial porous N-halamine coating to prevent peri-implant infection. Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England), 2022, 18(1). Doi: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9e33.
127.	刘鹏, 高秋明, 吕利军等. 3D打印多孔钛合金在肿瘤切除术后应用的研究进展. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2022, 36(12): 1558-1565.

1. Shao L, Du Y, Dai K, et al. β-Ti alloys for orthopedic and dental applications: A review of progress on improvement of properties through surface modification. Coatings, 2021, 11(12): 1446.
2. Hu X, Kenan S, Cheng M, et al. 3D-printed patient-customized artificial vertebral body for spinal reconstruction after total en bloc spondylectomy of complex multi-level spinal tumors. Int J Bioprint, 2022, 8(3): 576.
3. Ji R, Qi Z, Chen J, et al. Numerical and experimental investigation on the abrasive flow machining of artificial knee joint surface. Crystals, 2023, 13(430): 430.
4. Vallet-Regí M, Lozano D, González B, et al. Biomaterials against bone infection. Adv Healthc Mater, 2020, 9(13): e2000310.
5. Quinn J, McFadden R, Chan CW, et al. Titanium for orthopedic applications: an overview of surface modification to improve biocompatibility and prevent bacterial biofilm formation. iScience, 2020, 23(11): 101745.
6. Lu Y, Cai WJ, Ren Z, et al. The role of Staphylococcal biofilm on the surface of implants in orthopedic infection. Microorganisms, 2022, 10(10): 1909.
7. Rodríguez-Merchán EC, Davidson DJ, Liddle AD. Recent strategies to combat infections from biofilm-forming bacteria on orthopaedic implants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22(19): 10243.
8. Han W, Fang S, Zhong Q, et al. Influence of dental implant surface modifications on osseointegration and biofilm attachment. Coatings, 2022, 12(11): 1654.
9. Wang K, Jin H, Song Q, et al. Titanium dioxide nanotubes as drug carriers for infection control and osteogenesis of bone implants. Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2021, 11(4): 1456-1474.
10. Djošić M, Janković A, Mišković-Stanković V. Electrophoretic deposition of biocompatible and bioactive hydroxyapatite-based coatings on titanium. Materials (Basel), 2021, 14(18): 5391.
11. Hadzhieva Z, Boccaccini AR. Recent developments in electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of antibacterial coatings for biomedical applications-A review. Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering, 2022, 21: 100367.
12. Fathi M, Akbari B, Taheriazam A. Antibiotics drug release controlling and osteoblast adhesion from Titania nanotubes arrays using silk fibroin coating. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019, 103: 109743.
13. Esteban J, Vallet-Regí M, Aguilera-Correa JJ. Antibiotics- and heavy metals-based titanium alloy surface modifications for local prosthetic joint infections. Antibiotics (Basel), 2021, 10(10): 1270.
14. Ma X, Gao Y, Zhao D, et al. Titanium implants and local drug delivery systems become mutual promoters in orthopedic clinics. Nanomaterials (Basel), 2021, 12(1): 47.
15. Tsikopoulos K, Meroni G, Kaloudis P, et al. Is nanomaterial- and vancomycin-loaded polymer coating effective at preventing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus growth on titanium disks? An in vitro study. Int Orthop, 2023, 47(6): 1415-1422.
16. Padrão T, Dias J, Carvalho Â, et al. Vancomycin-loaded bone substitute as a ready-to-use drug delivery system to treat osteomyelitis. Ceramics International, 2023, 49(15): 24771-24782.
17. Zhang T, Wei Q, Zhou H, et al. Sustainable release of vancomycin from micro-arc oxidised 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bone infection and enhancing osteogenesis in a rabbit tibia osteomyelitis model. Biomaterials Science, 2020, 8(11): 3106-3115.
18. Tiwari A, Sharma P, Vishwamitra B, et al. Review on surface treatment for implant infection via gentamicin and antibiotic releasing coatings. Coatings, 2021, 11(11): 1006.
19. He LJ, Hao JC, Dai L, et al. Layer-by-layer assembly of gentamicin-based antibacterial multilayers on Ti alloy. Materials Letters, 2020, 261: 127001.
20. Tan G, Xu J, Chirume WM, et al. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory coating materials for orthopedic implants: a review. Coatings, 2021, 11(11): 1401.
21. Singh M, Gill AS, Deol PK, et al. Drug eluting titanium implants for localised drug delivery. Journal of Materials Research, 2022, 37(16): 2491-2511.
22. Zhou Z, Cui J, Wu S, et al. Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for cartilage/osteochondral repair. Theranostics, 2022, 12(11): 5103-5124.
23. Xu C, Xia Y, Wang L, et al. Polydopamine-assisted immobilization of silk fibroin and its derived peptide on chemically oxidized titanium to enhance biological activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol, 2021, 185: 1022-1035.
24. Wenhao Z, Zhang T, Yan J, et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of structurally-controlled silk fibroin coatings for orthopedic infection and in-situ osteogenesis. Acta Biomaterialia, 2020, 116: 223-245.
25. Wang M, Wang C, Zhang Y, et al. Controlled release of dopamine coatings on titanium bidirectionally regulate osteoclastic and osteogenic response behaviors. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 129: 112376.
26. He F, Li J, Wang Y, et al. Design of cefotaxime sodium-loaded polydopamine coatings with controlled surface roughness for titanium implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng, 2022, 8(11): 4751-4763.
27. Zhang Y, Dou L, Zhang F. Minocycline-modified pure titanium has good antibacterial properties and improves the osteogenesis of bone marrow stem cells. (2020-03-10)[2023-09-05]. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-16520/v1.
28. Guarise C, Maglio M, Sartori M, et al. Titanium implant coating based on dopamine-functionalized sulphated hyaluronic acid: in vivo assessment of biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 128: 112286.
29. He R, Sui J, Wang G, et al. Polydopamine and hyaluronic acid immobilisation on vancomycin-loaded titanium nanotube for prophylaxis of implant infections. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2022, 216: 112582.
30. Liu Z, Wang K, Peng X, et al. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems: Current strategic design and potential application in human hard tissue repair. European Polymer Journal, 2022, 166(5): 110979.
31. Harris M, Alexander C, Wells C M, et al. Chitosan for the delivery of antibiotics. Chitosan Based Biomaterials, 2017, 2: 147-173.
32. De Giglio E, Trapani A, Cafagna D, et al. Ciprofloxacin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as titanium coatings: a valuable strategy to prevent implant-associated infections. Nano Biomedicine & Engineering, 2012, 4(4): 163-169.
33. Yang CC, Lin CC, Yen SK. Electrochemical deposition of vancomycin/chitosan composite on Ti alloy. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2011, 158(12): E152.
34. Chen ST, Chien HW, Cheng CY, et al. Drug-release dynamics and antibacterial activities of chitosan/cefazolin coatings on Ti implants. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2021, 159: 106385.
35. Ordikhani F, Simchi A. Long-term antibiotic delivery by chitosan-based composite coatings with bone regenerative potential. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 317(30): 56-66.
36. Patel KD, El-Fiqi A, Lee H Y, et al. Chitosan–nanobioactive glass electrophoretic coatings with bone regenerative and drug delivering potential. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22(47): 24945-24956.
37. Patel KD, Singh RK, Lee EJ, et al. Tailoring solubility and drug release from electrophoretic deposited chitosan–gelatin films on titanium. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2014, 242: 232-236.
38. Ballarre J, Aydemir T, Liverani L, et al. Versatile bioactive and antibacterial coating system based on silica, gentamicin, and chitosan: Improving early stage performance of titanium implants. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 381: 125-138.
39. Yang CC, Lin CC, Liao JW, et al. Vancomycin-chitosan composite deposited on post porous hydroxyapatite coated Ti6Al4V implant for drug controlled release. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2013, 33(4): 2203-2212.
40. Tang Q, Zhang X, Shen K, et al. Dual-functionalized titanium for enhancing osteogenic and antibacterial properties. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2021, 44: 100481.
41. Nichol T, Callaghan J, Townsend R, et al. The antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of a controlled gentamicin-releasing single-layer sol-gel coating on hydroxyapatite-coated titanium. Bone Joint J, 2021, 103(3): 522-529.
42. Tong S, Sun X, Wu A, et al. Improved biocompatibility of TiO₂ nanotubes via co-precipitation loading with hydroxyapatite and gentamicin. Coatings, 2021, 11(10): 1191.
43. 张利兴, 田昂, 李锡, 等. TiO₂纳米管/羟基磷灰石载万古霉素涂层的释药性及生物毒性. 中国组织工程研究, 2021, 25(10): 1500-1506.
44. Nowruzi F, Imani R, Faghihi S. Effect of electrochemical oxidation and drug loading on the antibacterial properties and cell biocompatibility of titanium substrates. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 8595.
45. Suchý T, Vištejnová L, Šupová M, et al. Vancomycin-loaded collagen/hydroxyapatite layers electrospun on 3D printed titanium implants prevent bone destruction associated with s. epidermidis infection and enhance osseointegration. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(5): 531.
46. Soylu HM, Chevallier P, Copes F, et al. A novel strategy to coat dopamine-functionalized titanium surfaces with agarose-based hydrogels for the controlled release of gentamicin. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2021, 11: 678081.
47. Decker AP, Mechesso AF, Wang G. Expanding the landscape of amino acid-rich antimicrobial peptides: definition, deployment in nature, implications for peptide design and therapeutic potential. Int J Mol Sci, 2022, 23(21): 12874.
48. Abbasizadeh N, Rezayan AH, Nourmohammadi J, et al. HHC-36 antimicrobial peptide loading on silk fibroin (SF)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanofibrous-coated titanium for the enhancement of osteoblast and bactericidal functions. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 2019, 69: 629-639.
49. Liu HW, Wei DX, Deng JZ, et al. Combined antibacterial and osteogenic in situ effects of a bifunctional titanium alloy with nanoscale hydroxyapatite coating. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2018, 46(sup3): S460-S470.
50. Tang Q, Wang W, Zhang X, et al. Bi-functionalization of titanium with a mixture of peptides for improving its osteogenic and antibacterial activity. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2022, 51: 100673.
51. Wang B, Lan J, Qiao H, et al. Porous surface with fusion peptides embedded in strontium titanate nanotubes elevates osteogenic and antibacterial activity of additively manufactured titanium alloy. Colloids and Surfaces B:Biointerfaces, 2023, 224: 113188.
52. Guo Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, et al. Advances and challenges in metallic nanomaterial synthesis and antibacterial applications. J Mater Chem B, 2020, 8(22): 4764-4777.
53. Alavi M, Rai M. Recent advances in antibacterial applications of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal nanocomposites (MNCs) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 2019, 17(6): 419-428.
54. Haugen HJ, Makhtari S, Ahmadi S, et al. The antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles coated titanium implants: a narrative review. Materials (Basel), 2022, 15(14): 5025.
55. Fazel M, Salimijazi HR, Shamanian M, et al. Osteogenic and antibacterial surfaces on additively manufactured porous Ti-6Al-4V implants: Combining silver nanoparticles with hydrothermally synthesized HA nanocrystals. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 120: 111745.
56. Yan YJ, Zhang XJ, Huang Y, et al. Antibacterial and bioactivity of silver substituted hydroxyapatite/TiO₂ nanotube composite coatings on titanium. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 314: 348-357.
57. Sobolev A, Valkov A, Kossenko A, et al. Bioactive coating on Ti alloy with high osseointegration and antibacterial Ag nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2019, 11(43): 39534-39544.
58. Rahnejat B, Nemati NH, Sadrnezhaad SK, et al. Promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation on functionalized and laser treated titanium substrate using hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate/silver nanoparticles. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2023, 293: 126885.
59. Oleshko O, Liubchak I, Husak Y, et al. In vitro biological characterization of silver-doped anodic oxide coating on titanium. Materials (Basel), 2020, 13(19): 4359.
60. Wang B, Wu Z, Lan J, et al. Surface modification of titanium implants by silk fibroin/Ag co-functionalized strontium titanate nanotubes for inhibition of bacterial-associated infection and enhancement of in vivo osseointegration. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2021, 405: 126700.
61. Zhang Y, Dong C, Yang S, et al. Enhanced silver loaded antibacterial titanium implant coating with novel hierarchical effect. J Biomater Appl, 2018, 32(9): 1289-1299.
62. Cheng YF, Zhang JY, Wang YB, et al. Deposition of catechol-functionalized chitosan and silver nanoparticles on biomedical titanium surfaces for antibacterial application. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019, 98: 649-656.
63. Gunputh UF, Le H, Lawton K, et al. Antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles grown in situ and anchored to titanium dioxide nanotubes on titanium implant against Staphylococcus aureus. Nanotoxicology, 2020, 14(1): 97-110.
64. Li Y, Yang Y, Li R, et al. Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques. Int J Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 7217-7236.
65. Huang T, Yan G, Guan M. Zinc homeostasis in bone: zinc transporters and bone diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(4): 1236.
66. Li Y, Yang Y, Qing Y, et al. Enhancing ZnO-NP antibacterial and osteogenesis properties in orthopedic applications: a review. Int J Nanomedicine, 2020, 15: 6247-6262.
67. Sreya PV, Mathew AM, Chukwuike VI, et al. Zinc oxide decorated titania nanostructured layer over Ti metal as a biocompatible and antimicrobial surface for biomedical application. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2022, 33: 102275.
68. Wan Y, Zhao Z, Yu M, et al. Osteogenic and antibacterial ability of micro-nano structures coated with ZnO on Ti-6Al-4V implant fabricated by two-step laser processing. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2022, 131: 240-252.
69. Maimaiti B, Zhang N, Yan L, et al. Stable ZnO-doped hydroxyapatite nanocoating for anti-infection and osteogenic on titanium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2020, 186: 110731.
70. Gunputh UF, Le H, Besinis A, et al. Multilayered composite coatings of titanium dioxide nanotubes decorated with zinc oxide and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: controlled release of Zn and antimicrobial properties against Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 3583-3600.
71. Wang Z, Mei L, Liu X, et al. Hierarchically hybrid biocoatings on Ti implants for enhanced antibacterial activity and osteogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2021, 204: 111802.
72. Zhu Y, Liu X, Yeung K W K, et al. Biofunctionalization of carbon nanotubes/chitosan hybrids on Ti implants by atom layer deposited ZnO nanostructures. Applied Surface Science, 2017, 400: 14-23.
73. Pang S, He Y, Zhong R, et al. Multifunctional ZnO/TiO₂ nanoarray composite coating with antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility and piezoelectricity. Ceramics International, 2019, 45(10): 12663-12671.
74. Xie M, Zhong Y, Wang S, et al. EGCG/Zn coating on titanium implants by one-step hydrothermal method for improving anticorrosion, antibacterial and osteogenesis properties. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2022, 292: 126872.
75. Liu R, Tang Y, Liu H, et al. Effects of combined chemical design (Cu addition) and topographical modification (SLA) of Ti-Cu/SLA for promoting osteogenic, angiogenic and antibacterial activities. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2020, 47: 202-215.
76. Zhang Y, Cui S, Cao S, et al. To improve the angiogenesis of endothelial cells on Ti-Cu alloy by the synergistic effects of Cu ions release and surface nanostructure. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2022, 433: 128116.
77. Wu Q, Li J, Zhang W, et al. Antibacterial property, angiogenic and osteogenic activity of Cu-incorporated TiO₂ coating. J Mater Chem B, 2014, 2(39): 6738-6748.
78. Huang Y, Zhang X, Zhao R, et al. Antibacterial efficacy, corrosion resistance, and cytotoxicity studies of copper-substituted carbonated hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate. Journal of Materials Science, 2015, 50: 1688-1700.
79. Pierre C, Bertrand G, Pavy I, et al. Antibacterial electrodeposited copper-doped calcium phosphate coatings for dental implants. J Funct Biomater, 2022, 14(1): 20.
80. Liu H, Tang Y, Zhang S, et al. Anti-infection mechanism of a novel dental implant made of titanium-copper (TiCu) alloy and its mechanism associated with oral microbiology. Bioactive Materials, 2022, 8: 381-395.
81. Zhang Y, Fu S, Yang L, et al. A nano-structured TiO₂/CuO/Cu₂O coating on Ti-Cu alloy with dual function of antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2022, 97: 201-212.
82. Liu H, Liu R, Ullah I, et al. Rough surface of copper-bearing titanium alloy with multifunctions of osteogenic ability and antibacterial activity. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2020, 48: 130-139.
83. Liu Y, Wu J, Zhang H, et al. Covalent immobilization of the phytic acid-magnesium layer on titanium improves the osteogenic and antibacterial properties. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2021, 203: 111768.
84. Li X, Wang M, Zhang W, et al. A magnesium-incorporated nanoporous titanium coating for rapid osseointegration. Int J Nanomedicine, 2020, 15: 6593-6603.
85. Zaatreh S, Haffner D, Strauss M, et al. Thin magnesium layer confirmed as an antibacterial and biocompatible implant coating in a co-culture model. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2017, 15(4): 1624-1630.
86. Zhao Q, Yi L, Jiang L, et al. Osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability on titanium surfaces modified with magnesium-doped titanium dioxide coating. Nanomedicine, 2019, 14(9): 1109-1133.
87. Zhang XM, Li Y, Gu YX, et al. Ta-coated titanium surface with superior bacteriostasis and osseointegration. Int J Nanomedicine, 2019, 14: 8693-8706.
88. Zhao QM, Sun YY, Wu CS, et al. Enhanced osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of manganese-titanium dioxide microporous coating on titanium surfaces. Nanotoxicology, 2020, 14(3): 289-309.
89. Zhang X, Yin H, Xiao L, et al. Chitosan regulated electrochemistry for dense hydroxyapatite/MgO nanocomposite coating with antibiosis and osteogenesis on titanium alloy. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2022, 48: 100616.
90. Chen L, Yan X, Tan L, et al. In vitro and in vivo characterization of novel calcium phosphate and magnesium (CaP-Mg) bilayer coated titanium for implantation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2019, 374: 784-796.
91. Zhou J, Wang X. The osteogenic, anti-oncogenic and antibacterial activities of selenium-doped titanium dioxide coatings on titanium. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 403: 126408.
92. Zhou J, Li B, Han Y. F-doped TiO₂ microporous coating on titanium with enhanced antibacterial and osteogenic activities. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 17858.
93. Auñón Á, Esteban J, Doadrio AL, et al. Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infection is prevented by a fluorine- and phosphorus-doped nanostructured Ti-6Al-4V alloy loaded with gentamicin and vancomycin. J Orthop Res, 2020, 38(3): 588-597.
94. Zanocco M, Boschetto F, Zhu W, et al. 3D-additive deposition of an antibacterial and osteogenic silicon nitride coating on orthopaedic titanium substrate. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2020, 103: 103557.
95. Buga C, Chen CC, Hunyadi M, et al. Electrosprayed calcium silicate nanoparticle-coated titanium implant with improved antibacterial activity and osteogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2021, 202: 111699.
96. Gu M, Lv L, Du F, et al. Effects of thermal treatment on the adhesion strength and osteoinductive activity of single-layer graphene sheets on titanium substrates. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 8141.
97. Cheng H, Xiong W, Fang Z, et al. Strontium (Sr) and silver (Ag) loaded nanotubular structures with combined osteoinductive and antimicrobial activities. Acta Biomater, 2016, 31: 388-400.
98. Yao L, Wang H, Li L, et al. Development and evaluation of osteogenesis and antibacterial properties of strontium/silver-functionalized hierarchical micro/nano-titanium implants. Materials & Design, 2022, 224: 111425.
99. Han X, Ji X, Zhao M, et al. Mg/Ag ratios induced in vitro cell adhesion and preliminary antibacterial properties of TiN on medical Ti-6Al-4V alloy by Mg and Ag implantation. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 397: 126020.
100. Luo J, Mamat B, Yue Z, et al. Multi-metal ions doped hydroxyapatite coatings via electrochemical methods for antibacterial and osteogenesis. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 2021, 43: 100435.
101. Jin G, Qin H, Cao H, et al. Synergistic effects of dual Zn/Ag ion implantation in osteogenic activity and antibacterial ability of titanium. Biomaterials, 2014, 35(27): 7699-7713.
102. Zhang Y, Liu X, Li Z, et al. Nano Ag/ZnO-incorporated hydroxyapatite composite coatings: highly effective infection prevention and excellent osteointegration. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2018, 10(1): 1266-1277.
103. Zhu M, Fang J, Li Y, et al. The synergy of topographical micropatterning and ta| tacu bilayered thin film on titanium implants enables dual-functions of enhanced osteogenesis and anti-infection. Adv Healthc Mater, 2021, 10(9): e2002020.
104. Wang B, Wu Z, Wang S, et al. Mg/Cu-doped TiO₂ nanotube array: A novel dual-function system with self-antibacterial activity and excellent cell compatibility. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2021, 128: 112322.
105. Huang Y, Hao M, Nian X, et al. Strontium and copper co-substituted hydroxyapatite-based coatings with improved antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility fabricated by electrodeposition. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(10): 11876-11888.
106. Li K, Tian H, Guo A, et al. Gallium (Ga)-strontium (Sr) layered double hydroxide composite coating on titanium substrates for enhanced osteogenic and antibacterial abilities. J Biomed Mater Res A, 2022, 110(2): 273-286.
107. Zhang L, Guo J, Yan T, et al. Fibroblast responses and antibacterial activity of Cu and Zn co-doped TiO₂ for percutaneous implants. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 434: 633-642.
108. Zhou J, Zhao L. Multifunction Sr, Co and F co-doped microporous coating on titanium of antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic activities. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 29069.
109. Zhao Q, Yi L, Hu A, et al. Antibacterial and osteogenic activity of a multifunctional microporous coating codoped with Mg, Cu and F on titanium. J Mater Chem B, 2019, 7(14): 2284-2299.
110. Wolf-Brandstetter C, Beutner R, Hess R, et al. Multifunctional calcium phosphate based coatings on titanium implants with integrated trace elements. Biomed Mater, 2020, 15(2): 025006.
111. Huang Y, Zhang X, Mao H, et al. Osteoblastic cell responses and antibacterial efficacy of Cu/Zn co-substituted hydroxyapatite coatings on pure titanium using electrodeposition method. RSC advances, 2015, 5(22): 17076-17086.
112. Shen X, Yie KHR, Wu X, et al. Improvement of aqueous stability and anti-osteoporosis properties of Zn-MOF coatings on titanium implants by hydrophobic raloxifene. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 430: 133094.
113. Yan B, Tan J, Zhang H, et al. Constructing fluorine-doped Zr-MOF films on titanium for antibacteria, anti-inflammation, and osteogenesis. Biomater Adv, 2022, 134: 112699.
114. Si Y, Liu H, Yu H, et al. MOF-derived CuO@ZnO modified titanium implant for synergistic antibacterial ability, osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2022, 219: 112840.
115. Shen X, Zhang Y, Ma P, et al. Fabrication of magnesium/zinc-metal organic framework on titanium implants to inhibit bacterial infection and promote bone regeneration. Biomaterials, 2019, 212: 1-16.
116. Zhang Y, Shen X, Ma P, et al. Composite coatings of Mg-MOF74 and Sr-substituted hydroxyapatite on titanium substrates for local antibacterial, anti-osteosarcoma and pro-osteogenesis applications. Materials Letters, 2019, 241: 18-22.
117. Dan W, Gao J, Qi X, et al. Antibacterial quaternary ammonium agents: Chemical diversity and biological mechanism. Eur J Med Chem, 2022, 243: 114765.
118. Zhou W, Wang X, Li Z, et al. Novel dual-functional implants via oxygen non-thermal plasma and quaternary ammonium to promote osteogenesis and combat infections. Dental Materials, 2022, 38(1): 169-182.
119. Zhang F, Hu Q, Wei Y, et al. Surface modification of Titanium implants by pH-Responsive coating designed for Self-Adaptive antibacterial and promoted osseointegration. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 435: 134802.
120. Zhou W, Peng X, Ma Y, et al. Two-staged time-dependent materials for the prevention of implant-related infections. Acta Biomater, 2020, 101: 128-140.
121. Lin R, Wang Z, Li Z, et al. A two-phase and long-lasting multi-antibacterial coating enables titanium biomaterials to prevent implants-related infections. Mater Today Bio, 2022, 15: 100330.
122. Olmos D, González-Benito J. Polymeric materials with antibacterial activity: A review. Polymers (Basel), 2021, 13(4): 613.
123. Liu Y, He L, Li J, et al. Mussel-inspired organic–inorganic implant coating based on a layer-by-layer method for anti-infection and osteogenesis. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2022, 61(35): 13040-13051.
124. Han M, Dong Z, Li J, et al. Mussel-inspired self-assembly engineered implant coatings for synergistic anti-infection and osteogenesis acceleration. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2021, 9(40): 8501-8511.
125. Han H, Liu C, Zhu J, et al. Contact/release coordinated antibacterial cotton fabrics coated with N-halamine and cationic antibacterial agent for durable bacteria-killing application. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020, 21(18): 6531.
126. Lan G, Chu X, Li C, et al. Surface modification of titanium with antibacterial porous N-halamine coating to prevent peri-implant infection. Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England), 2022, 18(1). Doi: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9e33.
127. 刘鹏, 高秋明, 吕利军等. 3D打印多孔钛合金在肿瘤切除术后应用的研究进展. 中国修复重建外科杂志, 2022, 36(12): 1558-1565.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Progress in antibacterial/osteogenesis dual-functional surface modification strategy of titanium-based implants

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content