Risk Factors of Surgical Mortality of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

 QIUJia-wei , LIDian-yuan

Pediatric Surgical Center, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection; Surgery; Mortality

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.20140234

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Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC)is one of a few congenital heart diseases which need emergency surgical correction, but its high perioperative mortality remains a dilemma for its surgical correction. In recent years, increasing studies have achieved a great progress regarding risk factors of surgical mortality of TAPVC. Surgical era, anatomic classification, younger age, low body weight, long cardiopulmonary bypass time and pulmonary venous obstruction have been generally considered important risk factors of surgical mortality of TAPVC. This review focuses on domestic and international research progress of risk factors of surgical mortality of TAPVC in recent years in order to further understand their mechanisms, reduce surgical mortality as much as possible, and improve clinical outcomes.

Citation： QIUJia-wei, LIDian-yuan. Risk Factors of Surgical Mortality of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2014, 21(6): 817-821. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20140234 Copy

1.	Jonas RA, Chief. Comprehensive surgical management of congenital heart disease. London:Arnold, 2004.402-413.
2.	Darling RC, Rothney WB, Craig JM. Total pulmonary venous drainage into the right side of the heart:report of 17 autopsied cases not associated with other major cardiovascular anomalies. Lab Inves, 1957, 6(1):44-64.
3.	Karamlou T, Gurofsky R, Al Sukhni E, et al. Factors associated with mortality and reoperation in 377 children with total anomalous pulmo-nary venous connection. Circulation, 2007, 115(12):1591-1598.
4.	Yong MS, d'udekem Y, Robertson T, et al. Outcomes of surgery for simple total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in neonates. Ann Thorac Surg, 2011, 91(6):1921-1927.
5.	Kelle AM, Backer CL, Gossett JG, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:results of surgical repair of 100 patients at a single institution. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2010, 139(6):1387-1394, e3.
6.	Horer J, Neuray C, Vogt M, et al. What to expect after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:Data from 193 patients and 2902 patient years. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2013, 44(5):800-807.
7.	St Louis JD, Harvey BA, Menk JS, et al. Repair of "simple" total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:a review from the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 94(1):133-1378.
8.	Husain SA, Maldonado E, Rasch D, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:factors associated with mortality and recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 94(3):825-832.
9.	Kirshbom PM, Myung RJ, Gaynor JW, et al. Preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction affects long-term outcome for survivors of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002, 74(5):1616-1620.
10.	Lincoln CR, Rigby ML, Mercanti C, et al. Surgical risk factors in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Am J Cardiol, 1988, 61(8):608-611.
11.	Boger AJ, Baak R, Lee PC, et al. Early results and long-term follow-up after corrective surgery for total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 1999, 16(3):296-299.
12.	Hancock Friesen CL, Zurakowski D, Thiagarajan RR, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:an analysis of current management strategies in a single institution. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(2):596-606.
13.	Curran RD, Mavroudis C, Backer CL, et al. Inhaled nitric oxide for children with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension. Ann Thorac Surg, 1995, 60(6):1765-1771.
14.	Serraf A, Bruniaux J, Lacour-Gayet F, et al. Obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Toward neutralization of a major risk factor. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1991, 101(4):601-606.
15.	张慧丽, 李守军, 胡盛寿, 等. 137例婴幼儿完全性肺静脉异位引流各年龄段临床特点和外科疗效分析.中国循环杂志, 2008, 23(5):381-384.
16.	Padley JR, Cole AD, Pye VE, et al. Five-year analysis of operative mortality and neonatal outcomes in congenital heart disease. Heart Lung Circ, 2011, 20(7):460-467.
17.	Karaci AR, Harmandar B, Aydemir NA, et al. Early and intermediate term results for surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. J Card Surg, 2012, 27(3):376-380.
18.	Kang N, Cole T, Tsang V, et al. Risk stratification in paediatric open-heart surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2004, 26(1):3-11.
19.	袁峰, 李晓峰, 柏松, 等.体重5kg以下完全性肺静脉异位引流患儿的外科治疗.临床小儿外科杂志, 2011, 10(3):184-186.
20.	Fu CM, Wang JK, Lu CW, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:15 years' experience of a tertiary care center in Taiwan. Pediatr Neonatol, 2012, 53(3):164-170.
21.	周悦航.心上型完全性肺静脉异位引流的诊疗进展.临床小儿外科杂志, 2013, 12(5):421-423.
22.	Michielon G, Di Donato RM, Pasquini L, et al. Total anomalous pulm onary venous connection:Long-term appraisal with evolving technical solutions. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2002, 22(2):184-191.
23.	徐红亮, 范顺阳, 王峰, 等.影响完全性肺静脉异位引流术病死率的危险因素.中华实用儿科临床杂志, 2013, 28(6):474-476.
24.	Nakayama Y, Hiramatsu T, Iwata Y, et al. Surgical results for functional univentricular heart with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection over a 25-year experience. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 93(2):606-613.
25.	Ricci M, Elliott M, Cohen GA, et al. Management of pulmonary venous obstruction after correction of tapvc:Risk factors for adverse outcome. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2003, 24(1):28-36.
26.	李建荣, 刘迎龙.肺静脉狭窄诊治进展.国际外科学杂志, 2006, 33(3):232-236.
27.	Seale AN, Uemura H, Webber SA, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:outcome of postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2013, 145(5):1255-1262.
28.	Seale AN, Uemura H, Webber SA, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:morphology and outcome from an international population-based study. Circulation, 2010, 122(25):2718-2726.
29.	祝忠群, 张海波, 徐志伟, 等.完全性肺静脉异位引流术后肺静脉狭窄的病理类型及手术治疗.中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2012, 28(9):522-524.
30.	Chowdhury UK, Airan B, Malhotra A, et al. Mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:anatomic variations, surgical approach, techniques, and results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2008, 135(1):106-116.
31.	Honjo O, Atlin CR, Hamilton BC, et al. Primary sutureless repair for infants with mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Ann Thorac Surg, 2010, 90(3):862-868.
32.	Azakie A, Lavrsen MJ, Johnson NC, et al. Early outcomes of primary sutureless repair of the pulmonary veins. Ann Thorac Surg, 2011, 92(2):666-672.
33.	Yamashita K, Hoashi T, Kagisaki K, et al. Midterm outcomes of sutureless technique for postoperative pulmonary venous stenosis. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2014, 62(1):48-52.
34.	徐志伟, 苏肇伉, 王顺民, 等.采用左心房顶部进路纠治心上型完全性肺静脉异位连接.中华小儿外科杂志, 2004, 25(1):32-34.
35.	祝忠群, 徐志伟, 张海波, 等.完全性肺静脉异位引流病理谱及个体化手术治疗.中华小儿外科杂志, 2011, 32(5):333-338.
36.	Milovanovic V, Mimic B, Vulicevic I, et al. Outcomes of surgery for total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Srp Arh Celok Lek, 2014, 142(3-4):164-169.
37.	束亚琴, 彭卫, 戚继荣, 等.小于6个月婴儿完全性肺静脉异位引流的围手术期监.中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2014, 30(3):156-159.
38.	付红敏, 刘成军, 谭利平. 30例完全性肺静脉异位引流患儿术后早期并发症分析及处理对策.中国小儿急救医学, 2012, 19(1):53-55.
39.	殷胜利, 张希, 刘云奇.完全性肺静脉异位引流新手术方式.中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2011, 27(4):245-246.
40.	郭珊, 薛玉, 良王中, 等.早产儿完全性肺静脉异位引流的体外管理.中国体外循环杂志, 2011, 9(4):222-223.

1. Jonas RA, Chief. Comprehensive surgical management of congenital heart disease. London:Arnold, 2004.402-413.
2. Darling RC, Rothney WB, Craig JM. Total pulmonary venous drainage into the right side of the heart:report of 17 autopsied cases not associated with other major cardiovascular anomalies. Lab Inves, 1957, 6(1):44-64.
3. Karamlou T, Gurofsky R, Al Sukhni E, et al. Factors associated with mortality and reoperation in 377 children with total anomalous pulmo-nary venous connection. Circulation, 2007, 115(12):1591-1598.
4. Yong MS, d'udekem Y, Robertson T, et al. Outcomes of surgery for simple total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in neonates. Ann Thorac Surg, 2011, 91(6):1921-1927.
5. Kelle AM, Backer CL, Gossett JG, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:results of surgical repair of 100 patients at a single institution. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2010, 139(6):1387-1394, e3.
6. Horer J, Neuray C, Vogt M, et al. What to expect after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:Data from 193 patients and 2902 patient years. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2013, 44(5):800-807.
7. St Louis JD, Harvey BA, Menk JS, et al. Repair of "simple" total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:a review from the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 94(1):133-1378.
8. Husain SA, Maldonado E, Rasch D, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:factors associated with mortality and recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 94(3):825-832.
9. Kirshbom PM, Myung RJ, Gaynor JW, et al. Preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction affects long-term outcome for survivors of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002, 74(5):1616-1620.
10. Lincoln CR, Rigby ML, Mercanti C, et al. Surgical risk factors in total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Am J Cardiol, 1988, 61(8):608-611.
11. Boger AJ, Baak R, Lee PC, et al. Early results and long-term follow-up after corrective surgery for total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 1999, 16(3):296-299.
12. Hancock Friesen CL, Zurakowski D, Thiagarajan RR, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:an analysis of current management strategies in a single institution. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 79(2):596-606.
13. Curran RD, Mavroudis C, Backer CL, et al. Inhaled nitric oxide for children with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension. Ann Thorac Surg, 1995, 60(6):1765-1771.
14. Serraf A, Bruniaux J, Lacour-Gayet F, et al. Obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Toward neutralization of a major risk factor. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1991, 101(4):601-606.
15. 张慧丽, 李守军, 胡盛寿, 等. 137例婴幼儿完全性肺静脉异位引流各年龄段临床特点和外科疗效分析.中国循环杂志, 2008, 23(5):381-384.
16. Padley JR, Cole AD, Pye VE, et al. Five-year analysis of operative mortality and neonatal outcomes in congenital heart disease. Heart Lung Circ, 2011, 20(7):460-467.
17. Karaci AR, Harmandar B, Aydemir NA, et al. Early and intermediate term results for surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. J Card Surg, 2012, 27(3):376-380.
18. Kang N, Cole T, Tsang V, et al. Risk stratification in paediatric open-heart surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2004, 26(1):3-11.
19. 袁峰, 李晓峰, 柏松, 等.体重5kg以下完全性肺静脉异位引流患儿的外科治疗.临床小儿外科杂志, 2011, 10(3):184-186.
20. Fu CM, Wang JK, Lu CW, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:15 years' experience of a tertiary care center in Taiwan. Pediatr Neonatol, 2012, 53(3):164-170.
21. 周悦航.心上型完全性肺静脉异位引流的诊疗进展.临床小儿外科杂志, 2013, 12(5):421-423.
22. Michielon G, Di Donato RM, Pasquini L, et al. Total anomalous pulm onary venous connection:Long-term appraisal with evolving technical solutions. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2002, 22(2):184-191.
23. 徐红亮, 范顺阳, 王峰, 等.影响完全性肺静脉异位引流术病死率的危险因素.中华实用儿科临床杂志, 2013, 28(6):474-476.
24. Nakayama Y, Hiramatsu T, Iwata Y, et al. Surgical results for functional univentricular heart with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection over a 25-year experience. Ann Thorac Surg, 2012, 93(2):606-613.
25. Ricci M, Elliott M, Cohen GA, et al. Management of pulmonary venous obstruction after correction of tapvc:Risk factors for adverse outcome. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2003, 24(1):28-36.
26. 李建荣, 刘迎龙.肺静脉狭窄诊治进展.国际外科学杂志, 2006, 33(3):232-236.
27. Seale AN, Uemura H, Webber SA, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:outcome of postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2013, 145(5):1255-1262.
28. Seale AN, Uemura H, Webber SA, et al. Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:morphology and outcome from an international population-based study. Circulation, 2010, 122(25):2718-2726.
29. 祝忠群, 张海波, 徐志伟, 等.完全性肺静脉异位引流术后肺静脉狭窄的病理类型及手术治疗.中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2012, 28(9):522-524.
30. Chowdhury UK, Airan B, Malhotra A, et al. Mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection:anatomic variations, surgical approach, techniques, and results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2008, 135(1):106-116.
31. Honjo O, Atlin CR, Hamilton BC, et al. Primary sutureless repair for infants with mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Ann Thorac Surg, 2010, 90(3):862-868.
32. Azakie A, Lavrsen MJ, Johnson NC, et al. Early outcomes of primary sutureless repair of the pulmonary veins. Ann Thorac Surg, 2011, 92(2):666-672.
33. Yamashita K, Hoashi T, Kagisaki K, et al. Midterm outcomes of sutureless technique for postoperative pulmonary venous stenosis. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2014, 62(1):48-52.
34. 徐志伟, 苏肇伉, 王顺民, 等.采用左心房顶部进路纠治心上型完全性肺静脉异位连接.中华小儿外科杂志, 2004, 25(1):32-34.
35. 祝忠群, 徐志伟, 张海波, 等.完全性肺静脉异位引流病理谱及个体化手术治疗.中华小儿外科杂志, 2011, 32(5):333-338.
36. Milovanovic V, Mimic B, Vulicevic I, et al. Outcomes of surgery for total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Srp Arh Celok Lek, 2014, 142(3-4):164-169.
37. 束亚琴, 彭卫, 戚继荣, 等.小于6个月婴儿完全性肺静脉异位引流的围手术期监.中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2014, 30(3):156-159.
38. 付红敏, 刘成军, 谭利平. 30例完全性肺静脉异位引流患儿术后早期并发症分析及处理对策.中国小儿急救医学, 2012, 19(1):53-55.
39. 殷胜利, 张希, 刘云奇.完全性肺静脉异位引流新手术方式.中华胸心血管外科杂志, 2011, 27(4):245-246.
40. 郭珊, 薛玉, 良王中, 等.早产儿完全性肺静脉异位引流的体外管理.中国体外循环杂志, 2011, 9(4):222-223.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Risk Factors of Surgical Mortality of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

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