Myocardial Protection of HTK Solution in Immature Rabbit Myocardium at Different Cardiac Arrest Time_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

ZHANGHong-yu ,  ZHUANGJian

Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

ZHUANGJian, Email: zhuangjian5413@tom.com

Keywords：

Immature myocardium; Myocardial protection; HTK solution; Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.20150065

Video：

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Objective To compare the myocardial protective effect of HTK solution and St.ThomasⅡ(STH) solution in immature rabbit myocardium at different cardiac arrest time. Methods According to cardioplegia and cardiac arrest time, 32 immature New Zealand white rabbits (aged 2-3 weeks) were randomly divided into four groups. A group SO (8 rabbits) underwent 1 hour cardiac arrest with STH solution, a group ST (8 rabbits) underwent 2 hours cardiac arrest with STH solution, a group HO (8 rabbits) underwent 1 hour cardiac arrest with HTK solution, a group Ht (8 rabbits) underwent 2 hours cardiac arrest with HTK solution. Compare the myocardial protective effect of HTK and STH solution in immature myocardium at different cardiac arrest time. Results The Langendorff models were successfully established in 30 cases (8 cases in the group SO and HO, 7 cases in the group ST and HT). There were no statistical differences in hemodynamics and myocardial enzyme (CK-MB, LDH) (P > 0.05), but HTK solution reduced the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and content of malonaldehyde (MDA) and NO, maintained high activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Ca²⁺-ATPase (P < 0.05), performed more effective myocardial protection for immature myocardium. Conclusion HTK solution has more effective myocardial protection for immature myocardium than STH solution does, but STH solution still has good outcomes within short cardiac arrest time (1h).

Citation： ZHANGHong-yu, ZHUANGJian. Myocardial Protection of HTK Solution in Immature Rabbit Myocardium at Different Cardiac Arrest Time. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2015, 22(3): 234-240. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20150065 Copy

1.	Durandy Y.Pediatric myocardial protection.Curr Opin Cardiol, 2008, 23(2):85-90.
2.	Yamamoto F.Metabolic characteristics of immature myocardium.Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2010, 58(4):171-173.
3.	Oriaku G, Xiang B, Dai G, et al.Effects of retrograde cardioplegia on myocardial perfusion and energy metabolism in immature porcine myocardium.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2000, 119(6):1102-1109.
4.	李寒, 徐序洁, 张载高, 等.离体心脏灌注模型的制备.海军总医院学报, 2006, 19(3):133-135.
5.	Borak B, Arkowski J, Skrzypiec M, et al.Behavior of silica particles introduced into an isolated rat heart as potential drug carriers.Biomed Mater, 2007, 2(4):220-223.
6.	Khaliulin I, Clarke SJ, Lin H, et al.Temperature preconditioning of isolated rat hearts--a potent cardioprotective mechanism involving a reduction in oxidative stress and inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.J Physiol, 2007, 581(Pt 3):1147-1161.
7.	Jennings RB, Reimer KA.The cell biology of acute myocardial ischemia.Annu Rev Med, 1991, 42:225-246.
8.	Aarsaether E, Stenberg TA, Jakobsen O, et al.Mechanoenergetic function and troponin T release following cardioplegic arrest induced by St Thomas'and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate cardioplegia--an experimental comparative study in pigs.Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2009, 9(4):635-639.
9.	吴秀英, 龙波, 李树森, 等.冷血浆停搏液对离体幼兔心脏冠脉流出液CPK、LDH、ATP影响的研究.中国医科大学学报, 2006, 35(2):142-143.
10.	Ruiz-Gines JA, Lopez-Ongil S, Gonzalez-Rubio M, et al.Reactive oxygen species induce proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 2000, 35(1):109-113.
11.	Feygin J, Hu Q, Swingen C, et al.Relationships between regional myocardial wall stress and bioenergetics in hearts with left ventricular hypertrophy.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2008, 294(5):H2313-H2321.
12.	Xia Y, Zweier JL.Direct measurement of nitric oxide generation from nitric oxide synthase.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1997, 94(23):12705-12710.
13.	Gabbai FB, Hammond TC, Thomson SC, et al.Effect of acute iNOS inhibition on glomerular function in tubulointerstitial nephritis.Kidney Int, 2002, 61(3):851-854.
14.	郑梅荣, 窦爱国, 齐跃, 等.急性心肌梗死病人心肌酶谱的动态变化及其临床意义.临床军医杂志, 2002, 30(5):25-26.
15.	Jellinek M, Standeven JW, Menz LJ, et al.Cold blood potassium cardioplegia.Effects of increasing concentrations of potassium.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1981, 82(1):26-37.
16.	Zweier JL, Talukder MA.The role of oxidants and free radicals in reperfusion injury.Cardiovasc Res, 2006, 70(2):181-190.
17.	Geffin GA, Love TR, Hendren WG, et al.The effects of calcium and magnesium in hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions on myocardial preservation.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1989, 98(2):239-250.
18.	White RE, Hartzell HC.Effects of intracellular free magnesium on calcium current in isolated cardiac myocytes.Science, 1988, 239(4841 Pt 1):778-780.
19.	Wilson GJ, Axford-Gatley RA, Bush BG, et al.European versus North American cardioplegia:comparison of Bretschneider's and Roe's cardioplegic solutions in a canine model of cardiopulmonary bypass.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 38(1):10-14.
20.	冯正义, 刘晋萍, 赵举, 等.HTK和St.Thomas液在复杂先天性心脏病长时间心肌缺血心肺转流中的应用.临床麻醉学杂志, 2009, 25(10):833-835.
21.	杨茂元.HTK心脏停搏溶液用于心肌保护.国外医学.麻醉学与复苏分册, 1997, 18(5):305-308.
22.	Holper K, Meisner H, Hahnel C, et al.Technical refinements in myocardial protection:infants--adults.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998, 46(Suppl 2):292-295.
23.	寇瑛琍, 田子朴, 周桥, 等.常温氧合血与冷晶体心脏停搏液心肌保护对比研究.中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 1999, 6(3):151-154.
24.	Hatsuoka S, Sakamoto T, Stock U A, et al.Effect of L-arginine or nitroglycerine during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in neonatal lambs.Ann Thorac Surg, 2003, 75(1):197-203.
25.	殷猛, 曹鼎方, 苏肇伉, 等.外源性磷酸肌酸对未成熟心肌的保护作用.中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2002, 9(3):172-174.

1. Durandy Y.Pediatric myocardial protection.Curr Opin Cardiol, 2008, 23(2):85-90.
2. Yamamoto F.Metabolic characteristics of immature myocardium.Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2010, 58(4):171-173.
3. Oriaku G, Xiang B, Dai G, et al.Effects of retrograde cardioplegia on myocardial perfusion and energy metabolism in immature porcine myocardium.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2000, 119(6):1102-1109.
4. 李寒, 徐序洁, 张载高, 等.离体心脏灌注模型的制备.海军总医院学报, 2006, 19(3):133-135.
5. Borak B, Arkowski J, Skrzypiec M, et al.Behavior of silica particles introduced into an isolated rat heart as potential drug carriers.Biomed Mater, 2007, 2(4):220-223.
6. Khaliulin I, Clarke SJ, Lin H, et al.Temperature preconditioning of isolated rat hearts--a potent cardioprotective mechanism involving a reduction in oxidative stress and inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.J Physiol, 2007, 581(Pt 3):1147-1161.
7. Jennings RB, Reimer KA.The cell biology of acute myocardial ischemia.Annu Rev Med, 1991, 42:225-246.
8. Aarsaether E, Stenberg TA, Jakobsen O, et al.Mechanoenergetic function and troponin T release following cardioplegic arrest induced by St Thomas'and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate cardioplegia--an experimental comparative study in pigs.Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2009, 9(4):635-639.
9. 吴秀英, 龙波, 李树森, 等.冷血浆停搏液对离体幼兔心脏冠脉流出液CPK、LDH、ATP影响的研究.中国医科大学学报, 2006, 35(2):142-143.
10. Ruiz-Gines JA, Lopez-Ongil S, Gonzalez-Rubio M, et al.Reactive oxygen species induce proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 2000, 35(1):109-113.
11. Feygin J, Hu Q, Swingen C, et al.Relationships between regional myocardial wall stress and bioenergetics in hearts with left ventricular hypertrophy.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2008, 294(5):H2313-H2321.
12. Xia Y, Zweier JL.Direct measurement of nitric oxide generation from nitric oxide synthase.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1997, 94(23):12705-12710.
13. Gabbai FB, Hammond TC, Thomson SC, et al.Effect of acute iNOS inhibition on glomerular function in tubulointerstitial nephritis.Kidney Int, 2002, 61(3):851-854.
14. 郑梅荣, 窦爱国, 齐跃, 等.急性心肌梗死病人心肌酶谱的动态变化及其临床意义.临床军医杂志, 2002, 30(5):25-26.
15. Jellinek M, Standeven JW, Menz LJ, et al.Cold blood potassium cardioplegia.Effects of increasing concentrations of potassium.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1981, 82(1):26-37.
16. Zweier JL, Talukder MA.The role of oxidants and free radicals in reperfusion injury.Cardiovasc Res, 2006, 70(2):181-190.
17. Geffin GA, Love TR, Hendren WG, et al.The effects of calcium and magnesium in hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions on myocardial preservation.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1989, 98(2):239-250.
18. White RE, Hartzell HC.Effects of intracellular free magnesium on calcium current in isolated cardiac myocytes.Science, 1988, 239(4841 Pt 1):778-780.
19. Wilson GJ, Axford-Gatley RA, Bush BG, et al.European versus North American cardioplegia:comparison of Bretschneider's and Roe's cardioplegic solutions in a canine model of cardiopulmonary bypass.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 38(1):10-14.
20. 冯正义, 刘晋萍, 赵举, 等.HTK和St.Thomas液在复杂先天性心脏病长时间心肌缺血心肺转流中的应用.临床麻醉学杂志, 2009, 25(10):833-835.
21. 杨茂元.HTK心脏停搏溶液用于心肌保护.国外医学.麻醉学与复苏分册, 1997, 18(5):305-308.
22. Holper K, Meisner H, Hahnel C, et al.Technical refinements in myocardial protection:infants--adults.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998, 46(Suppl 2):292-295.
23. 寇瑛琍, 田子朴, 周桥, 等.常温氧合血与冷晶体心脏停搏液心肌保护对比研究.中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 1999, 6(3):151-154.
24. Hatsuoka S, Sakamoto T, Stock U A, et al.Effect of L-arginine or nitroglycerine during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in neonatal lambs.Ann Thorac Surg, 2003, 75(1):197-203.
25. 殷猛, 曹鼎方, 苏肇伉, 等.外源性磷酸肌酸对未成熟心肌的保护作用.中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2002, 9(3):172-174.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Myocardial Protection of HTK Solution in Immature Rabbit Myocardium at Different Cardiac Arrest Time

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