Research progress of albumin-bilirubin score in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

SUN Xuemei , FAN Wenzhe ,  WU Dequan

Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

WU Dequan, Email: dqwu56@163.com

Keywords：

albumin-bilirubin score; hepatocellular carcinoma; prognosis; recurrence

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201912061

Video：

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Objective To investigate the application value of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score in the treatment and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Method The literatures related to studies on the relationship between the ALBI score and the HCC were searched. The sources of ALBI score and its role in predicting the survival of patients after the liver cancer resection, liver transplantation, and non-surgical treatment such as radiofrequency ablation, radiotherapy, sorafenib treatment, and other therapies were reviewed.Results The ALBI score was the independent prognostic factor after the hepatectomy. As a risk factor for the early recurrence of HCC after the radical hepatectomy, the ALBI score might help to determine the appropriate treatment based on the patient’s liver function when the recurrence occurred. As an independent predictor of mortality after the liver transplantation, the ALBI level 3 might be helpful in optimizing individual risk assessment for the liver transplantation. The ALBI score could be used as the reference tool for the clinicians to choose between the hepatectomy and non-surgical treatment in the patients with HCC.Conclusions Role of ALBI score in evaluating liver function is no less useful than that of Child-Pugh grade. It plays an important role in evaluating prognosis and recurrence of patients with HCC, and is conducive to selection of individualized treatment for them, and formulation of treatment plan that maximizes benefit of patients.

Citation： SUN Xuemei, FAN Wenzhe, WU Dequan. Research progress of albumin-bilirubin score in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2020, 27(9): 1184-1188. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201912061 Copy

1.	Observatory TGC (2018) GLOBOCAN. Breast Cancer, 2019. http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/20-Breast-fact-sheet.pdf.
2.	Wang H, Feng M, Jackson A, et al. Local and global function model of the liver. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2016, 94(1): 181-188.
3.	Hiraoka A, Michitaka K, Kumada T, et al. ALBI score as a novel tool in staging and treatment planning for hepatocellular carcinoma: advantage of ALBI grade for universal assessment of hepatic function. Liver Cancer, 2017, 6(4): 377-379.
4.	Hiraoka A, Kumada T, Michitaka K, et al. Usefulness of albumin-bilirubin grade for evaluation of prognosis of 2 584 Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016, 31(5): 1031-1036.
5.	Chan AW, Kumada T, Toyoda H, et al. Integration of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score into Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016, 31(7): 1300-1306.
6.	Johnson PJ, Berhane S, Kagebayashi C, et al. Assessment of liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a new evidence-based approach—the ALBI grade. J Clin Oncol, 2015, 33(6): 550-558.
7.	Ma XL, Zhou JY, Gao XH, et al. Application of the albumin-bilirubin grade for predicting prognosis after curative resection of patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta, 2016, 462: 15-22.
8.	Toyoda H, Lai PB, O'Beirne J, et al. Long-term impact of liver function on curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: application of the ALBI grade. Br J Cancer, 2016, 114(7): 744-750.
9.	Na SK, Yim SY, Suh SJ, et al. ALBI versus Child-Pugh grading systems for liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol, 2018, 117(5): 912-921.
10.	Li MX, Zhao H, Bi XY, et al. Prognostic value of the albumin-bilirubin grade in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Validation in a Chinese cohort. Hepatol Res, 2017, 47(8): 731-741.
11.	Okajima C, Arii S, Tanaka S, et al. Prognostic role of Child-Pugh score 5 and 6 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent curative hepatic resection. Am J Surg, 2015, 209(1): 199-205.
12.	Wang YY, Zhong JH, Su ZY, et al. Albumin-bilirubin versus Child-Pugh score as a predictor of outcome after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg, 2016, 103(6): 725-734.
13.	Wang YY, Zhao XH, Ma L, et al. Comparison of the ability of Child-Pugh score, MELD score, and ICG-R15 to assess preoperative hepatic functional reserve in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol, 2018, 118(3): 440-445.
14.	Zou H, Yang X, Li QL, et al. A comparative study of albumin-bilirubin score with Child-Pugh score, model for end-stage liver disease score and indocyanine green R15 in predicting posthepatectomy liver failure for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Dig Dis, 2018, 36(3): 236-243.
15.	李昊, 张宏伟, 唐强, 等. 吲哚菁绿试验与白蛋白-胆红素评分对肝切除术后肝功能衰竭的预测作用. 中华实用诊断与治疗杂志, 2019, 33(11): 1069-1072.
16.	Li C, Zhang XY, Peng W, et al. Preoperative albumin-bilirubin grade plus platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predict the outcomes of patients with BCLC stage A hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection. Medicine (Baltimore), 2018, 97(29): e11599.
17.	Zhang R, Guo H, Xu J, et al. Activated platelets inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation and promote tumor progression via platelet-tumor cell binding. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(37): 60609-60622.
18.	Song W, Wang K, Zhong FP, et al. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(49): 81830-81838.
19.	Ho SY, Hsu CY, Liu PH, et al. Albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade-based nomogram to predict tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2019, 45(5): 776-781.
20.	Lee YH, Koh YS, Hur YH, et al. Effectiveness of the albumin-bilirubin score as a prognostic factor for early recurrence after curative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 2018, 22(4): 335-343.
21.	Liao R, Fu YP, Wang T, et al. Metavir and FIB-4 scores are associated with patient prognosis after curative hepatectomy in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study at two centers in China. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(1): 1774-1787.
22.	Liao R, Jiang N, Tang ZW, et al. Systemic and intratumoral balances between monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after surgery. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(21): 30951-30961.
23.	Liao R, Li DW, Du CY, et al. Combined preoperative ALBI and FIB-4 is associated with recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy. J Gastrointest Surg, 2018, 22(10): 1679-1687.
24.	Dong ZR, Zou J, Sun D, et al. Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score for postoperative solitary hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria and Child-Pugh A cirrhosis. J Cancer, 2017, 8(18): 3862-3867.
25.	El Amir M, Gamal Eldeen H, Mogawer S, et al. Different score systems to predict mortality in living donor liver transplantation: which is the winner? The experience of an Egyptian center for living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc, 2015, 47(10): 2897-2901.
26.	Kornberg A, Witt U, Schernhammer M, et al. The role of preoperative albumin-bilirubin grade for oncological risk stratification in liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol, 2019, 120(7): 1126-1136.
27.	Bernardi N, Chedid MF, Grezzana-Filho TJM, et al. Pre-transplant ALBI grade 3 is associated with increased mortality after liver transplantation. Dig Dis Sci, 2019, 64(6): 1695-1704.
28.	Chong CC, Chan AW, Wong J, et al. Albumin-bilirubin grade predicts the outcomes of liver resection versus radiofrequency ablation for very early/early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgeon, 2018, 16(3): 163-170.
29.	Khalid MA, Achakzai IK, Hanif FM, et al. To determine the prognostic value of the albumin-bilirubin grade (ALBI) in patients underwent transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench, 2019, 12(2): 110-115.
30.	Kim JH, Sinn DH, Lee JH, et al. Novel albumin-bilirubin grade-based risk prediction model for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing chemoembolization. Dig Dis Sci, 2018, 63(4): 1062-1071.
31.	Hansmann J, Evers MJ, Bui JT, et al. Albumin-bilirubin and platelet-albumin-bilirubin grades accurately predict overall survival in high-risk patients undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2017, 28(9): 1224-1231.
32.	罗欣, 杨凌玲, 王恺彬, 等. Child-Pugh评分和白蛋白-胆红素评分对肝细胞癌患者立体定向消融放射治疗后肝损伤和预后的预测价. 胃肠病学, 2018, 23(4): 226-230.
33.	Antkowiak M, Gabr A, Das A, et al. Prognostic role of albumin, bilirubin, and ALBI scores: analysis of 1 000 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radioembolization. Cancers (Basel), 2019, 11(6): E879.
34.	Ogasawara S, Chiba T, Ooka Y, et al. Liver function assessment according to the Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) grade in sorafenib-treated patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs, 2015, 33(6): 1257-1262.
35.	Nguyen TTH, Nguyen VH, Nguyen VH, et al. Role of baseline albumin-bilirubin grade on predict overall survival among sorafenib-treated patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Vietnam. Cancer Control, 2019, 26(1): 1073274819865269.
36.	Khabbaz RC, Lokken RP, Chen YF, et al. Albumin-bilirubin and platelet-albumin-bilirubin grades do not predict survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2018, 41(7): 1029-1034.

1. Observatory TGC (2018) GLOBOCAN. Breast Cancer, 2019. http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/20-Breast-fact-sheet.pdf.
2. Wang H, Feng M, Jackson A, et al. Local and global function model of the liver. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2016, 94(1): 181-188.
3. Hiraoka A, Michitaka K, Kumada T, et al. ALBI score as a novel tool in staging and treatment planning for hepatocellular carcinoma: advantage of ALBI grade for universal assessment of hepatic function. Liver Cancer, 2017, 6(4): 377-379.
4. Hiraoka A, Kumada T, Michitaka K, et al. Usefulness of albumin-bilirubin grade for evaluation of prognosis of 2 584 Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016, 31(5): 1031-1036.
5. Chan AW, Kumada T, Toyoda H, et al. Integration of albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score into Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016, 31(7): 1300-1306.
6. Johnson PJ, Berhane S, Kagebayashi C, et al. Assessment of liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a new evidence-based approach—the ALBI grade. J Clin Oncol, 2015, 33(6): 550-558.
7. Ma XL, Zhou JY, Gao XH, et al. Application of the albumin-bilirubin grade for predicting prognosis after curative resection of patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta, 2016, 462: 15-22.
8. Toyoda H, Lai PB, O'Beirne J, et al. Long-term impact of liver function on curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: application of the ALBI grade. Br J Cancer, 2016, 114(7): 744-750.
9. Na SK, Yim SY, Suh SJ, et al. ALBI versus Child-Pugh grading systems for liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol, 2018, 117(5): 912-921.
10. Li MX, Zhao H, Bi XY, et al. Prognostic value of the albumin-bilirubin grade in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Validation in a Chinese cohort. Hepatol Res, 2017, 47(8): 731-741.
11. Okajima C, Arii S, Tanaka S, et al. Prognostic role of Child-Pugh score 5 and 6 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent curative hepatic resection. Am J Surg, 2015, 209(1): 199-205.
12. Wang YY, Zhong JH, Su ZY, et al. Albumin-bilirubin versus Child-Pugh score as a predictor of outcome after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg, 2016, 103(6): 725-734.
13. Wang YY, Zhao XH, Ma L, et al. Comparison of the ability of Child-Pugh score, MELD score, and ICG-R15 to assess preoperative hepatic functional reserve in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol, 2018, 118(3): 440-445.
14. Zou H, Yang X, Li QL, et al. A comparative study of albumin-bilirubin score with Child-Pugh score, model for end-stage liver disease score and indocyanine green R15 in predicting posthepatectomy liver failure for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Dig Dis, 2018, 36(3): 236-243.
15. 李昊, 张宏伟, 唐强, 等. 吲哚菁绿试验与白蛋白-胆红素评分对肝切除术后肝功能衰竭的预测作用. 中华实用诊断与治疗杂志, 2019, 33(11): 1069-1072.
16. Li C, Zhang XY, Peng W, et al. Preoperative albumin-bilirubin grade plus platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predict the outcomes of patients with BCLC stage A hepatocellular carcinoma after liver resection. Medicine (Baltimore), 2018, 97(29): e11599.
17. Zhang R, Guo H, Xu J, et al. Activated platelets inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation and promote tumor progression via platelet-tumor cell binding. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(37): 60609-60622.
18. Song W, Wang K, Zhong FP, et al. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(49): 81830-81838.
19. Ho SY, Hsu CY, Liu PH, et al. Albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade-based nomogram to predict tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2019, 45(5): 776-781.
20. Lee YH, Koh YS, Hur YH, et al. Effectiveness of the albumin-bilirubin score as a prognostic factor for early recurrence after curative hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 2018, 22(4): 335-343.
21. Liao R, Fu YP, Wang T, et al. Metavir and FIB-4 scores are associated with patient prognosis after curative hepatectomy in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study at two centers in China. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(1): 1774-1787.
22. Liao R, Jiang N, Tang ZW, et al. Systemic and intratumoral balances between monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after surgery. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(21): 30951-30961.
23. Liao R, Li DW, Du CY, et al. Combined preoperative ALBI and FIB-4 is associated with recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy. J Gastrointest Surg, 2018, 22(10): 1679-1687.
24. Dong ZR, Zou J, Sun D, et al. Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score for postoperative solitary hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria and Child-Pugh A cirrhosis. J Cancer, 2017, 8(18): 3862-3867.
25. El Amir M, Gamal Eldeen H, Mogawer S, et al. Different score systems to predict mortality in living donor liver transplantation: which is the winner? The experience of an Egyptian center for living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc, 2015, 47(10): 2897-2901.
26. Kornberg A, Witt U, Schernhammer M, et al. The role of preoperative albumin-bilirubin grade for oncological risk stratification in liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol, 2019, 120(7): 1126-1136.
27. Bernardi N, Chedid MF, Grezzana-Filho TJM, et al. Pre-transplant ALBI grade 3 is associated with increased mortality after liver transplantation. Dig Dis Sci, 2019, 64(6): 1695-1704.
28. Chong CC, Chan AW, Wong J, et al. Albumin-bilirubin grade predicts the outcomes of liver resection versus radiofrequency ablation for very early/early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgeon, 2018, 16(3): 163-170.
29. Khalid MA, Achakzai IK, Hanif FM, et al. To determine the prognostic value of the albumin-bilirubin grade (ALBI) in patients underwent transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench, 2019, 12(2): 110-115.
30. Kim JH, Sinn DH, Lee JH, et al. Novel albumin-bilirubin grade-based risk prediction model for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing chemoembolization. Dig Dis Sci, 2018, 63(4): 1062-1071.
31. Hansmann J, Evers MJ, Bui JT, et al. Albumin-bilirubin and platelet-albumin-bilirubin grades accurately predict overall survival in high-risk patients undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol, 2017, 28(9): 1224-1231.
32. 罗欣, 杨凌玲, 王恺彬, 等. Child-Pugh评分和白蛋白-胆红素评分对肝细胞癌患者立体定向消融放射治疗后肝损伤和预后的预测价. 胃肠病学, 2018, 23(4): 226-230.
33. Antkowiak M, Gabr A, Das A, et al. Prognostic role of albumin, bilirubin, and ALBI scores: analysis of 1 000 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radioembolization. Cancers (Basel), 2019, 11(6): E879.
34. Ogasawara S, Chiba T, Ooka Y, et al. Liver function assessment according to the Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) grade in sorafenib-treated patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs, 2015, 33(6): 1257-1262.
35. Nguyen TTH, Nguyen VH, Nguyen VH, et al. Role of baseline albumin-bilirubin grade on predict overall survival among sorafenib-treated patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Vietnam. Cancer Control, 2019, 26(1): 1073274819865269.
36. Khabbaz RC, Lokken RP, Chen YF, et al. Albumin-bilirubin and platelet-albumin-bilirubin grades do not predict survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2018, 41(7): 1029-1034.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Research progress of albumin-bilirubin score in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

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