Investigation on the Incidence of Urolithiasis in Infants Fed by Milk Powder Tainted with Melamine in the Middle Area of Anhui Province_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

HU Shilian ¹ , WU Lei ¹ , CHEN Yin ¹ , PAN Jiahua ² , XU Weiping ¹ , WANG Li ³ , LI Youping ³

1. Anhui Provincial Evidence-based Medicine Center, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China;2. Paediatrics of Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, China;3 .Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine / Cochrane Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Melamine; Milk powder; Infants; Urolithiasis; Anhui province; Incidence; Investigation

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20080230

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Objective 　To investigate the incidence of urolithiasis in infants aged 0-3 years old fed by milk powder tainted with melamine in the middle area of the Anhui province, as well as its relationship to gender, age, milk powder consumption and drinking water.
Methods 　Questionnaires were distributed to 1079 infants who were screened for urolithiasis by ultrasound examination from September 25, 2008 to October 17, 2008. Data was collected by Epidata and analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.
Results 　A total of 646 (59.87%) male infants and 433 (40.13%) female infants underwent ultrasound examination in Anhui Provincial Hospital. Of these, 86 infants were diagnosed with urolithiasis with an incidence of 7.97%, including 62 males (72.09%) and 24 females (27.91%). The mean age of those infants with urolithiasis was 1.85±0.77, and all of calculus was located in kidney. The relationship between the incidence of urolithiasis and gender, age, drinking water, feeding bottle sanitation, birth status, as well as the amount of milk powder intake was assessed by using the Pearson Chi-square test. Results showed that significant differences were noted in the incidence of urolithiasis among infants of different genders or with different drinking water sources (P lt;0.05). The result of multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that gender was related to the incidence of urolithiasis (P lt;0.05). The incidence of urolithiasis in female infants was only 58.7% of that in male infants (OR 0.587, 95%CI 0.359 to 0.959).
Conclusion 　 The incidence of urolithiasis in infants aged 0-3 years of old in the middle area of Anhui province is relatively high and has anatomical specificity. Further data during the follow-up of these cases should be collected.

Citation： HU Shilian,WU Lei,CHEN Yin,PAN Jiahua,XU Weiping,WANG Li,LI Youping. Investigation on the Incidence of Urolithiasis in Infants Fed by Milk Powder Tainted with Melamine in the Middle Area of Anhui Province. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2008, 08(12): 1039-1042. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20080230 Copy

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1. 2008年12月1日,《卫生部通报三鹿牌婴幼儿奶粉事件医疗救治工作情况》. 卫生部办公厅. 户http://www.moh.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/mohbgt/s3582/200812/38386.htm.
2. 2008年9月13日, 卫生部办公厅关于印发《与食用受污染三鹿牌婴幼儿配方奶粉相关的婴幼儿泌尿系统结石诊疗方案》的通知.卫生部医政司. http://www.moh.gov.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/mohyzs/s3586/200809/37772.htm.
3. Hesse A, Siener R. Current aspects of epidemiology and nutrition in urinary stone disease. World J Urol, 1997, 15(3): 165-171.
4. Kit LC, Filler G, Pike J, et al. Pediatric urolithiasis: experience at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Can Urol Assoc J, 2008, 2(4): 381-386.
5. Rizvi SA, Naqvi SA, Hussain Z, et al. Pediatric urolithiasis: developing nation perspectives. J Urol, 2002, 168(4): 1522-1525.
6. López Pereira P, Moreno Valle JA, et al. Enterocystoplasty in children with neuropathicbladders: long-term follow-up. J Pediatr Urol, 2008, 4(1): 27-31.
7. VanDervoort K, Wiesen J, Frank R, et al. Urolithiasis in pediatric patients: a single center study of incidence, clinical presentation and outcome. J Urol, 2007, 177(6): 2300-2305.
8. Mohamed J, Riadh M, Abdellatif N. Urolithiasis in infants. Pediatr Surg Int, 2007, 23(4): 295-299.
9. Sarica K. Medical aspect and minimal invasive treatment of urinary stones in children. Arch Ital Urol Androl, 2008, 80(2): 43-49.
10. Lattupalli R, Yee J, Kolluru A. Nephrotoxicity of mala fide melamine: modern era milkscandal. Scientific World Journal, 2008, 8: 949-507.
11. Cremonezzi DC, Diaz MP, Valentich MA, et al. Neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions induced by melamine in rat urothelium are modulated by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids. Food Chem Toxicol, 2004, 42(12): 1999-2007.
12. López M, Hoppe B. History, epidemiology and regional diversities of urolithiasis. Pediatr Nephrol, 2008, 27 on line [Epub ahead of print].
13. Erbagci A, Erbagci AB, Yilmaz M, et al. Pediatric urolithiasisevaluation of risk factors in 95 children. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 2003, 37(2): 129-133.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Investigation on the Incidence of Urolithiasis in Infants Fed by Milk Powder Tainted with Melamine in the Middle Area of Anhui Province

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