An Introduction to Evidence-Based Medicine Glossary V_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

CHEN Yaolong ^1# , LI Xiao ^2# , MEI Youwen ² , CAI Yujia ³ , TAN Peiyong ² , HUANG Cheng ² , WANG Mengshu ² , Wang Ziwei ² , DU Liang ³ ,  LI Youping ¹

1. Division of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;2. West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;3. Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;

Corresponding author：

LI Youping, Email: yzmylab@hotmail.com

Keywords：

Evidence-based medicine; Glossary; Error; Bias; Uncertainty

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20090129

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This is the fifth paper in the evidence-based medicine glossary series. In this paper, we mainly introduce the systematic error（bias）and random error in medical research, review the definition and classification of bias made by different institutions and individuals. We also identify and categorize more than 10 types of bias in systematic review, which are considered the best evidence in evidence-based medicine. Additionally, we introduce some methods to reduce and eliminate bias, explaine six subject headings related to bias in MeSH, and introduce a new glossary — uncertainty in metrology.

Citation： CHEN Yaolong,LI Xiao,MEI Youwen,CAI Yujia,TAN Peiyong,HUANG Cheng,WANG Mengshu,Wang Ziwei,DU Liang,LI Youping. An Introduction to Evidence-Based Medicine Glossary V. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2009, 09(7): 734-739. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20090129 Copy

1.	陈耀龙, 蔡羽嘉, 王梦书, 等. 循证医学术语介绍 II. 中国循证医学杂志, 2009, 9(2): 143-146.
2.	Porta M, ed. A dictionary of epidemiology, 5th edn. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
3.	梁万年. 临床研究中常见的偏倚及其控制. 临床眼科杂志, 1996, 4(1): 56-57.
4.	Miettinen OS, Cook EF. Confounding: essence and detection. Amer J Epid, 1981, 114: 593-603.
5.	Sackett DL. Bias in analytic research. J Chron Dis, 1979, 32: 51-63.
6.	Feinstein AR, Walter SD, Horwitz RI. An analysis of Berkson’s bias in case control studies. J Chron Dis, 1986, 39: 495-504.
7.	姚才良. 中国公共卫生, 1990, 6(6): 279-282.
8.	Steineck G, Ahlbom A. A definition of bias founded on the concept of the study base. Epidemiology, 1992, 3: 477-482.
9.	范维琥. 新药与临床, 1992, 11(2): 114.
10.	Choi BCK. Bias, overview. In: Gail MH, Benichou J, eds. Encyclopedia of epidemiologic methods. Chichester: Wiley, 2000, 74-82.
11.	Maclure M, Schneeweiss S. Causation of bias: the episcope. Epidemiology, 2001, 12: 114-122.
12.	王家良, 主编. 临床流行病学-临床科研设计、衡量与评价. 第2 版. 上海: 上海科技出版社, 2001. 163-183.
13.	Delgado-Rodr?′guez M, Llorca J. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2004, 58: 635-641.
14.	Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade M, et al. Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. 2 edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. 2008.
15.	王家良, 王滨有, 主编. 临床流行病学. 第3版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2008. 110-126.
16.	赵仲堂. 流行病学研究方法与应用. 第2版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2005. 564-567.
17.	李立明, 主编. 第5版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2004.
18.	Campbell DT. Factors relevant to the validity of experiments in social settings. Psychol Bull, 1957, 54: 297-312.
19.	Campbell DT, Stanley JC. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research on teaching. In: Gage NL, ed. Handbook of research on teaching. Chicago: Ran d McNally, 1963, 171-246.
20.	李静, 李幼平. 不断完善与发展的Cochrane系统评价. 中国循证医学杂志, 2008, 8(9): 742-743.
21.	邢书明, 毛磊. 测量不确定度与误差的分析探讨. 河北机电学院学报, 1997, 14(1): 30-34.

1. 陈耀龙, 蔡羽嘉, 王梦书, 等. 循证医学术语介绍 II. 中国循证医学杂志, 2009, 9(2): 143-146.
2. Porta M, ed. A dictionary of epidemiology, 5th edn. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
3. 梁万年. 临床研究中常见的偏倚及其控制. 临床眼科杂志, 1996, 4(1): 56-57.
4. Miettinen OS, Cook EF. Confounding: essence and detection. Amer J Epid, 1981, 114: 593-603.
5. Sackett DL. Bias in analytic research. J Chron Dis, 1979, 32: 51-63.
6. Feinstein AR, Walter SD, Horwitz RI. An analysis of Berkson’s bias in case control studies. J Chron Dis, 1986, 39: 495-504.
7. 姚才良. 中国公共卫生, 1990, 6(6): 279-282.
8. Steineck G, Ahlbom A. A definition of bias founded on the concept of the study base. Epidemiology, 1992, 3: 477-482.
9. 范维琥. 新药与临床, 1992, 11(2): 114.
10. Choi BCK. Bias, overview. In: Gail MH, Benichou J, eds. Encyclopedia of epidemiologic methods. Chichester: Wiley, 2000, 74-82.
11. Maclure M, Schneeweiss S. Causation of bias: the episcope. Epidemiology, 2001, 12: 114-122.
12. 王家良, 主编. 临床流行病学-临床科研设计、衡量与评价. 第2 版. 上海: 上海科技出版社, 2001. 163-183.
13. Delgado-Rodr?′guez M, Llorca J. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2004, 58: 635-641.
14. Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade M, et al. Users’ Guides to the Medical Literature: A Manual for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice. 2 edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. 2008.
15. 王家良, 王滨有, 主编. 临床流行病学. 第3版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2008. 110-126.
16. 赵仲堂. 流行病学研究方法与应用. 第2版. 北京: 科学出版社, 2005. 564-567.
17. 李立明, 主编. 第5版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2004.
18. Campbell DT. Factors relevant to the validity of experiments in social settings. Psychol Bull, 1957, 54: 297-312.
19. Campbell DT, Stanley JC. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research on teaching. In: Gage NL, ed. Handbook of research on teaching. Chicago: Ran d McNally, 1963, 171-246.
20. 李静, 李幼平. 不断完善与发展的Cochrane系统评价. 中国循证医学杂志, 2008, 8(9): 742-743.
21. 邢书明, 毛磊. 测量不确定度与误差的分析探讨. 河北机电学院学报, 1997, 14(1): 30-34.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

An Introduction to Evidence-Based Medicine Glossary V

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