The Research Progress of CD90 Protein_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

ZHAO Hewei ¹ , WANG Taihong ² , ZHENG Suwen ² , SUN Jingfeng ¹ , ZHANG Yewei ²

1. Graduate School of Nanjing Medical University， Nanjing 210029， Jiangsu Province， China;;
2. Department of General Surgery， Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University， Nanjing 210009， Jiangsu Province， China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

CD90 protein; Immunoglobulin; Stem cells; Molecular marker

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Objective 　To summarize the research progress of CD90 protein.
Methods 　The demestic and international published literatures related to CD90 protein in recent years were collected and reviewed.
Results 　CD90 protein was involved in the cell-cell and cell-cytoplasm function. CD90 protein could promote axons growth and neural regeneration， and could induce apoptosis of thymus gland cells and stromal cells. CD90 protein participated in cell adhesion， extravasation and transfer， and the regulation of fibrosis. CD90 protein was a potential marker for cancer stem cells.
Conclusion 　CD90 protein is very important in development of many diseases， and can provide a new molecular target to diagnose and treat neoplasms.

Citation： ZHAO Hewei,WANG Taihong,ZHENG Suwen,SUN Jingfeng,ZHANG Yewei. The Research Progress of CD90 Protein. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2012, 19(9): 1015-1019. doi: Copy

1.	Majeti R， Becker MW， Tian Q， et al. Dysregulated gene　expression networks in human acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 2009， 106(9)：3396-3401.
2.	Saalbach A， Wetzig T， Haustein UF， et al. Detection of human　soluble Thy-1 in serum by ELISA. Fibroblasts and activated endothelial cells are a possible source of soluble Thy-1 in serum[J]. Cell Tissue Res， 1999， 298(2)： 307-315.
3.	Henniker AJ. CD90[J]. Biol Regul Homeost Agents， 2001， 15(4)：392-393.
4.	Bradley JE， Ramirez G， Hagood JS. Roles and regulation of Thy-1， a context-dependent modulator of cell phenotype[J]. Biofactors， 2009， 35(3)：258-265.
5.	Shimazaki C， Sumikuma T， Inaba T. CD34+ CD90+ cells and late hematopoietic reconstitution after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation[J]. Leuk Lymphoma， 2004， 45(4)：661-668.
6.	Cohen FE， Novotný J， Sternberg MJ， et al. Analysis of structural　similarities between brain Thy-1 antigen and immunoglobulin　domains. Evidence for an evolutionary relationship and a hypothesis for its functional significance[J]. Biochem J， 1981， 195(1)：31-40.
7.	Schanberg LE， Fleenor DE， Kurtzberg J， et al. Isolation and characterization of the genomic human CD7 gene： structural similarity with the murine Thy-1 gene[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 1991， 88(2)：603-607.
8.	Kyurkchiev S， Shterev A， Dimitrov R. Assessment of presence and characteristics of multipotent stromal cells in human endometrium and decidua[J]. Reprod Biomed， 2010， 20(3)：305-313.
9.	Assmann KJ， van Son JP， Dïjkman HB， et al. Antibody-induced albuminuria and accelerated focal glomerulosclerosis in the Thy-1.1　transgenic mouse[J]. Kidney Int， 2002， 62(1)：116-126.
10.	Haeryfar SM， Conrad DM， Musgrave B， et al. Antibody blockade of Thy-1 (CD90) impairs mouse cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody[J]. Immunol Cell Biol， 2005， 83(4)：352-363.
11.	Alenzi FQ， Alenazi BQ，Ahmad SY， et al. The haemopoietic stem cell：between apoptosis and self renewal[J]. Yale J Biol Med， 2009， 82(1)：7-18.
12.	Lehmann GM， Woeller CF， Pollock SJ， et al. Novel anti-adipogenic activity produced by human fibroblasts[J]. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol， 2010， 299(3)：C672- C681.
13.	Schubert K， Polte T， Bönisch U， et al. Thy-1 (CD90) regulates the extravasation of leukocytes during inflammation[J]. Eur J Immunol， 2011， 41(3)：645-656.
14.	Choi J， Leyton L， Nham SU. Characterization of alphaX　I-domain binding to Thy-1[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun， 2005， 331(2)：557-561.
15.	Guisado VP， Villar JL， Ibañez MJ， et al. Immunohistochemical organization patterns of the follicular dendritic cells， myofibroblasts and macrophages in the human spleen——new considerations on the pathological diagnosis of splenectomy pieces[J]. Int J Clin Exp Pathol， 2009， 3(2)：189-202.
16.	Chen CH， Wang SM， Yang SH， et al. Role of Thy-1 in in vivo and in vitro neural development and regeneration of dorsal root ganglionic neurons[J]. J Cell Biochem， 2005， 94(4)：684-694.
17.	Rege TA， Hagood JS. Thy-1， a versatile modulator of signaling affecting cellular adhesion， proliferation， survival， and cytokine/growth factor responses[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta， 2006， 1763(10)：991-999.
18.	Haeryfar SM， Hoskin DW. Thy-1：more than a mouse pan-T cell marker[J]. Immunol， 2004， 173(6)： 3581-3588.
19.	Barker TH， Hagood JS. Getting a grip on Thy-1 signaling[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta， 2009， 1793(5)：921-923.
20.	Saalbach A， Kraft R， Herrmann K， et al. The monoclonal antibody AS02 recognizes a protein on human fibroblasts being highly homologous to Thy-1[J]. Arch Dermatol Res， 1998， 290(7)： 360-366.
21.	Killeen N. T-cell regulation：Thy-1——hiding in full view[J]. Curr Biol， 1997， 7(12)：R774- R777.
22.	Hermosilla T， Muñoz D， Herrera-Molina R， et al. Direct　Thy-1/alphaⅤbeta3 integrin interaction mediates neuron to astrocyte communication[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta， 2008， 1783(6)：1111-1120.
23.	Lelièvre E， Lionneton F， Soncin F， et al. The Ets family contains transcriptional activators and repressors involved in angiogenesis[J]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol， 2001， 33(4)：391-407.
24.	Conrad DM， Furlong SJ， Doucette CD， et al. Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in Thy-1-induced T-lymphocyte activation[J]. Cell Signal， 2009， 21(8)：1298-1307.
25.	Bukovsky A， Caudle MR， Carson RJ， et al. Immune physiology in tissue regeneration and aging， tumor growth， and regenerative medicine[J]. Aging (Albany NY)， 2009， 1(2)：157-181.
26.	Rege TA， Hagood JS. Thy-1 as a regulator of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in axon regeneration， apoptosis， adhesion， migration， cancer， and fibrosis[J]. FASEB J， 2006， 20(8)：1045-1054.
27.	Leung CK， Weinreb RN. Experimental detection of retinal ganglion cell damage in vivo[J]. Exp Eye Res， 2009， 88(4)：831-836.
28.	Hagood JS， Prabhakaran P， Kumbla P， et al. Loss of fibroblast Thy-1 expression correlates with lung fibrogenesis[J]. Am J Pathol， 2005， 167(2)：365-379.
29.	Zhou Y， Hagood JS， Murphy-Ullrich JE. Thy-1 expression regulates the ability of rat lung fibroblast to activate transforming growth factor-beta in response to fibrogenic stimuli[J]. Am J Pathol， 2004， 165(2)： 659-669.
30.	Dezso K， Jelnes P， László V， et al. Thy-1 is expressed in hepatic　myofibroblasts and not oval cells in stem cell-mediated liverregeneration[J]. Am J Pathol， 2007， 171(5)：1529-1537.
31.	Rege TA， Pallero MA， Gomez C， et al. Thy-1， via its GPI anchor， modulates Src family kinase and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation and subcellular localization， and fibroblast migration， in response to thrombospondinl/hepⅠ[J]. Exp Cell Res， 2006， 312(19)：3752-3767.
32.	Anders YY， Pardo A， Selman M， et al. Thy-1 promoter hypermethylation：a novel epigenetic pathogenic mechanism in pulmonary fibrosis[J]. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol， 2008， 39(5)： 610-618.
33.	Hagood JS， Miller PJ， Lasky JA， et al. Differential expression of platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor by Thy-1(-) and　Thy-1(+) lung fibroblasts[J]. Am J Physiol， 1999， 277(1)： L218-L224.
34.	Lama VN， Phan SH. The extrapulmonary origin of fibroblasts：stem/progenitor cells and beyond[J]. Proc Am Thorac Soc， 2006， 3(4)：373-376.
35.	Hueber AO， Bernard AM， Battari CL， et al. Thymocytes in　Thy-1-/- mice show augmented TCR signaling and impaired　differentiation[J]. Curr Biol， 1997， 7(9)：705-708.
36.	Jung LK， Roy AK， Chakkalath HR. CD7 augments T cell proliferation via the interleukin-2 autocrine pathway[J]. Cell Immunol， 1992， 141(1)：189-199.
37.	Robinson PJ， Millrain M， Antoniou J， et al. A glycophospholipid anchor is required for Qa-2-mediated T cell activation[J]. Nature， 1989， 342(6245)：85-87.
38.	Beissert S， He HT， Hueber AO， et al. Impaired cutaneous　immune responses in Thy-1-deficient mice[J]. J Immunol， 1998， 161(10)：5296-5302.
39.	Leyton L， Quest AF， Bron C. Thy-1/CD3 coengagement promotes TCR signaling and enhances particularly tyrosine phosphorylation of the raft molecule LAT[J]. Mol Immunol， 1999， 36(11-12)：755-768.
40.	Yang ZF， Ho DW， Ng MN， et al. Significance of CD90+ cancer stem cells in human liver cancer[J]. Cancer Cell， 2008， 13(2)：153-166.
41.	Yamashita T， Ji J， Budhu A， et al. EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells are tumor-initiating cells with stern/progenitor cell features[J]. Gastroenterology， 2009， 136(3)：1012-1024.
42.	Mishra L， Banker T， Murray J， et al. Liver stem cells and hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Hepatology， 2009， 49(1)：318-329.
43.	Yang ZF， Ngai P， Ho DW， et al. Identification of local and circulating cancer stem cells in human liver cancer[J]. Hepatology， 2008， 47(3)：919-928.
44.	Kobayashi S， Takebe T， Inui M， et al. Reconstruction of human elastic cartilage by a CD44+ CD90+ stem cell in the ear perichondrium[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 2011， 108(35)：14479-14484.

1. Majeti R， Becker MW， Tian Q， et al. Dysregulated gene　expression networks in human acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 2009， 106(9)：3396-3401.
2. Saalbach A， Wetzig T， Haustein UF， et al. Detection of human　soluble Thy-1 in serum by ELISA. Fibroblasts and activated endothelial cells are a possible source of soluble Thy-1 in serum[J]. Cell Tissue Res， 1999， 298(2)： 307-315.
3. Henniker AJ. CD90[J]. Biol Regul Homeost Agents， 2001， 15(4)：392-393.
4. Bradley JE， Ramirez G， Hagood JS. Roles and regulation of Thy-1， a context-dependent modulator of cell phenotype[J]. Biofactors， 2009， 35(3)：258-265.
5. Shimazaki C， Sumikuma T， Inaba T. CD34+ CD90+ cells and late hematopoietic reconstitution after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation[J]. Leuk Lymphoma， 2004， 45(4)：661-668.
6. Cohen FE， Novotný J， Sternberg MJ， et al. Analysis of structural　similarities between brain Thy-1 antigen and immunoglobulin　domains. Evidence for an evolutionary relationship and a hypothesis for its functional significance[J]. Biochem J， 1981， 195(1)：31-40.
7. Schanberg LE， Fleenor DE， Kurtzberg J， et al. Isolation and characterization of the genomic human CD7 gene： structural similarity with the murine Thy-1 gene[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 1991， 88(2)：603-607.
8. Kyurkchiev S， Shterev A， Dimitrov R. Assessment of presence and characteristics of multipotent stromal cells in human endometrium and decidua[J]. Reprod Biomed， 2010， 20(3)：305-313.
9. Assmann KJ， van Son JP， Dïjkman HB， et al. Antibody-induced albuminuria and accelerated focal glomerulosclerosis in the Thy-1.1　transgenic mouse[J]. Kidney Int， 2002， 62(1)：116-126.
10. Haeryfar SM， Conrad DM， Musgrave B， et al. Antibody blockade of Thy-1 (CD90) impairs mouse cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody[J]. Immunol Cell Biol， 2005， 83(4)：352-363.
11. Alenzi FQ， Alenazi BQ，Ahmad SY， et al. The haemopoietic stem cell：between apoptosis and self renewal[J]. Yale J Biol Med， 2009， 82(1)：7-18.
12. Lehmann GM， Woeller CF， Pollock SJ， et al. Novel anti-adipogenic activity produced by human fibroblasts[J]. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol， 2010， 299(3)：C672- C681.
13. Schubert K， Polte T， Bönisch U， et al. Thy-1 (CD90) regulates the extravasation of leukocytes during inflammation[J]. Eur J Immunol， 2011， 41(3)：645-656.
14. Choi J， Leyton L， Nham SU. Characterization of alphaX　I-domain binding to Thy-1[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun， 2005， 331(2)：557-561.
15. Guisado VP， Villar JL， Ibañez MJ， et al. Immunohistochemical organization patterns of the follicular dendritic cells， myofibroblasts and macrophages in the human spleen——new considerations on the pathological diagnosis of splenectomy pieces[J]. Int J Clin Exp Pathol， 2009， 3(2)：189-202.
16. Chen CH， Wang SM， Yang SH， et al. Role of Thy-1 in in vivo and in vitro neural development and regeneration of dorsal root ganglionic neurons[J]. J Cell Biochem， 2005， 94(4)：684-694.
17. Rege TA， Hagood JS. Thy-1， a versatile modulator of signaling affecting cellular adhesion， proliferation， survival， and cytokine/growth factor responses[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta， 2006， 1763(10)：991-999.
18. Haeryfar SM， Hoskin DW. Thy-1：more than a mouse pan-T cell marker[J]. Immunol， 2004， 173(6)： 3581-3588.
19. Barker TH， Hagood JS. Getting a grip on Thy-1 signaling[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta， 2009， 1793(5)：921-923.
20. Saalbach A， Kraft R， Herrmann K， et al. The monoclonal antibody AS02 recognizes a protein on human fibroblasts being highly homologous to Thy-1[J]. Arch Dermatol Res， 1998， 290(7)： 360-366.
21. Killeen N. T-cell regulation：Thy-1——hiding in full view[J]. Curr Biol， 1997， 7(12)：R774- R777.
22. Hermosilla T， Muñoz D， Herrera-Molina R， et al. Direct　Thy-1/alphaⅤbeta3 integrin interaction mediates neuron to astrocyte communication[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta， 2008， 1783(6)：1111-1120.
23. Lelièvre E， Lionneton F， Soncin F， et al. The Ets family contains transcriptional activators and repressors involved in angiogenesis[J]. Int J Biochem Cell Biol， 2001， 33(4)：391-407.
24. Conrad DM， Furlong SJ， Doucette CD， et al. Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in Thy-1-induced T-lymphocyte activation[J]. Cell Signal， 2009， 21(8)：1298-1307.
25. Bukovsky A， Caudle MR， Carson RJ， et al. Immune physiology in tissue regeneration and aging， tumor growth， and regenerative medicine[J]. Aging (Albany NY)， 2009， 1(2)：157-181.
26. Rege TA， Hagood JS. Thy-1 as a regulator of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in axon regeneration， apoptosis， adhesion， migration， cancer， and fibrosis[J]. FASEB J， 2006， 20(8)：1045-1054.
27. Leung CK， Weinreb RN. Experimental detection of retinal ganglion cell damage in vivo[J]. Exp Eye Res， 2009， 88(4)：831-836.
28. Hagood JS， Prabhakaran P， Kumbla P， et al. Loss of fibroblast Thy-1 expression correlates with lung fibrogenesis[J]. Am J Pathol， 2005， 167(2)：365-379.
29. Zhou Y， Hagood JS， Murphy-Ullrich JE. Thy-1 expression regulates the ability of rat lung fibroblast to activate transforming growth factor-beta in response to fibrogenic stimuli[J]. Am J Pathol， 2004， 165(2)： 659-669.
30. Dezso K， Jelnes P， László V， et al. Thy-1 is expressed in hepatic　myofibroblasts and not oval cells in stem cell-mediated liverregeneration[J]. Am J Pathol， 2007， 171(5)：1529-1537.
31. Rege TA， Pallero MA， Gomez C， et al. Thy-1， via its GPI anchor， modulates Src family kinase and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation and subcellular localization， and fibroblast migration， in response to thrombospondinl/hepⅠ[J]. Exp Cell Res， 2006， 312(19)：3752-3767.
32. Anders YY， Pardo A， Selman M， et al. Thy-1 promoter hypermethylation：a novel epigenetic pathogenic mechanism in pulmonary fibrosis[J]. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol， 2008， 39(5)： 610-618.
33. Hagood JS， Miller PJ， Lasky JA， et al. Differential expression of platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor by Thy-1(-) and　Thy-1(+) lung fibroblasts[J]. Am J Physiol， 1999， 277(1)： L218-L224.
34. Lama VN， Phan SH. The extrapulmonary origin of fibroblasts：stem/progenitor cells and beyond[J]. Proc Am Thorac Soc， 2006， 3(4)：373-376.
35. Hueber AO， Bernard AM， Battari CL， et al. Thymocytes in　Thy-1-/- mice show augmented TCR signaling and impaired　differentiation[J]. Curr Biol， 1997， 7(9)：705-708.
36. Jung LK， Roy AK， Chakkalath HR. CD7 augments T cell proliferation via the interleukin-2 autocrine pathway[J]. Cell Immunol， 1992， 141(1)：189-199.
37. Robinson PJ， Millrain M， Antoniou J， et al. A glycophospholipid anchor is required for Qa-2-mediated T cell activation[J]. Nature， 1989， 342(6245)：85-87.
38. Beissert S， He HT， Hueber AO， et al. Impaired cutaneous　immune responses in Thy-1-deficient mice[J]. J Immunol， 1998， 161(10)：5296-5302.
39. Leyton L， Quest AF， Bron C. Thy-1/CD3 coengagement promotes TCR signaling and enhances particularly tyrosine phosphorylation of the raft molecule LAT[J]. Mol Immunol， 1999， 36(11-12)：755-768.
40. Yang ZF， Ho DW， Ng MN， et al. Significance of CD90+ cancer stem cells in human liver cancer[J]. Cancer Cell， 2008， 13(2)：153-166.
41. Yamashita T， Ji J， Budhu A， et al. EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma cells are tumor-initiating cells with stern/progenitor cell features[J]. Gastroenterology， 2009， 136(3)：1012-1024.
42. Mishra L， Banker T， Murray J， et al. Liver stem cells and hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Hepatology， 2009， 49(1)：318-329.
43. Yang ZF， Ngai P， Ho DW， et al. Identification of local and circulating cancer stem cells in human liver cancer[J]. Hepatology， 2008， 47(3)：919-928.
44. Kobayashi S， Takebe T， Inui M， et al. Reconstruction of human elastic cartilage by a CD44+ CD90+ stem cell in the ear perichondrium[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA， 2011， 108(35)：14479-14484.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

The Research Progress of CD90 Protein

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