目的 通过对腹部手术后自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)不同药物配方的研究,探讨酒石酸布托啡诺与舒芬太尼用于术后PCIA临床效果。 方法 将2012年2月-8月收治的60例麻醉分级为Ⅰ~Ⅲ级需术后镇痛的腹部手术患者(均无心、肺、肝、肾、脑、内分泌疾病及过敏史)随机分成两组:酒石酸布托啡诺组(N组,n=30),舒芬太尼组(S组,n=30)。观察镇痛效果和不良反应发生率。 结果 两组镇痛效果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不良反应(包括恶心、呕吐、头晕、嗜睡、皮肤瘙痒、呼吸抑制、尿潴留等),N组发生率均低于S组(P<0.05)。 结论 酒石酸布托啡诺用于PCIA安全、有效,不良反应少。
目的 观察酒石酸布托啡诺与芬太尼合用于术后静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)的效果及最佳混合比例。 方法 2010年8月-2011年1月100例妇科手术患者,随机分为5组,每组20例。均全身麻醉术后采用负荷量+持续背景剂量+PCIA方案镇痛。根据不同配方分为F组:芬太尼1 mg+生理盐水至100 mL;B组:酒石酸布托啡诺10 mg+生理盐水至100 mL;BFⅠ组:芬太尼0.6 mg+酒石酸布托啡诺3 mg+生理盐水至90 mL;BFⅡ组:芬太尼0.5 mg+酒石酸布托啡诺5 mg+生理盐水至100 mL;BFⅢ组:芬太尼0.3 mg+酒石酸布托啡诺6 mg+生理盐水至90 mL。观察术后各时点视觉模拟评分(VAS)及镇静评分,患者满意度以及不良反应情况。 结果 术后早期BFⅢ组和B组VAS评分大于F组;镇静评分B组大于F组;B组满意度优良率小于其余各组;恶心呕吐发生率F组高于BFⅠ组及BFⅡ组。 结论 酒石酸布托啡诺和芬太尼合用于PCIA,镇痛效果确切,不良反应发生率低。推荐配比:BFⅠ组和BFⅡ组。
目的 评估术后亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮提高布托啡诺自控静脉镇痛(patient sey-controlled intravenous analgesia, PCIA)效果的可行性及应用价值。 方法 将2008年6月-2009年5月收治的68例美国麻醉师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级的择期外科手术患者随机分为B组(0.2 mg/mL布托啡诺组)和BK组(0.2 mg/mL布托啡诺和4 mg/mL氯胺酮混合液组),每组34例。患者于手术结束后连接自控镇痛泵行自控PCIA。观察并记录拔除气管导管后及PCIA后1、4、8、12、24 h患者疼痛评分视觉模拟评分(VAS)、镇静评分、血压、心率、血氧饱和度(SPO2)、按压次数和布托啡诺消耗量,以及呼吸抑制(SPO2≤92%)、恶心呕吐、尿潴留等并发症。 结果 BK组24 h布托啡诺用量减少40%,VAS评分降低,与B组比较差异均有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。同时VASgt;3的发生率明显减少(Plt;0.05)。镇静评分和过度镇静发生率降低,但差异无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。恶心呕吐的发生率两组差异无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。 结论 布托啡诺配伍亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮在术后患者PCIA中能增强布托啡诺的镇痛效果,不良反应无明显增加。
目的:把布托啡诺与曲马多联合用于分娩镇痛,观察其效果、副作用及安全性。方法:足月初产妇共40例,随机分为两组。在宫口开大3~4 cm时于腰2~3硬膜外穿刺置管,1%利多卡因4 mL做试探剂量,待出现麻醉平面后,布托啡诺组产妇在硬膜外接受布托啡诺1 mg(2 mL)+0.05%曲马多与0.15%罗哌卡因混合液8 mL;曲马多组接受曲马多100 mg(2 mL)+0.05%曲马多与0.15%罗哌卡因混合液8 mL。记录用药前、用药后5、10、30 min宫缩时疼痛VAS评分、镇静Ramesay评分,新生儿Apgar评分,观察副作用发生率。结果:布托啡诺组在给药后5、10、30 min VAS评分都明显低于曲马多组(P<0.05);镇静Ramesay评分在给药10 min时布托啡诺组明显大于曲马多组(P<0.05);恶心、呕吐发生率曲马多组明显大于布托啡诺组。结论:硬膜外1 mg布托啡诺与曲马多、罗哌卡因混合液用于分娩镇痛效果好,对新生儿安全,减少副作用的发生。
ObjectiveTo compare the effect of pretreatment with butorphanol or tramadol for prevention of propofol-induced injection pain by intravenous injection or drip, in order to explore a safe and effective method. MethodsWe chose 150 patients of ASAⅠ-Ⅱundergoing elective surgery between October 2012 and March 2013 in Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into five groups with 30 patients in each group:butorphanol injection and drip group (group BI and group BD), tramadol injection and drip group (group TI and group TD), control group (group C). Five minutes before anesthesia induction, patients in group BI, TI and C were respectively injected with butorphanol 2 mg, tramadol 100 mg, and saline; patients in group BD and TD were respectively injected with butorphanol 2 mg and tramadol 100 mg before receiving propofol (2.5 mg/kg) for 2 minutes. Assessment of pain during injection was done by using a four-point scale. ResultsThe pre-injection pain incidence in group BI and TI was significantly higher than that in group BD, TD and C(P < 0.05), and it was significantly higher in group BI than group TI (P < 0.05). The incidence of propofol injection pain in group BI, BD, TI and TD were significantly lower than that in group C (P < 0.05), and it was the lowest in group BD (P < 0.05) followed by group BI (P < 0.05). The total rate of pain in group BD was only 6.67%, significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThe pretreatment with butorphanol and tramadol by intravenous injection or drip can reduce the incidence of propofol injection pain. Pretreatment with butorphanol at 2 mg by intravenous drip is more effective, but should be closely observed to avoid adverse events.