目的 总结分析急诊观察室患者流行病学特点及临床疗效，为临床急诊治疗提供指导。 方法 以2007年1月－2010年12月收治的247 312例急诊观察室患者为研究对象，按年龄、性别、地域分布、疾病种类、发病时间、好转率、收入院百分率、死亡率等因素进行流行病学分析。 结果 各年度患者人数呈增加趋势，2010年减缓；城镇患者占91.5%；20～40岁患者占45.9%，40～60岁患者占27.2%，＞60岁占21.3%；疾病种类分布中呼吸系统占42.4%，心血管疾病患者数量呈升高趋势，以老年人为主，中毒患者呈下降趋势。全年6、7、8月份因发热、上呼吸道感染患者较多，总数增加明显，其次11、12、1月份因慢性支气管炎急发患者较多，总数也有升高趋势；白天工作时间患者数量占66.2%；平均每天就诊人次为169.4人次，节假双休日平均每天就诊人次为191.1人次（P＜0.01）；各年度好转率呈升高趋势，收入院百分率无显著变化，死亡率无显著区别。 结论 近年急诊观察室患者以呼吸系统疾病为主，好转率呈升高趋势，但心血管疾病数量呈升高且有年轻化趋势，值得重视。
ObjectiveTo discuss clinical characteristics and nursing countermeasure of pregnant/delivery women with tuberculosis. MethodsFrom January 2012 to December 2013, 52 cases of pregnant women complicated with tuberculosis were included. We offered specific nursing according to the psychological counseling, reasonable administration, diet nursing, fever and prevention of hospital infection on the base of their clinical features, and then analyzed the effect. ResultsIn 52 patients who had undergone the tuberculosis and obsterrics and gynecology treatment, 4 puerperal patients died of severe pneumonia and multiple organ failure; in 48 gestational patients with tuberculosis, 23 early-middle term patients accept termination of pregnancy, and in 25 middle-late term patients, 3 had full-term natural labor, 4 underwent full-term cesarean section, 5 had premature labor, and 13 continued the pregnacy. Sixteen neonatus (including 4 given at the other hospitals) had normal results of physical examination without any deformity, in whom 5 had low body weight (body weight less than 2500 g), with negative results of tuberculin test and the result of 3-moth follow-up was normal. Three months after the anti-tuberculosis treatment, the lesion was obviously absorbed in 25 patients and in 23 patients within half of a year. No patients had hospital infection. ConclusionNursing care of pregnant patients with tuberculosis should strengthen the guidance on the patients health education, improve their compliance and self-protection knowledge. Also should strengthen the basic level medical personnel training and improve the ability of early diagnosis of tuberculosis and early treatment to reduce maternal mortality.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the correlation between sleep quality and social support of the elderly.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Springerlink, ProQuest, CMB, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data were searched to collect studies on the correlation between sleep quality and social support of the elderly from January 1996 to January 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 9 studies involving 2 427 elderly people were included. The meta-analysis showed that the combined correlation coefficient between sleep quality and social support was -0.40 (95%CI −0.54 to −0.26). The correlation between sleep quality and social support of the elderly varied with the year of publication and sample size, however without regular change. The correlation coefficient of the elderly from institutions (hospital or pension institutions) was higher than that of the community (−0.33 vs. −0.26); the correlation coefficient of the elderly with health problems was higher than those without health problems (−0.32 vs. −0.25); the results measured by non-random sampling method were higher than those measured by random sampling (−0.37 vs. −0.23); and the results measured by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and social support rating scale (SSRS) were higher than those measured by PSQI and perceived social support scale (PSSS) (−0.30 vs. −0.13).ConclusionsThe higher the level of social support of the elderly in China, the lower the score of PSQI, and the better the sleep quality, in which there are differences in different sample sources and physical conditions.
Mild traumatic brain injury has a large number of patients in China. In recent years, studies have pointed out that the return to work is a key goal for rehabilitation, indicating that patients can start integrating into society again and resume normal work and life as soon as possible, which has a positive impact on their rehabilitation. This article summarizes the relevant factors that affect the return to work from four aspects: individual, disease, occupation, and social support, and introduces intervention measures such as follow-up and health education, neuromodulatory technology, symptom management, social support, cognitive and occupational rehabilitation, and multidisciplinary occupational rehabilitation, aiming to provide a reference for promoting the research and development of patients with mild traumatic brain injury returning to work in China.