目的：通过经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管（PICC）或锁骨下静脉置管与前臂静脉留置针在血液病患者并发深部真菌感染时应用两性霉素B中的比较，探讨如何减少患者静脉炎及并发症发生率和再次静脉穿刺的发生率，从而提高患者生活质量。方法：80例血液病患者分为两组，40例PICC置管或锁骨下静脉置管组为A组，40例前臂静脉留置针为B组，记录静脉炎、疼痛发生情况、留置时间。结果：A组留置时间30～68天，B组留置时间1～5天；A组静脉炎率5%，B组静脉炎率45%；A组疼痛率5%，B组疼痛率35%；结论：在血液病患者并发深部真菌感染时应用两性霉素B治疗中，选用PICC置管或锁骨下静脉置管效果明显优于前臂静脉留置针，值得临床推广。
目的 调查造血干细胞移植出院患者的社会支持现状，寻求相应的护理对策，帮助患者保持较高的社会支持水平。 方法 选择2007年9月-2009年3月在层流病房进行造血干细胞移植的患者48例，采用肖水源的社会支持评定量表，进行住院期间和出院3个月后的问卷调查，并进行统计学分析。 结果 患者住院期间社会支持总分为(41.40±5.60)分，出院3个月后社会支持总分为(38.19±3.65)分，比较具有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。 结论 造血干细胞移植患者出院后社会支持水平降低，护士应加强对造血干细胞移植患者出院后的指导，拓宽造血干细胞移植出院患者社会支持渠道，帮助患者保持较高的社会支持水平，从而促进患者的康复。
【摘要】 目的 总结应用Hyper-CVAD/MA强力化疗方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病的护理措施，以提高护士对相关患者的护理水平。 方法 2004年6月-2009年2月，应用Hyper-CVAD/MA强力化疗方案治疗80例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者，在化疗过程中，护士密切监护并观察化疗药物的不良反应，积极给予护理措施。 结果 80例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者均顺利完成化疗并出院，未发生与护理相关的不良反应。 结论 应用Hyper-CVAD/MA强力方案治疗成人急性淋巴细胞白血病，护理工作十分重要。严密观察病情，强化化疗护理，可以有效地预防和减轻毒副反应的发生。【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the nursing measures of patients with adult acute lymphocytic leukemia treated with hyper-CVAD/MA chemotherapy regimen, a dose-intensive regimen, and improve the level of nursing care. Methods Eighty patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia treated by hyper-CVAD/MA regimen in this hospital were included June 2004 to February 2009.The patients were closely monitored and given nursing interventions.The drug adverse reactions were observed. Results All patients completed scheduled regimen and discharged successfully without any adverse events associated with nursing care. Conclusion The nursing interventions are very important for the patients with adult acute lymphocytic leukemia treated with hyper-CVAD/MA regimen, and close observation on the patients and strengthening nursing care can effectively prevent and mitigate the occurrence of toxicity.
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic characteristics of the notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, so as to guide the prevention, control and treatment of notifiable infectious diseases in the hospital and other medical institutions. MethodsDescriptive analysis was used to make statistics and analysis on the data of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020, and the reporting situation, disease classification and transmission route were summarized. ResultsA total of 21 382 cases of notifiable infectious diseases with 32 types were reported. There was no class A infectious disease reported. There were 16 305 cases (76.26%) of class B infectious diseases and 5 077 cases (23.74%) of class C infectious diseases. The top 5 infectious diseases were pulmonary tuberculosis, influenza, syphilis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (including human immunodeficiency virus infection), and viral hepatitis type B. From the trend of the infectious disease reporting, the number of notifiable infectious diseases showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2020. ConclusionsThe report of notifiable infectious diseases in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2015 to 2020 mainly focuses on class B infectious diseases and class C infectious diseases. In the future, the prevention and control of infectious diseases should focus on respiratory infectious diseases, blood borne and sexually transmitted infectious diseases.
ObjectiveTo provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in hospitals through analyzing the data of notified infectious diseases collected in one general comprehensive hospital from 2009 to 2014. MethodsDescriptive method was used to analyze the data of infectious diseases reported through the reporting system in 6 years in the hospital, and then the incidence, diseases classification and transmission route were summarized. ResultsA total of 15 847 cases, covering 32 notified infectious diseases, were reported between 2009 and 2014, including 15 144 category-B (95.56%) and 703 category-C (4.44%) infectious disease cases, among which the top four were syphilis, hepatitis B, tuberculosis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), with AIDS showing upward trend year by year. There were also 38 H1N1 cases of emerging infectious disease cases. In the view of the trend, there was an upward trend from 2009 to 2012, while there was a downward trend from 2012 to 2014. There were cases for all age groups, and most cases occurred among patients at an age of 40 to 44, accounting for 11.25% of the total cases. Eighteen occupations were involved, and the top five in terms of the number of infections accounted for 63.96% of all the cases. ConclusionCategory-B infections have been the major diseases reported in our hospital from 2009 to 2014. Therefore, the priority of our job in the future should be focused on prevention and control of syphilis, hepatitis B, tuberculosis and AIDS.
Objective To investigate the occurrence of sharp instrument injuries among healthcare workers in a comprehensive teaching hospital and explore the risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention approaches. Methods A total of 1 180 healthcare workers with sharp instrument injuries between 2011 and 2014 were included in the study. Occupational hematogenous exposure monitoring and protecting system for health workers was established and optimized. The report and treatment process was standardized. Targeted monitoring system of sharp instrument injuries was developed. Sharp instrument injuries between 2011 and 2014 were systematically collected and analyzed. Results Between 2011 and 2014, there were 1 180 health workers who had sharp instrument injuries. Health workers had the highest rate of exposure to hepatitis B virus(41.06%), followed by syphilis (13.35%). Syringe needles (27.54%), suture needles (24.15%) and scalp needles (19.58%) were the instruments that caused most of the injuries. We constructed occupational exposure records for all those with sharp instrument injuries, and performed regular follow-up. No hematogenous infections were found because of sharp instrument injuries. Conclusions Sharp instrument injuries are common in healthcare institutions. It is important to establish and perfect the occupational exposure monitoring and protecting system, so as to reduce the risk of occupational exposure for health workers in hospitals.
Objective To optimize the report procedure of infectious diseases, solve the problems during routine surveillance such as incomplete report and incorrect report, in order to improve the report quality of infectious diseases. Methods Common problems in the report cards which were systematically collected in the infectious disease report management system were analyzed. Then, through negotiation with engineers of the information center, procedures which might easily lead to errors were deleted, report procedures were optimized. Furthermore, clinicians were also trained on infectious disease report from time to time. The entire study was divided into three periods, including baseline period (from October 1, 2012 to December 31, 2013), intervention period (from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014) and enhanced intervention period (from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015). The incorrect report rate and incomplete report rate were automatically calculated and compared among the three periods to evaluate the report quality. Results Compared with the baseline period, the total incomplete rate in the enhanced intervention period decreased from 8.21% to 3.19% (χ2=103.143,P<0.001), the incorrect report rate of hepatitis B virus decreased from 32.84% to 21.63% (χ2=19.002,P<0.001), and the incorrect report rate of syphilis decreased from 24.93% to 6.86% (χ2=90.416,P<0.001). respectively. Conclusion The infectious disease report system plays a very important role in timely identification of errors and improvement of incomplete and incorrect report, and is of great significance in the management of infectious diseases.