Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has suspended the use of both celecoxib (Celebrex, Pfizer) and naproxen (Aleve, Bayer) in prevention large clinical trials after discovering that celecoxib and naproxen appeared to increase the risk of cardiovascular events with patients on placebo. FDA also advises patients who are currently taking over the counter naproxen products to carefully follow the instructions on the label. Pfizer suggested that alternatives to celecoxib should be considered based on individual patient needs and risk. The cardiovascular community responds differently.
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets in the treatment of depression. Methods A total of 48 patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of depression of CCMD-3 were randomly treated with Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets or Fluoxetine tablets for 42 days. Hamilton depression rating scale, Hamilton anxiety rating scale, clinical global impression and treatment emergent symptom scale were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Blood routine test, urine routine test and electrocardiogram were examined before and after the treatment. Results The effective rate of Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets [83% (20/ 24) ] was higher than that of Fluoxetine tablets [63% (15/ 24)], with a P value of 0.104. The incidence of adverse reactions was 46% (11/24) in both groups. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets on depression is similar to that of Fluoxetine tablets, with mild adverse reactions to both treatments.
This article aims to review the recall of refecoxib which increases the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and to find the methods to solve problems in post marked monitoring of drug safety.
ObjectivesTo provide an overview of whether the clinical decision support system (CDSS) was effective in reducing medication error and improving medication safety and to assess the quality of available scientific evidence.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect systematic reviews (SRs) on application of clinical decision support system in the medication error and safety from January, 1996 to November, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and then evaluated methodological quality of included SRs by using AMSTAR tool.g AMSTAR tool.ResultsA total of 20 SRs including 256 980 healthcare practitioners and 1 683 675 patients were included. Specifically, 16 studies demonstrated moderate quality and 4 demonstrated high quality. 19 SRs evaluated multiple process of care outcome: 9 were sufficient evidence, 6 were limited evidence, and 7 were insufficient evidence which proved that CDSS had a positive effect on process outcome. 13 SRs evaluated reported patient outcomes: 1 with sufficient evidence, 3 with limited evidence, and 9 without sufficient evidence.ConclusionsCDSS reduces medication error by inconsistently improving process of care measures and seldom improving patient outcomes. Larger samples and longer-term studies are required to ensure a larger and more reliable evidence base on the effects of CDSS intervention on patient outcomes.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic, recurrent, and non-specific intestinal inflammatory diseases. It usually occurs between 20 and 40 years old, overlapping with the patient’s childbearing age. Active IBD may lead to decreased fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pregnancy may also lead to recurrence of IBD. Through studying domestic and foreign related literature on pregnancy and IBD, this article elaborates on the guidance and management of IBD before pregnancy, the disease management of IBD during pregnancy, the disease management of IBD during lactation, and the current status and prospects of traditional Chinese medicine treatment. It aims to provide references for patients and clinicians to have a more scientific understanding of pregnancy with IBD.
Macaque is a common animal model in drug safety assessment. Its behavior reflects its health condition before and after drug administration, which can effectively reveal the side effects of drugs. At present, researchers usually rely on artificial methods to observe the behavior of macaque, which cannot achieve uninterrupted 24-hour monitoring. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a system to realize 24-hour observation and recognition of macaque behavior. In order to solve this problem, this paper constructs a video dataset containing nine kinds of macaque behaviors (MBVD-9), and proposes a network called Transformer-augmented SlowFast for macaque behavior recognition (TAS-MBR) based on this dataset. Specifically, the TAS-MBR network converts the red, green and blue (RGB) color mode frame input by its fast branches into residual frames on the basis of SlowFast network and introduces the Transformer module after the convolution operation to obtain sports information more effectively. The results show that the average classification accuracy of TAS-MBR network for macaque behavior is 94.53%, which is significantly improved compared with the original SlowFast network, proving the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in macaque behavior recognition. This work provides a new idea for the continuous observation and recognition of the behavior of macaque, and lays the technical foundation for the calculation of monkey behaviors before and after medication in drug safety evaluation.