【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the application and research status of the hip protector (HP) and to discuss the current problems and further research direction. Methods HP related literature in recent years was reviewed and analyzed. Results Biomechanics experiment studies have shown that HP could protect hip joint from fractures caused by falling, however, the protective effect of HP has not shown clinically. Conclusion HP biomechanical experiments show better protective effect, which may be related with the lower impact energy; in clinical application, poor compliance of HP is considered as the main reason of weak protective effect.
Objective To survey the current situation of the sharp injury in medical workers, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and protection of sharp injury. Methods Through applying the questionnaire of sharp injuries designed by Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Fudan University, 10% of the workers in all departments of West China Hospital of Sichuan University were selected as respondents according to their job categories. The main contents of the survey included the general information of respondents, reporting after sharp injuries, training participation, and the exposure sources, operations, premises and equipments related to sharp injuries over the past one year.Results Of 840 questionnaires distributed, 100% were valid. The ratio of male was 23% while the female was 72%. There were 50.20% of all respondents who once got injured, and 75% of the respondents having the history of sharp injury worked less than 10 years. The nurses, house keepers and physicians were in the top three positions of suffering from sharp injury; and the operating room was ranked as the highest risk department for sharp injuries. The known haematogenous exposure sources were 69 cases of hepatitis B, 19 syphilis, 6 hepatitis C, and 3 HIV. There were 62% of the respondents who had ever attended related training, and only 11.61% of the injured respondents reported their sharp injuries. Conclusion The incidence rate of the sharp injury is high, but the report rate is low. The operating room is the high risk department, and nurses, house keepers, and physicians are the high risk population for sharp injuries. The prevention and protection and training for sharp injury in target departments and population should be strengthened.
Objective To study the efficacy of invasive ventilation in critical severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods Retrospective analysis was applied to study the efficacy of invasive ventilation and the effect of isolating and protecting measures in 6 critical SARS patients and the effect of isolation measures in ICU from November 2002 to April 2003. Results Six SARS patients were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation and left hospital. Hypoxemia and oxygenation index（PaO2/FiO2）improved significantly after ventilation (Plt;0.01), peak inspiratory airway pressure (P=0.002), mean airway pressure (P=0.004), and the level of positive expiration end pressure decreased significantly (Plt;0.001). Ventilator-associated pneumonia occurred in 5 patients. Sedatives were used less and the duration of ventilation was shorter when using PRVC compared with SIMV. There was no SARS nosocomial infection among medical staff, other patients and their families. Conclusions Application of invasive ventilation and effective isolation measures could reduce the death rate, shorten the duration of ventilation, and also decrease SARS nosocomial infection.
目的 了解医院内血源性职业暴露高风险人群，有针对性采取防护措施，降低血源性职业暴露的发生率。 方法 对2008年1月－2011年12月四川省妇幼保健院52例血源性职业暴露医务人员，按照暴露人群、暴露方式、暴露病种、暴露地点的不同进行调查分析。 结果 52例职业暴露人群中护士27例（占51.9%）；产房和手术室为高发职业暴露场所，共32例，分别为17例（占32.7%）和15例（占28.8%）；职业暴露病种主要为乙型肝炎，共27例（占51.9%）；暴露方式主要为针刺伤，共37例（占71.2%）。 结论 提高医务人员职业防护意识，规范操作流程，加强自身防护是减少职业暴露的根本所在。