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find Author "陆方" 35 results
  • Review and prospect forecast of photodynamic therapy which is kind of generational treatment for choroidal neovascularization

    Photodynamic therapy is the first treatment confirmed to be effective in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration in 2000, which had been introduced to China in the same year. The pathological new vessels were destructed by the singlet oxygen and oxygen free radical released by activated photosensitizer. In the next 12 years, it has been widely applied for the treatment of subfoveal and parafoveal choroidal neovascularization caused by all kinds of chorioretinal diseases. More than a treatment, it also help us to explore the pathogenesis of fundus disease, the capability to embolize the capillaries within the treating area let us not only understand the mechanism of central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, but also make it a effective cure for them. However, there are still a lot of unsolved questions such as the mechanism of photodynamic therapy, the relationship with human genomic difference, and even the development of angiogenesis. Besides with the more novel medications and strategies available, we also face the appropriate application for indications, selection of combined therapy and optimization of treatment regimens. Further investigations about the photodynamic therapy and disease and their relations from both basic and clinical study will guide us the treatment in clinic and also reveal the truth of related fundus diseases deep under the surface.

    Release date:2016-09-02 05:37 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Imaging technology and the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric retinal disease

    With the renovations of modern retinal imaging modality, such as video ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiograph and spectral domain optical coherence tomography, it is possible to get high resolution and reproducible in vivo imaging of retina from neonates to improve the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric retinal disease. Now we have a better tool to investigate the early development of human retina, the pathogenesis and progression of pediatric retinal diseases, and to monitor the treatment efficacy and prognosis of these diseases. To expand these technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric retinal disease, we need simple, safe, comprehensive and objective applications which can only be achieved through multi-disciplinary cooperation.

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  • 点阵扫描激光多点激光光凝的特点以及临床应用注意事项

    点阵扫描激光通过特殊的机械或电子控制装置,按照预先设定的图形,通过缩短曝光时间和间隔时间,快速扫描同时释放多点激光。这种激光光凝效应中热扩散模式改变以及多点模式扫描面聚焦差异、扫描面内视网膜病变程度不一对激光光斑的影响和多点扫描时患者眼球运动对治疗的影响均与传统单点激光光凝有所不同。正确认识这些差异,从远离黄斑区的上方视网膜开始测试激光光斑或进行治疗,增加激光光凝点数,缩小激光光斑之间的间隔,利用其激光光凝热扩散少的特点,减少对黄斑区光感受器细胞的不可逆性损伤均是提高点阵扫描激光多点激光光凝治疗有效性的重要方法。

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  • Appropriate understanding the application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents and laser photocoagulation for infants retinal vascular diseases

    Retinopathy of prematurity, familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and Coats disease are the most common neonates and infants retinal vascular diseases, which may lead to severe visual damage because of either tractional retinal detachment caused by the proliferation of pathogenic neovascularization, or exudative retinal detachment due to the extremely leakage from abnormal retinal vessels. Classic treatment is retinal laser photocoagulation which could destroy these abnormal vessels or reduce non vascular areas to diminish the growth of new vessels, however the side effects induced by laser it self such as visual field damage, hemorrhage, retinal tear, fail to control the progression of the disease make the laser treatment hard to improve the vision of these young patients. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents have been widely applied in various adult retinal and choroidal vascular diseases, they are even possible to replace the pan retinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, while there are still many unsolved problems in the applying in neonates and infants retinal vascular diseases, like dosage, timing, retreatment and systemic side effects. We should realize the importance of selecting the laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF for neonates and infants retinal vascular diseases.

    Release date:2018-09-18 03:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 老年性黄斑变性的视功能评估方法

    老年性黄斑变性(AMD)视功能评估包括远近视力、Amsler表、微视野、对比敏感度、视觉电生理检查以及调查问卷等。其中,早期治疗糖尿病视网膜病变研究组视力表、微视野计分别为远视力、视野检查的金标准;Amsler表检查简单廉价,常用于AMD的病情自我监测;多焦视网膜电图检查对测量环境、患者的注视性质和配合程度要求高;调查问卷反映AMD患者日常生活视功能的真实情况。根据各种评估方法的优缺点,合理选择多项评估方法联合应用,能更全面反映AMD病程变化和治疗干预结果,对提高AMD的临床诊断治疗水平具有重要的临床意义。

    Release date:2016-09-02 05:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 老年性黄斑变性的光动力治疗

    光动力治疗(photodynamic therapy,PDT)是一种利用光化学反应 进行治疗的新技术,根据其对新生血管的特异性栓塞作用,近年来用于老年性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)治疗,经过大量的动物和临床试验,已取得一定的进展。现对PDT的原理、基础研究以及在AMD治疗中的临床应用作一综述。 (中华眼底病杂志,2000,16:71-138)

    Release date:2016-09-02 06:05 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy

    Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a severe inherited vitreoretinal disorder. Recently, mutations in genes encoding frizzled 4 (FZD4), low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), norrie disease protein (NDP), tetraspanin 12 (TSPAN12), zinc fmger protein 408 (ZNF408), kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) have so far been identified to cause FEVR. The former four genes have been shown to participate in the Wnt and Norrin-β-catenin signal pathway, which perform a crucial role for this pathway in ocular and vascular development. The primary clinical feature of FEVR is incomplete retinal vascular development on the temporal side of the peripheral retina, with or without abnormal retinal vascular differentiation. The clinical manifestations of this disease differ greatly among patients, from asymptomatic to complete retinal detachments with blindness. Fundus angiography and genetic screening are the main diagnostic methods for this disease and the early screening is extremely important in the treatment and prognosis. The progress can be controlled by laser treatment at the initial stage. Scleral buckling surgery and vitrectomy can be performed with advanced retinal detachment, but the prognosis is poor. The effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs on new blood vessels may play a certain role in its treatment. With the in-depth study of pathogenesis, selective targeted treatment of FEVR pathogenic genes will become a new direction of treatment for some kinds of phenotype. This article reviews the recent advances of FEVR.

    Release date:2018-11-22 04:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 先天性弓形虫感染一例

    Release date:2021-06-18 01:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Research progresses on pathogenic genes and related signal pathways of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy

    Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a serious hereditary retinal vascular disease. The clinical manifestations vary, and the severity of the patients' condition is different. In severe cases, it may lead to bilateral blindness. The pathogenic mechanism of FEVR is also complex. At present, more than ten classical and candidate pathogenic genes have been found: NDP, FZD4, LRP5, TSPAN12, CTNNB1, KIF11, ZNF408, RCBTB1, LRP6, CTNNA1, CTNND1, JAG1, ATOH7, DLG1, DOCK6, ARHGP31 and EVR3 region. These pathogenic genes are involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, norrin/β-catenin pathway and Notch pathway. They regulate and affect the development of retinal blood vessels, hyaloid vascular system regression, endothelial cell connections, and blood retinal barrier homeostasis, ultimately leading to the occurrence and development of FEVR disease.

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  • 促红细胞生成素与早产儿视网膜病变

      促红细胞生成素(EPO)是一种促造血糖蛋白激素,具有促造血、神经保护与神经再生、促血管生长、促视网膜生存、促进肿瘤生长等生物学特性,可以促进氧诱导视网膜病变模型小鼠新生血管形成,在早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)临床治疗试验中也显示出一定的应用前景。但ROP是一种多因子疾病,多种因子在其发病中都起到了重要作用,单纯抑制EPO并不能完全抑制ROP的发生;EPO是多效应因子,在促进新生血管形成的同时,也可发挥其抗凋亡保护血管和视网膜神经元的作用,过度抑制会加重遭受缺氧刺激的不成熟视网膜血管和神经元的凋亡。尽管如此,进一步加强EPO与ROP相互关系研究,仍然可能会为ROP的治疗研究开辟新的思路。

    Release date:2016-09-02 05:37 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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