【摘要】 目的 探讨不同年龄段和不同内膜准备方法对冻融胚胎移植（FET）妊娠率的影响。 方法 回顾性分析2007年3月-2009年8月107例患者131个FET周期，比较不同年龄段、不同内膜准备方法的妊娠情况。 结果 ①lt;29岁、30～34岁、≥35岁患者的周期临床妊娠率分别为45.28%、37.88%、33.33%，比较无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）。②自然周期和激素替代周期内膜准备，两种方法患者平均年龄、平均移植胚胎数、胚胎评分及胚胎细胞数比较无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05），但自然周期的胚胎种植率及周期临床妊娠率均明显低于激素替代周期（16.78%比29.21%；29.51%比50.00%），比较有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。 结论 患者年龄不影响FET周期临床妊娠率，激素替代周期内膜准备的FET胚胎种植率及周期临床妊娠率明显高于自然周期。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effect of age and method of preparing endometrium on the pregnancy rate of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) among infertile women. Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 131 FET cycles in 107 patients from March 2007 to August 2009. The relationship between pregnancy rate of FET and following factors were analyzed: age, the method of preparing uterus endometrium. Results ①There was no significant difference in pregnancy rate of FET among ＜29, 30 - 34, and ≥35 years old patients (45.28%, 37.88%, and 33.33%, respectively) (Pgt;0.05). ②There was no significant difference in patients’ age, the average embryo amount, embryo score, the cell amount in every embryo between the FET with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the FET with natural cycle (NC). The embryo implantation rate and pregnancy rate of FET with NC were lower significantly than those of FET with HRT (16.78% vs 29.21%; 29.51% vs 50.00%) (P＜0.05). Conclusion Age might not influence pregnancy rate of FET. FET with HRT has higher implantation rate and pregnancy rate than FET with NC.
Objective To observe the effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on airway remodeling and Notch signaling pathway in mice with bronchial asthma, and explore the possible mechanism of its influence on airway remodeling in asthmatic mice. Methods Forty eight-week-old SPF female BALB/c mice were divided into a healthy control group, a healthy PM2.5 group, an asthma group and an asthma PM2.5 group by random number table, with 10 mice in each group. The asthma group and the asthma PM2.5 group were sensitized with ovalbumin to establish asthma mouse model, and the healthy PM2.5 group and the asthma PM2.5 group received aerosol inhalation of PM2.5 (510 μg/m3) after each provocation. After modeling, lung function was measured in each group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining were performed on the lung tissue sections of mice. Image analysis software was used to determine the circumference of the bronchial basement membrane, the total area of the bronchial wall, the area of bronchial smooth muscle and the area of collagen deposition. The expressions of Notch1, Hes1, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col-Ⅰ) were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The content of hydroxyproline (HYP) in lung tissue was determined by alkaline water method. Results The total airway wall area, airway smooth muscle area and collagen deposition area in the asthma group [(365.81±46.10), (132.80±20.14), (221.82±25.20) μm2/μm] were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group [(187.70±14.80), (89.73±8.49), (123.91±16.88) μm2/μm] (P<0.01). The healthy PM2.5 group [(244.62±42.86), (116.40±20.40), (174.91±57.41) μm2/μm] and the asthma PM2.5 group [(447.70±76.14), (236.14±36.35), (294.89±75.96) μm2/μm] were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01). The expressions of Notch1, Hes1, α-SMA, TGF-β1 and Col-Ⅰ were strongly positive in the lung tissues of the asthmatic mice, but weak in the healthy control group. After PM2.5 intervention, compared with the control group, the expression intensity of the above molecules increased. Notch1 receptor and downstream Hes1 protein in the asthma group (0.86±0.10, 1.02±0.06) were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (0.26±0.07, 0.56±0.09) (all P<0.01). The healthy PM2.5 group (0.44±0.06, 0.77±0.07) and asthma PM2.5 group (1.33±0.23, 1.25±0.18) were higher than the control group (all P<0.01). Airway remodeling related molecules α-SMA, TGF-β1 and Col-Ⅰ protein in the asthma group (0.60±0.04, 0.52±0.09, 0.36±0.04) were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (0.31±0.03, 0.22±0.04, 0.23±0.04) (all P<0.01). The health PM2.5 group (0.49±0.02, 0.30±0.03, 0.28±0.03) and the asthma PM2.5 group (0.88±0.09, 0.62±0.03, 0.49±0.07) were higher than the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), respectively. The content of HYP in lung tissue of the asthma group (57.71±7.60) μg/100mg was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (40.53±5.73) μg/100mg. The healthy PM2.5 group (53.92±6.82) μg/100mg and asthma PM2.5 group (70.96±4.44) μg/100mg were higher than the control group (P<0.01), respectively. In asthma group and asthma PM2.5 group, the expression of Notch1 and Hes1 protein was positively correlated with the total airway wall area, airway smooth muscle area, collagen deposition area, α-SMA, TGF-β1, Col-Ⅰ and HYP (all P<0.01). Conclusion PM2.5 can promote early airway remodeling in asthma, and the activation of Notch signaling pathway may be involved in the promoting effect of PM2.5 on early airway remodeling.