Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes in the eye. In recent years, with the development of surgical equipment and fundus examination technology, surgical treatment based on vitrectomy has made more new progress in indications, combined application and surgical evaluation. Surgical evaluation based on imaging can continuously monitor patients' eye conditions before, during and after surgery, and clinicians can choose different surgical plans and timing for different patients, which can help reduce patients' pain and achieve better visual outcomes.