Objective To formulate a rational adjuvant therapeutic evidence-based nursing plan for a patient with grade II red and swelling type phlebitis. Methods According to the condition of the patient and using the PICO principle, we put forward clinical problems. Then we comprehensively searched the National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), ACP Journal Club, The Cochrane Library, DARE, PubMed, MEDLINE, CNKI and Google Scholar from 2000 to 2012. Relevant clinical guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews/ meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and high quality reviews on adjuvant therapy of grade II red and swelling type phlebitis were collected and their authenticity, importance and applicability were evaluated. Results One systematic review, four meta-analyses, five RCTs, and one review were totally included. According to current evidence as well as the patient’s clinical conditions and preference, a comprehensive and effective adjuvant therapeutic and nursing programme was given to the patient. For grade II red and swelling type phlebitis with blisters and severe pain, paretic infusion should be immediately stopped on the lesion-side limb, and venous indwelling needle should be extracted. Then, mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream should be applied on the skin impaired by vein inflammation, and the local area should be gently massaged for 3 min, twice daily (once in the morning and evening, respectively). After four-day treatment and nursing care, the patient with phlebitis had already recovered. Conclusion Evidence-based medicine approaches could help us develop comprehensive therapeutic plans for patients which promote recovery of patients with phlebitis, alleviate pain, improve health, and increasepatients’ quality of life.
Objective To analyze the association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB and -DQB alleles with Ealesprime; disease, and to investigate the potential immunogenetics mechanism of Ealesprime; disease. Methods Gene loci of HLA-DRB and -DQB1 alleles were detected by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) in 27 Han-nationality patients with Ealesprime; disease in Northern China and 30 age and sex-matched normal persons as control, then statistics package for social science (SPSS) for Windows ver 13.0 software was used to analyze the distribution features of frequency of HLA-DRB and -DQB1 alleles in the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the frequency of HLA-DRB104 allele increased obviously in the patients with Ealesprime; disease［odds ratio (OR)=3.20 ，OR 95% confidence interval（CI）=1.00-10.21, and P=0.047］. Simultaneously, no statistically significant difference of the distribution of any other DRB or DQB1 allele between the two groups was found (Pgt;0.05). Conclusions In hannationality people in Northern China, DRB104 is positively associated with Ealesprime; disease, suggesting that DRB104 may confer a major influence on Ealesprime; disease. Turbulence of immune function begotten by infect-agents attack may occur in the individuals with Ealesprime; disease due to the specific hereditary diathesis of HLA, which may cause the occurrence and development of Eales disease. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 90-93)
Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of Hirudoid for microcirculation disorder. Methods We searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2009), PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, CBM, and VIP databases up to December 2009. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs concerning Hirudoid for microcirculation disorder were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed according to the Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook 5.0.1, and meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan software 5.0. Results Twenty-five RCTs were included, of which only one was graded as high quality and others were of low quality. The results of meta-analyses showed: Hirudoid could be effective in preventing the occurrence of phlebitis (OR=0.18, 95%CI 0.13 to 0.25). Hirudoid for treating phlebitis was also significantly better than magnesium sulfate or placebo (OR=7.18, 95%CI 4.59 to 11.22) and the time to symptom relief of Hirudoid was significantly shorter than placebo (MD= – 29, 95%CI – 37.30 to – 20.70). Hirudoid for internal fistula in hemodialysis patients was better than the simple hot compress (OR=8.89, 95%CI 4.25 to 18.58), and also better than the magnesium sulfate plus hot compress (OR=7.62, 95%CI 2.84 to 20.44). Hirudoid could also prevent the formation of hematoma and eliminate hematoma quickly. Hirudoid for tissue injury caused by irritating fluid extravasation was significantly better than magnesium sulfate (OR=4.25, 95%CI 2.06 to 8.78). Conclusion Hirudoid can significantly improve the microcirculation disorder, especially to the phlebitis. Due to the low quality of the included studies, further, more high quality trials are required.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo review the epidemiology, etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment, recurrance and prognosis of Mondor disease. MethodsLiteratures on Mondor disease were reviewed, and our study of Mondor disease was also included. ResultsMondor disease is difficult to diagnose, but is with good prognosis in most patients. It’s unclear whether Mondor disease is associated with the etiology of breast cancer. ConclusionThe diagnosis and therapy of Mondor disease are important, especially when it is accompanied with breast cancer.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of 5% dextrose intravenous infusion for phlebitis caused by amiodarone. MethodsA total of 136 patients treated in our hospital between June 2011 and March 2012 were randomly assigned into control group with 63 patients and intervention group with 73 patients. The control group was administrated 600 mg amiodarone with 15 drops/minute intravenous injection once daily, for 3 days, while for the intervention group patients, we added 5% dextrose solution infusion in the same channel at the same time. ResultsPhlebitis occurred in 22 patients (34.9%) in the control group, while the intervention group had only 11 (15.0%) (χ2=7.252,P=0.007). ConclusionInfusion of 5% dextrose solution can significantly reduce the occurrence of phlebitis caused by amiodarone.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of hydrocolloid dressing in preventing peripheral phlebitis due to intravenous infusions. MethodsFrom April 1st to October 30th, 2014, 320 patients admitted in the Biliary Department of West China Hospital for parenteral nutrition were collected along with their clinical data and were randomly divided into control group and intervention group. A total of 160 patients who were allocated in the control group accepted simple dressing with 3M adhesive tape (6 cm×7 cm) at the intravenous catheter site. In contrast, hydrocolloid dressing (5 cm×7 cm) was applied at the intravenous catheter site and then covered with 3M adhesive tape (6 cm×7 cm) for the patients in the intervention group. ResultsPhlebitis rate was significantly higher in the control group (115 patients) than that in the interventions group (64 patients) (χ2=32.978, P<0.001). In addition, the severity of phlebitis was higher in the control group than that in the intervention group (Z=-4.466, P<0.001). Statistically significant difference was noted. ConclusionHydrocolloid dressing is effective in preventing and delaying the occurrence of peripheral phlebitis due to intravenous infusions.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effect of pre-treating the catheters with dexamethasone for preventing PICC-associated phlebitis. MethodsWe electronically searched PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2012), CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and CQVIP for studies about pre-treating the catheters with dexamethasone to prevent PICC-associated phlebitis from inception to March 2013. Relevant studies including grey literature were also manually searched. Two reviewers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan 5.0. ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 1 965 cases (1 025 cases in the dexamethasone group, and 940 cases in the control group) were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that pre-treating the catheters with dexamethasone could significantly decrease the incidence of PICC-associated phlebitis (RR=0.29, 95%CI=0.22 to 0.39, P < 0.000 1). However, no significant difference was found for the PICC-associated other complications, such as pipe blockage, bleeding, swelling of puncture site, allergy and atopic catheter. ConclusionPre-treating the catheters with dexamethasone soltion before inserting could reduce the incidence of PICC-associated phlebitis. The aforementioned conclusion needs to be further validated by more high-quality and large-scale randomized controlled trials.