Objective To analyze the Podoplanin expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and to find out the relationship between Podoplanin expression and tumor embolus, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation as well as prognosis, and to provide clinical evidence for reducing the recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and prolonging the disease-free survival and overall survival. Methods A retrospective analysis of 70 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 was conducted, including 39 males and 31 females, with a mean age of 63.6 years. Positive diagnosis of tumor thrombus was achieved in 35 patients and negative in 35 patients. Postoperative pathological specimens were examined and normal esophageal tissues (esophageal tissue more than 5 cm from the edge of the tumor) of patients were excised as a control group. Results The positive rate of Podoplanin was 34.2% in normal esophageal tissues and 62.8% in tumor tissues. The positive rate of Podoplanin expression was 77.1% and 48.6% in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with or without tumor embolus, respectively. The positive rate of Podoplanin expression in tumor cells of patients with positive and negative lymph node metastasis was 71.9% and 23.1%, respectively (P<0.05). The mean disease-free survival of patients with Podoplanin expression-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was 15.2 months, which was significantly longer than that of patients with Podoplanin expression-positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05). Conclusion Podoplanin expression in the tumor cells and vessels can be an important reference index to the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Objective To evaluate the predictive performance of the geometric characteristics, centerline (CL) of pulmonary nodules for prognosis in patients with surgically treatment in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). MethodsCT images of 178 patients who underwent surgical treatment and were diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the low-dose CT (LDCT) cohort from the NLST image database were selected, including 99 males and 79 females, with a median age of 64 (59, 68) years. CT images were processed using commercial software Mimics 21.0 to record the volume, surface area, CL and the area perpendicular to the centerline of pulmonary nodules. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the predictive performance of LD, AD and CL on prognosis. Univariate Cox regression was used to explore the influencing factors for postoperative disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), and meaningful independent variables were included in the multivariate Cox regression to construct the prediction model. ResultsThe area under the curve (AUC) of CL for postoperative recurrence and death were 0.650 and 0.719, better than LD (0.596, 0.623) and AD (0.600, 0.631). Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis showed that pulmonary nodule volume (P=0.010), the maximum area perpendicular to the centerline (MApc) (P=0.028) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001) were independent risk factors for DFS. Meanwhile, age (P=0.010), CL (P=0.043), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), MApc (P=0.022) and the average area perpendicular to the centerline (AApc) (P=0.016) were independently associated with OS. ConclusionFor the postoperative outcomes of NSCLC patients in the LDCT cohort of the NLST, the CL of the pulmonary nodule prediction performance for prognosis is superior to the LD and AD, CL can effectively predict the risk stratification and prognosis of lung cancer, and spheroid tumors have a better prognosis.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of extranodal extension of axillary lymph nodes metastasis on the prognosis of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). MethodsThe TNBC patients with axillary lymph node metastasis admitted to the Nanyang Central Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were collected. The clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of TNBC patients with or without extranodal extension were analyzed and compared, and the factors affecting prognosis were analyzed. ResultsA total of 216 patients were included, including 123 patients without extranodal extension and 93 patients with extranodal extension. Compared with the patients without extranodal extension, the proportions of the patients with histological grade Ⅲ, 10 or more metastatic lymph nodes, and 5 cm or greater tumor diameter were higher in the patients with extranodal extension (P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that the 10 or more metastatic lymph nodes was the risk factor affecting the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of the TNBC patients (P<0.05), and the histological grade Ⅲ and lower human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) expression were the risk factors affecting the OS of the TNBC patients (P<0.05), as well as the extranodal extension was the risk factor affecting the DFS of the TNBC patients (P<0.05). The 5-year cumulative disease-free survival rate of the patients with extranodal extension was worse than that of the patients without extranodal extension (70.2% vs. 83.3%, χ2=6.934, P=0.008). The 5-year cumulative overall survival rate had no statistically significant difference between the them (75.3% vs. 82.1%, χ2=1.969, P=0.161). ConclusionsFrom the results of this study, the prognosis of TNBC patients with extranodal extension is worse. Especially the patients with histological grade Ⅲ, 10 or more metastatic lymph nodes, and with lower HER-2 expression should be paid attention.