Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in digestive system diseases, but long-term use of PPI may cause Clostridium difficile infection, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction. Probiotics can improve the digestive tract microecological disorder caused by the application of PPI by inhibiting the colonization of bacteria in the intestinal tract, regulating the body’s immunity, reducing the pH value of the intestinal tract, and enhancing the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa. This article elaborates on the influence of PPI on the microecology of the digestive tract and the regulation of probiotics on the microecology of the digestive tract, aiming to provide some ideas for the digestive tract microecological disorders caused by the application of PPI in clinical practice and their intervention strategies.
Childhood obesity is a global public health problem that seriously affects the normal growth and development of children. In recent years, a large number of studies have pointed out that the intestinal microbiome is closely related to childhood obesity, and the treatment strategies targeting the intestinal microbiome have a certain improvement effect on childhood obesity. This article elaborates on the establishment and development of intestinal microbiome, intestinal microbiome characteristics, the mechanisms of intestinal microbiome involvement in the occurrence and development of childhood obesity, and potential intervention strategies, so as to provide more ideas for basic and clinical research on childhood obesity.
Bacterial biofilms are associated with at least 80% of human bacterial infections. The clinical treatment of biofilm infection is still arduous, and therefore many new treatment options are under study, such as probiotics and their derivatives, quorum sensing inhibitors, antimicrobial peptides, phage therapy, organic acids, light therapy, and plant extracts. However, most of these schemes are not mature, and it is important to develop new research directions of anti-biofilms.