Progress and prospect of robotic cardiac surgery_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

YANG Chang ^1,2 , MU Zhikun ¹ ,  HU Yijie ¹

1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Army Medical Center of PLA, Chongqing, 400042, P.R.China;
2. Eleven Squadron Three Brigade, School of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

HU Yijie, Email: yijie.hu@yahoo.com

Keywords：

Robotic cardiac surgery; minimally invasive cardiac surgery; mitral valve repair; mitral valve replacement; coronary artery bypass grafting

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.201901059

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Minimally invasive cardiac surgeries are the trend in the future. Among them, robotic cardiac surgery is the latest iteration with several key-hole incision, 3-dimentional visualization, and articulated instrumentation of 7 degree of ergonomic freedom for those complex procedures in the heart. In particular, robotic mitral valve surgery, as well as coronary artery bypass grafting, has evolved over the last decade and become the preferred method at certain specialized centers worldwide because of excellent results. Other cardiac procedures are in various stages of evolution. Stepwise innovation of robotic technology will continue to make robotic operations simpler, more efficient, and less invasive, which will encourage more surgeons to take up this technology and extend the benefits of robotic surgery to a larger patient population.

Citation： YANG Chang, MU Zhikun, HU Yijie. Progress and prospect of robotic cardiac surgery. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2019, 26(10): 1014-1020. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.201901059 Copy

1.	Sardari Nia P, Heuts S, Daemen J, et al. Preoperative planning with three-dimensional reconstruction of patient's anatomy, rapid prototyping and simulation for endoscopic mitral valve repair. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2017, 24(2): 163-168.
2.	Moodley S, Schoenhagen P, Gillinov AM, et al. Preoperative multidetector computed tomograpy angiography for planning of minimally invasive robotic mitral valve surgery: impact on decision making. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2013, 146(2): 262-268.
3.	Bernstein WK, Walker A. Anesthetic issues for robotic cardiac surgery. Ann Card Anaesth, 2015, 18(1): 58-68.
4.	Rehfeldt KH, Andre JV, Ritter MJ. Anesthetic considerations in robotic mitral valve surgery. Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 2017, 6(1): 47-53.
5.	Gammie JS, Zhao Y, Peterson ED, et al. J. Maxwell chamberlain memorial paper for adult cardiac surgery. less-invasive mitral valve operations: trends and outcomes from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Ann Thorac Surg, 2010, 90(5): 1401-1408.
6.	Cheng DC, Martin J, Lal A, et al. Minimally invasive versus conventional open mitral valve surgery: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Innovations (Phila), 2011, 6(2): 84-103.
7.	Bedeir K, Reardon M, Ramchandani M, et al. Elevated stroke risk associated with femoral artery cannulation during mitral valve surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2015, 27(2): 97-103.
8.	Murzi M, Cerillo AG, Gasbarri T, et al. Antegrade and retrograde perfusion in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery with transthoracic aortic clamping: a single-institution experience with 1632 patients over 12 years. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2017, 24(3): 363-368.
9.	De Praetere H, Verbrugghe P, Rega F, et al. Starting minimally invasive valve surgery using endoclamp technology: safety and results of a starting surgeon. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2015, 20(3): 351-358.
10.	Ward AF, Loulmet DF, Neuburger PJ, et al. Outcomes of peripheral perfusion with balloon aortic clamping for totally endoscopic robotic mitral valve repair. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2014, 148(6): 2769-2772.
11.	Breves SL, Hong I, McCarthy J, et al. Ascending aortic endoballoon ccclusion feasible despite moderately enlarged aorta to facilitate robotic mitral valve surgery. Innovations (Phila), 2016, 11(5): 355-359.
12.	Doulamis IP, Spartalis E, Machairas N, et al. The role of robotics in cardiac surgery: a systematic review. J Robot Surg, 2019, 13(1): 41-52.
13.	Javadikasgari H, Suri RM, Tappuni B, et al. Robotic mitral valve repair for degenerative posterior leaflet prolapse. Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 2017, 6(1): 27-32.
14.	Chitwood WR Jr, Rodriguez E, Chu MW, et al. Robotic mitral valve repairs in 300 patients: a single-center experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2008, 136(2): 436-441.
15.	高长青, 杨明, 肖苍松, 等. 机器人二尖瓣成形术的临床应用. 中华外科杂志, 2011, 49(7): 641-644.
16.	Algarni KD, Suri RM, Daly RC. Robotic-assisted mitral valve repair: surgical technique. Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg, 2014, 2014: pii: mmu022.
17.	Murphy DA, Moss E, Binongo J, et al. The expanding role of endoscopic robotics in mitral valve surgery: 1,257 consecutive procedures. Ann Thorac Surg, 2015, 100(5): 1675-1681.
18.	Lewis CT, Stephens RL, Tyndal CM, et al. Concomitant robotic mitral and tricuspid valve repair: technique and early experience. Ann Thorac Surg, 2014, 97(3): 782-787.
19.	Arcidi JM Jr, Rodriguez E, Elbeery JR, et al. Fifteen-year experience with minimally invasive approach for reoperations involving the mitral valve. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2012, 143(5): 1062-1068.
20.	Gao C, Yang M, Xiao C, et al. Robotically assisted mitral valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2012, 143(4 Suppl): S64-S67.
21.	Senay S, Gullu AU, Kocyigit M, et al. Robotic mitral valve replacement. Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg, 2014, 2014: pii: mmu016.
22.	Whellan DJ, McCarey MM, Taylor BS, et al. Trends in robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafts: A study of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database, 2006 to 2012. Ann Thorac Surg, 2016, 102(1): 140-146.
23.	Balkhy HH, Nathan S, Arnsdorf SE, et al. Right internal mammary artery use in 140 robotic totally endoscopic coronary bypass cases: Toward multiarterial grafting. Innovations (Phila), 2017, 12(1): 9-14.
24.	Giambruno V, Chu MW, Fox S, et al. Robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass surgery: an 18-year single-centre experience. Int J Med Robot, 2018, 14(3): e1891.
25.	Cao C, Indraratna P, Doyle M, et al. A systematic review on robotic coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 2016, 5(6): 530-543.
26.	Kofler M, Stastny L, Reinstadler SJ, et al. Robotic versus conventional coronary artery bypass grafting: direct comparison of long-term clinical outcome. Innovations (Phila), 2017, 12(4): 239-246.
27.	Bonaros N, Schachner T, Lehr E, et al. Five hundred cases of robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting: predictors of success and safety. Ann Thorac Surg, 2013, 95(3): 803-812.
28.	Yang M, Wu Y, Wang G, et al. Robotic total arterial off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: seven-year single-center experience and long-term follow-up of graft patency. Ann Thorac Surg, 2015, 100(4): 1367-1373.
29.	Soylu E, Harling L, Ashrafian H, et al. A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of distal coronary artery anastomotic devices in MIDCAB and TECAB surgery. Perfusion, 2016, 31(7): 537-543.
30.	Giambruno V, Jones P, Khaliel F, et al. Hybrid coronary revascularization versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg, 2018, 105(5): 1330-1335.
31.	Gaudino M, Bakaeen F, Davierwala P, et al. New strategies for surgical myocardial revascularization. Circulation, 2018, 138(19): 2160-2168.
32.	Folliguet TA, Vanhuyse F, Magnano D, et al. Robotic aortic valve replacement: case report. Heart Surg Forum, 2004, 7(6): E551-E553.
33.	Folliguet TA, Vanhuyse F, Konstantinos Z, et al. Early experience with robotic aortic valve replacement. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2005, 28(1): 172-173.
34.	Woo YJ, Grand TJ, Weiss SJ. Robotic resection of an aortic valve papillary fibroelastoma. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 80(3): 1100-1102.
35.	Suri RM, Burkhart HM, Schaff HV. Robot-assisted aortic valve replacement using a novel sutureless bovine pericardial prosthesis: proof of concept as an alternative to percutaneous implantation. Innovations (Phila), 2010, 5(6): 419-423.
36.	Vola M, Maureira P, Kassir R, et al. Robotic total endoscopic sutureless aortic valve replacement: proof of concept for a future surgical setting. Int J Med Robot, 2016, 12(3): 370-374.
37.	Balkhy HH, Lewis CTP, Kitahara H. Robot-assisted aortic valve surgery: State of the art and challenges for the future. Int J Med Robot, 2018, 14(4): e1913.
38.	Gao C, Yang M, Xiao C, et al. Novel totally robotic repair of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Innovations (Phila), 2015, 10(4): 285-287.
39.	Ramirez D, Maurice MJ, Kaouk JH. Robotic single-port surgery: paving the way for the future. Urology, 2016, 95: 5-10.
40.	Mohamadipanah H, Hoberock LL, Andalibi M. Predictive model reference adaptive controller to compensate heart motion in minimally invasive cabg surgery. Cardiovasc Eng Technol, 2015, 6(3): 329-339.

1. Sardari Nia P, Heuts S, Daemen J, et al. Preoperative planning with three-dimensional reconstruction of patient's anatomy, rapid prototyping and simulation for endoscopic mitral valve repair. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2017, 24(2): 163-168.
2. Moodley S, Schoenhagen P, Gillinov AM, et al. Preoperative multidetector computed tomograpy angiography for planning of minimally invasive robotic mitral valve surgery: impact on decision making. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2013, 146(2): 262-268.
3. Bernstein WK, Walker A. Anesthetic issues for robotic cardiac surgery. Ann Card Anaesth, 2015, 18(1): 58-68.
4. Rehfeldt KH, Andre JV, Ritter MJ. Anesthetic considerations in robotic mitral valve surgery. Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 2017, 6(1): 47-53.
5. Gammie JS, Zhao Y, Peterson ED, et al. J. Maxwell chamberlain memorial paper for adult cardiac surgery. less-invasive mitral valve operations: trends and outcomes from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Ann Thorac Surg, 2010, 90(5): 1401-1408.
6. Cheng DC, Martin J, Lal A, et al. Minimally invasive versus conventional open mitral valve surgery: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Innovations (Phila), 2011, 6(2): 84-103.
7. Bedeir K, Reardon M, Ramchandani M, et al. Elevated stroke risk associated with femoral artery cannulation during mitral valve surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2015, 27(2): 97-103.
8. Murzi M, Cerillo AG, Gasbarri T, et al. Antegrade and retrograde perfusion in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery with transthoracic aortic clamping: a single-institution experience with 1632 patients over 12 years. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2017, 24(3): 363-368.
9. De Praetere H, Verbrugghe P, Rega F, et al. Starting minimally invasive valve surgery using endoclamp technology: safety and results of a starting surgeon. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2015, 20(3): 351-358.
10. Ward AF, Loulmet DF, Neuburger PJ, et al. Outcomes of peripheral perfusion with balloon aortic clamping for totally endoscopic robotic mitral valve repair. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2014, 148(6): 2769-2772.
11. Breves SL, Hong I, McCarthy J, et al. Ascending aortic endoballoon ccclusion feasible despite moderately enlarged aorta to facilitate robotic mitral valve surgery. Innovations (Phila), 2016, 11(5): 355-359.
12. Doulamis IP, Spartalis E, Machairas N, et al. The role of robotics in cardiac surgery: a systematic review. J Robot Surg, 2019, 13(1): 41-52.
13. Javadikasgari H, Suri RM, Tappuni B, et al. Robotic mitral valve repair for degenerative posterior leaflet prolapse. Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 2017, 6(1): 27-32.
14. Chitwood WR Jr, Rodriguez E, Chu MW, et al. Robotic mitral valve repairs in 300 patients: a single-center experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2008, 136(2): 436-441.
15. 高长青, 杨明, 肖苍松, 等. 机器人二尖瓣成形术的临床应用. 中华外科杂志, 2011, 49(7): 641-644.
16. Algarni KD, Suri RM, Daly RC. Robotic-assisted mitral valve repair: surgical technique. Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg, 2014, 2014: pii: mmu022.
17. Murphy DA, Moss E, Binongo J, et al. The expanding role of endoscopic robotics in mitral valve surgery: 1,257 consecutive procedures. Ann Thorac Surg, 2015, 100(5): 1675-1681.
18. Lewis CT, Stephens RL, Tyndal CM, et al. Concomitant robotic mitral and tricuspid valve repair: technique and early experience. Ann Thorac Surg, 2014, 97(3): 782-787.
19. Arcidi JM Jr, Rodriguez E, Elbeery JR, et al. Fifteen-year experience with minimally invasive approach for reoperations involving the mitral valve. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2012, 143(5): 1062-1068.
20. Gao C, Yang M, Xiao C, et al. Robotically assisted mitral valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2012, 143(4 Suppl): S64-S67.
21. Senay S, Gullu AU, Kocyigit M, et al. Robotic mitral valve replacement. Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg, 2014, 2014: pii: mmu016.
22. Whellan DJ, McCarey MM, Taylor BS, et al. Trends in robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass grafts: A study of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database, 2006 to 2012. Ann Thorac Surg, 2016, 102(1): 140-146.
23. Balkhy HH, Nathan S, Arnsdorf SE, et al. Right internal mammary artery use in 140 robotic totally endoscopic coronary bypass cases: Toward multiarterial grafting. Innovations (Phila), 2017, 12(1): 9-14.
24. Giambruno V, Chu MW, Fox S, et al. Robotic-assisted coronary artery bypass surgery: an 18-year single-centre experience. Int J Med Robot, 2018, 14(3): e1891.
25. Cao C, Indraratna P, Doyle M, et al. A systematic review on robotic coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 2016, 5(6): 530-543.
26. Kofler M, Stastny L, Reinstadler SJ, et al. Robotic versus conventional coronary artery bypass grafting: direct comparison of long-term clinical outcome. Innovations (Phila), 2017, 12(4): 239-246.
27. Bonaros N, Schachner T, Lehr E, et al. Five hundred cases of robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting: predictors of success and safety. Ann Thorac Surg, 2013, 95(3): 803-812.
28. Yang M, Wu Y, Wang G, et al. Robotic total arterial off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: seven-year single-center experience and long-term follow-up of graft patency. Ann Thorac Surg, 2015, 100(4): 1367-1373.
29. Soylu E, Harling L, Ashrafian H, et al. A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of distal coronary artery anastomotic devices in MIDCAB and TECAB surgery. Perfusion, 2016, 31(7): 537-543.
30. Giambruno V, Jones P, Khaliel F, et al. Hybrid coronary revascularization versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg, 2018, 105(5): 1330-1335.
31. Gaudino M, Bakaeen F, Davierwala P, et al. New strategies for surgical myocardial revascularization. Circulation, 2018, 138(19): 2160-2168.
32. Folliguet TA, Vanhuyse F, Magnano D, et al. Robotic aortic valve replacement: case report. Heart Surg Forum, 2004, 7(6): E551-E553.
33. Folliguet TA, Vanhuyse F, Konstantinos Z, et al. Early experience with robotic aortic valve replacement. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 2005, 28(1): 172-173.
34. Woo YJ, Grand TJ, Weiss SJ. Robotic resection of an aortic valve papillary fibroelastoma. Ann Thorac Surg, 2005, 80(3): 1100-1102.
35. Suri RM, Burkhart HM, Schaff HV. Robot-assisted aortic valve replacement using a novel sutureless bovine pericardial prosthesis: proof of concept as an alternative to percutaneous implantation. Innovations (Phila), 2010, 5(6): 419-423.
36. Vola M, Maureira P, Kassir R, et al. Robotic total endoscopic sutureless aortic valve replacement: proof of concept for a future surgical setting. Int J Med Robot, 2016, 12(3): 370-374.
37. Balkhy HH, Lewis CTP, Kitahara H. Robot-assisted aortic valve surgery: State of the art and challenges for the future. Int J Med Robot, 2018, 14(4): e1913.
38. Gao C, Yang M, Xiao C, et al. Novel totally robotic repair of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Innovations (Phila), 2015, 10(4): 285-287.
39. Ramirez D, Maurice MJ, Kaouk JH. Robotic single-port surgery: paving the way for the future. Urology, 2016, 95: 5-10.
40. Mohamadipanah H, Hoberock LL, Andalibi M. Predictive model reference adaptive controller to compensate heart motion in minimally invasive cabg surgery. Cardiovasc Eng Technol, 2015, 6(3): 329-339.

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