The association between preoperative D-dimer level and prognosis of Chinese esophageal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

WANG Yan , LI Jialong , WU Yanming , LI Pengfei ,  CHE Guowei

Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

CHE Guowei, Email: cheguowei_hx@aliyun.com

Keywords：

D-dimer; esophageal cancer; prognosis; systematic review/meta-analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.201906048

Video：

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Objective To explore the correlation of preoperative D-dimer (DD) level with prognosis in Chinese esophageal cancer patients.Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed databases were searched to identify potential studies which assessed prognostic value of preoperative DD level in Chinese esophageal cancer patients from the establishment date of each database to March 20, 2019. The Stata 12.0 software was applied to conduct the meta-analysis and the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was combined to evaluate the relation between preoperative DD level and survival of Chinese esophageal cancer patients.Results A total of 5 studies involving 1 277 patients were included. The quality score of each study was ≥6 points. The results showed that the elevated preoperative DD level was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS, HR=1.49, 95%CI 1.05-2.10, P=0.025) and cancer-specific survival (CSS, HR=1.83, 95%CI 1.39-2.42, P<0.001). However, no significant relation of preoperative DD with disease-free survival (DFS) was observed (HR=1.55, 95%CI 0.89-2.70, P=0.125).Conclusion High preoperative DD level may be an independent prognostic factor for Chinese patients with esophageal cancer. More prospective studies with bigger sample sizes are still needed to verify our results.

Citation： WANG Yan, LI Jialong, WU Yanming, LI Pengfei, CHE Guowei. The association between preoperative D-dimer level and prognosis of Chinese esophageal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2020, 27(6): 689-692. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.201906048 Copy

1.	Chen W, Zheng R, Zeng H, et al. Annual report on status of cancer in China, 2011. Chin J Cancer Res, 2015, 27(1): 2-12.
2.	Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2015. CA: Cancer J Clin, 2015, 65: 5-29.
3.	Lee PC, Mirza FM, Port JL, et al. Predictors of recurrence and disease-free survival in patients with completely resected esophageal carcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2011, 141(5): 1196-1206.
4.	Le Bras GF, Farooq MH, Falk GW, et al. Esophageal cancer: The latest on chemoprevention and state of the art therapies. Pharmacol Res, 2016, 113(Pt A): 236-244.
5.	Xiao ZF, Yang ZY, Liang J, et al. Value of radiotherapy after radical surgery for esophageal carcinoma: a report of 495 patients. Ann Thorac Surg, 2003, 75(2): 331-336.
6.	Ay C, Dunkler D, Simanek R, et al. Prediction of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer by measuring thrombin generation: results from the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study. J Clin Oncol, 2011, 29(15): 2099-2103.
7.	Sørensen HT, Sværke C, Farkas DK, et al. Superficial and deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and subsequent risk of cancer. Eur J Cancer, 2012, 48(4): 586-593.
8.	Dirix LY, Salgado R, Weytjens R, et al. Plasma fibrin D-dimer levels correlate with tumour volume, progression rate and survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Br J Cancer, 2002, 86(3): 389-395.
9.	Liu L, Zhang X, Yan B, et al. Elevated plasma D-dimer levels correlate with long term survival of gastric cancer patients. PLoS One, 2014, 9(3): e90547.
10.	Tomimaru Y, Yano M, Takachi K, et al. Plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with number of lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal cancer. J Am Coll Surg, 2006, 202(1): 139-145.
11.	Wells G, Shea BJ, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of non-randomized studies in meta-analysis. Appl Eng Agric, 2014, 18(6): 727-734.
12.	Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 2003, 327(7414): 557-560.
13.	Diao D, Zhu K, Wang Z, et al. Prognostic value of the D-dimer test in oesophageal cancer during the perioperative period. J Surg Oncol, 2013, 108(1): 34-41.
14.	Feng JF, Yang X, Chen S, et al. Prognostic value of plasma d-dimer in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China. J Cancer, 2016, 7(12): 1663-1667.
15.	张艳芳, 夏金, 张春珍, 等. 术前血浆 D-二聚体水平对食管鳞癌预后判断的价值. 肿瘤基础与临床, 2016, 29(2): 119-121.
16.	Zhang F, Chen Z, Wang P, et al. Combination of platelet count and mean platelet volume (COP-MPV) predicts postoperative prognosis in both resectable early and advanced stage esophageal squamous cell cancer patients. Tumour Biol, 2016, 37(7): 9323-9331.
17.	Li J, Zheng Z, Fang M. Impact of pretreatment plasma D-dimer levels and its perioperative change on prognosis in operable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(45): 79537-79545.
18.	Abramson N, Aster RH. Retrospective assessment of hypercoagulability in breast cancer prevention trial. J Clin Oncol, 2002, 20(19): 4133-4134.
19.	Lip GY, Chin BS, Blann AD. Cancer and the prothrombotic state. Lancet Oncol, 2002, 3(1): 27-34.
20.	Olas B, Wachowicz B, Mielicki WP. Cancer procoagulant and blood platelet activation. Cancer Lett, 2001, 169(2): 165-171.
21.	Kamocka M, Rózalski M, Krajewska U, et al. Effect of cancer procoagulant (CP) on the growth and adhesion of MCF-7 cells to vitronectin in vitro. Cancer Lett, 2005, 222(1): 89-94.
22.	Kasthuri RS, Taubman MB, Mackman N. Role of tissue factor in cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27(29): 4834-4838.
23.	van den Berg YW, Osanto S, Reitsma PH, et al. The relationship between tissue factor and cancer progression: insights from bench and bedside. Blood, 2012, 119(4): 924-932.
24.	Gouin-Thibault I, Samama MM. Laboratory diagnosis of the thrombophilic state in cancer patients. Semin Thromb Hemost, 1999, 25(2): 167-172.
25.	Klerk CP, Smorenburg SM, Spek CA, et al. Colon cancer metastasis in mouse liver is not affected by hypercoagulability due to FactorⅤLeiden mutation. J Cell Mol Med, 2007, 11(3): 561-568.
26.	Vormittag R, Simanek R, Ay C, et al. High factor Ⅷ levels independently predict venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: the cancer and thrombosis study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2009, 29(12): 2176-2181.
27.	Ruf W, Disse J, Carneiro-Lobo TC, et al. Tissue factor and cell signalling in cancer progression and thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost, 2011, 9(Suppl 1): 306-315.
28.	Dupuy E, Hainaud P, Villemain A, et al. Tumoral angiogenesis and tissue factor expression during hepatocellular carcinoma progression in a transgenic mouse model. J Hepatol, 2003, 38(6): 793-802.
29.	Schaffner F, Versteeg HH, Schillert A, et al. Cooperation of tissue factor cytoplasmic domain and PAR2 signaling in breast cancer development. Blood, 2010, 116(26): 6106-6113.
30.	Buller HR, van Doormaal FF, van Sluis GL, et al. Cancer and thrombosis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical presentations. J Thromb Haemost, 2007, 5(Suppl 1): 246-254.
31.	Boccaccio C, Comoglio PM. Genetic link between cancer and thrombosis. J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27(29): 4827-4833.
32.	Lippi G, Franchini M, Biasiutti C, et al. Increased D-dimer value and occult cancer in the absence of detectable thrombosis. Haematologica, 2007, 92(4): e53-e55.
33.	Righini M, Perrier A, De Moerloose P, et al. D-Dimer for venous thromboembolism diagnosis: 20 years later. J Thromb Haemost, 2008, 6(7): 1059-1071.
34.	Edwards CM, Warren J, Armstrong L, et al. D-dimer: a useful marker of disease stage in surgery for colorectal cancer. Br J Surg, 1993, 80(11): 1404-1405.
35.	Taguchi O, Gabazza EC, Yasui H, et al. Prognostic significance of plasma D-dimer levels in patients with lung cancer. Thorax, 1997, 52(6): 563-565.
36.	Blackwell K, Haroon Z, Broadwater G, et al. Plasma D-dimer levels in operable breast cancer patients correlate with clinical stage and axillary lymph node status. J Clin Oncol, 2000, 18(3): 600-608.

1. Chen W, Zheng R, Zeng H, et al. Annual report on status of cancer in China, 2011. Chin J Cancer Res, 2015, 27(1): 2-12.
2. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2015. CA: Cancer J Clin, 2015, 65: 5-29.
3. Lee PC, Mirza FM, Port JL, et al. Predictors of recurrence and disease-free survival in patients with completely resected esophageal carcinoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2011, 141(5): 1196-1206.
4. Le Bras GF, Farooq MH, Falk GW, et al. Esophageal cancer: The latest on chemoprevention and state of the art therapies. Pharmacol Res, 2016, 113(Pt A): 236-244.
5. Xiao ZF, Yang ZY, Liang J, et al. Value of radiotherapy after radical surgery for esophageal carcinoma: a report of 495 patients. Ann Thorac Surg, 2003, 75(2): 331-336.
6. Ay C, Dunkler D, Simanek R, et al. Prediction of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer by measuring thrombin generation: results from the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study. J Clin Oncol, 2011, 29(15): 2099-2103.
7. Sørensen HT, Sværke C, Farkas DK, et al. Superficial and deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and subsequent risk of cancer. Eur J Cancer, 2012, 48(4): 586-593.
8. Dirix LY, Salgado R, Weytjens R, et al. Plasma fibrin D-dimer levels correlate with tumour volume, progression rate and survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Br J Cancer, 2002, 86(3): 389-395.
9. Liu L, Zhang X, Yan B, et al. Elevated plasma D-dimer levels correlate with long term survival of gastric cancer patients. PLoS One, 2014, 9(3): e90547.
10. Tomimaru Y, Yano M, Takachi K, et al. Plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with number of lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal cancer. J Am Coll Surg, 2006, 202(1): 139-145.
11. Wells G, Shea BJ, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of non-randomized studies in meta-analysis. Appl Eng Agric, 2014, 18(6): 727-734.
12. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 2003, 327(7414): 557-560.
13. Diao D, Zhu K, Wang Z, et al. Prognostic value of the D-dimer test in oesophageal cancer during the perioperative period. J Surg Oncol, 2013, 108(1): 34-41.
14. Feng JF, Yang X, Chen S, et al. Prognostic value of plasma d-dimer in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China. J Cancer, 2016, 7(12): 1663-1667.
15. 张艳芳, 夏金, 张春珍, 等. 术前血浆 D-二聚体水平对食管鳞癌预后判断的价值. 肿瘤基础与临床, 2016, 29(2): 119-121.
16. Zhang F, Chen Z, Wang P, et al. Combination of platelet count and mean platelet volume (COP-MPV) predicts postoperative prognosis in both resectable early and advanced stage esophageal squamous cell cancer patients. Tumour Biol, 2016, 37(7): 9323-9331.
17. Li J, Zheng Z, Fang M. Impact of pretreatment plasma D-dimer levels and its perioperative change on prognosis in operable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(45): 79537-79545.
18. Abramson N, Aster RH. Retrospective assessment of hypercoagulability in breast cancer prevention trial. J Clin Oncol, 2002, 20(19): 4133-4134.
19. Lip GY, Chin BS, Blann AD. Cancer and the prothrombotic state. Lancet Oncol, 2002, 3(1): 27-34.
20. Olas B, Wachowicz B, Mielicki WP. Cancer procoagulant and blood platelet activation. Cancer Lett, 2001, 169(2): 165-171.
21. Kamocka M, Rózalski M, Krajewska U, et al. Effect of cancer procoagulant (CP) on the growth and adhesion of MCF-7 cells to vitronectin in vitro. Cancer Lett, 2005, 222(1): 89-94.
22. Kasthuri RS, Taubman MB, Mackman N. Role of tissue factor in cancer. J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27(29): 4834-4838.
23. van den Berg YW, Osanto S, Reitsma PH, et al. The relationship between tissue factor and cancer progression: insights from bench and bedside. Blood, 2012, 119(4): 924-932.
24. Gouin-Thibault I, Samama MM. Laboratory diagnosis of the thrombophilic state in cancer patients. Semin Thromb Hemost, 1999, 25(2): 167-172.
25. Klerk CP, Smorenburg SM, Spek CA, et al. Colon cancer metastasis in mouse liver is not affected by hypercoagulability due to FactorⅤLeiden mutation. J Cell Mol Med, 2007, 11(3): 561-568.
26. Vormittag R, Simanek R, Ay C, et al. High factor Ⅷ levels independently predict venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: the cancer and thrombosis study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2009, 29(12): 2176-2181.
27. Ruf W, Disse J, Carneiro-Lobo TC, et al. Tissue factor and cell signalling in cancer progression and thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost, 2011, 9(Suppl 1): 306-315.
28. Dupuy E, Hainaud P, Villemain A, et al. Tumoral angiogenesis and tissue factor expression during hepatocellular carcinoma progression in a transgenic mouse model. J Hepatol, 2003, 38(6): 793-802.
29. Schaffner F, Versteeg HH, Schillert A, et al. Cooperation of tissue factor cytoplasmic domain and PAR2 signaling in breast cancer development. Blood, 2010, 116(26): 6106-6113.
30. Buller HR, van Doormaal FF, van Sluis GL, et al. Cancer and thrombosis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical presentations. J Thromb Haemost, 2007, 5(Suppl 1): 246-254.
31. Boccaccio C, Comoglio PM. Genetic link between cancer and thrombosis. J Clin Oncol, 2009, 27(29): 4827-4833.
32. Lippi G, Franchini M, Biasiutti C, et al. Increased D-dimer value and occult cancer in the absence of detectable thrombosis. Haematologica, 2007, 92(4): e53-e55.
33. Righini M, Perrier A, De Moerloose P, et al. D-Dimer for venous thromboembolism diagnosis: 20 years later. J Thromb Haemost, 2008, 6(7): 1059-1071.
34. Edwards CM, Warren J, Armstrong L, et al. D-dimer: a useful marker of disease stage in surgery for colorectal cancer. Br J Surg, 1993, 80(11): 1404-1405.
35. Taguchi O, Gabazza EC, Yasui H, et al. Prognostic significance of plasma D-dimer levels in patients with lung cancer. Thorax, 1997, 52(6): 563-565.
36. Blackwell K, Haroon Z, Broadwater G, et al. Plasma D-dimer levels in operable breast cancer patients correlate with clinical stage and axillary lymph node status. J Clin Oncol, 2000, 18(3): 600-608.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

The association between preoperative D-dimer level and prognosis of Chinese esophageal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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