Advances in the study of congenital immune mechanisms mediated by modifiable cardiovascular risk factors for atherosclerosis_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

LI Wentao ¹ , LI Fanghui ¹ , LI Dongze ² , JIA Yu ² , WAN Zhi ² ,  ZENG Rui ¹

1. Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China;
2. Emergency Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

ZENG Rui, Email: zengrui_0524@126.com

Keywords：

Innate immunity; atherosclerosis; modifiable cardiovascular risk factor; bone marrow hematopoiesis; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202101068

Video：

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Obesity, sleep disorders, psychological stress, sedentary are modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. There is growing evidence that these risk factors may accelerate the chronic inflammatory process of atherosclerosis and lead to myocardial infarction. Studies on the role of immune cells and their related immune mechanisms in atherosclerosis have shown that the above modifiable risk factors can affect the hematopoiesis of the bone marrow system, affect the production of immune cells and phenotypes, and then affect the progress of atherosclerosis. This review will focus on the effects of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors on the progression of atherosclerosis through the role of the innate immune system.

Citation： LI Wentao, LI Fanghui, LI Dongze, JIA Yu, WAN Zhi, ZENG Rui. Advances in the study of congenital immune mechanisms mediated by modifiable cardiovascular risk factors for atherosclerosis. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2023, 30(1): 154-158. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.202101068 Copy

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2.	Libby P, Buring JE, Badimon L, et al. Atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2019, 5(1): 56.
3.	Ma J, Chen X. Anti-inflammatory therapy for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease: Unanswered questions behind existing successes. Front Cardiovasc Med, 2021, 7: 631398.
4.	Wolf D, Ley K. Immunity and inflammation in atherosclerosis. Circ Res, 2019, 124(2): 315-327.
5.	Lavie CJ, Ozemek C, Carbone S, et al. Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health. Circ Res, 2019, 124(5): 799-815.
6.	Colpani V, Baena CP, Jaspers L, et al. Lifestyle factors, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol, 2018, 33(9): 831-845.
7.	Frodermann V, Rohde D, Courties G, et al. Exercise reduces inflammatory cell production and cardiovascular inflammation via instruction of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Nat Med, 2019, 25(11): 1761-1771.
8.	Fruchart JC, Nierman MC, Stroes ES, et al. New risk factors for atherosclerosis and patient risk assessment. Circulation, 2004, 109(23 Suppl 1): Ⅲ15-Ⅲ19.
9.	Kubota Y, Alonso A, Shah AM, et al. Television watching as sedentary behavior and atrial fibrillation: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Phys Act Health, 2018, 15(12): 895-899.
10.	Katsanos AH, Lioutas VA, Charidimou A, et al. Statin treatment and accrual of covert cerebral ischaemia on neuroimaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur J Neurol, 2020, 27(6): 1023-1027.
11.	李东泽, 李芳卉, 曾锐, 等. 血管疾病的表观遗传学研究进展. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2020, 27(4): 471-475.
12.	Dimitriadis GK, Kaur J, Adya R, et al. Chemerin induces endothelial cell inflammation: Activation of nuclear factor-kappa beta and monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Oncotarget, 2018, 9(24): 16678-16690.
13.	Kimball AS, Obi AT, Luke CE, et al. Ly6CLo monocyte/macrophages are essential for thrombus resolution in a murine model of venous thrombosis. Thromb Haemost, 2020, 120(2): 289-299.
14.	Niyonzima N, Bakke SS, Gregersen I, et al. Cholesterol crystals use complement to increase NLRP3 signaling pathways in coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. EBioMedicine, 2020, 60: 102985.
15.	Barrett TJ. Macrophages in atherosclerosis regression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2020, 40(1): 20-33.
16.	Mostafa MN, Osama M. The implications of neutrophil extracellular traps in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2020, 245(15): 1376-1384.
17.	Jin Z, Zhu Z, Liu S, et al. TRIM59 protects mice from sepsis by regulating inflammation and phagocytosis in macrophages. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 263.
18.	Abdolmaleki F, Gheibi Hayat SM, Bianconi V, et al. Atherosclerosis and immunity: A perspective. Trends Cardiovasc Med, 2019, 29(6): 363-371.
19.	Kaushansky K, Zhan H. The regulation of normal and neoplastic hematopoiesis is dependent on microenvironmental cells. Adv Biol Regul, 2018, 69: 11-15.
20.	Pinho S, Frenette PS. Haematopoietic stem cell activity and interactions with the niche. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2019, 20(5): 303-320.
21.	Laurenti E, Göttgens B. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes. Nature, 2018, 553(7689): 418-426.
22.	Martínez-González MA, Ros E, Estruch R. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. N Engl J Med, 2018, 379(14): 1388-1389.
23.	Wang Z, Bergeron N, Levison BS, et al. Impact of chronic dietary red meat, white meat, or non-meat protein on trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism and renal excretion in healthy men and women. Eur Heart J, 2019, 40(7): 583-594.
24.	Jordan S, Tung N, Casanova-Acebes M, et al. Dietary intake regulates the circulating inflammatory monocyte pool. Cell, 2019, 178(5): 1102-1114.
25.	Wang N, Tan HY, Li S, et al. SBP2 deficiency in adipose tissue macrophages drives insulin resistance in obesity. Sci Adv, 2019, 5(8): eaav0198.
26.	Griffin C, Eter L, Lanzetta N, et al. TLR4, TRIF, and MyD88 are essential for myelopoiesis and CD11c+ adipose tissue macrophage production in obese mice. J Biol Chem, 2018, 293(23): 8775-8786.
27.	Templeman I, Thompson D, Gonzalez J, et al. Intermittent fasting, energy balance and associated health outcomes in adults: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, 2018, 19(1): 86.
28.	Collins N, Han SJ, Enamorado M, et al. The bone marrow protects and optimizes immunological memory during dietary restriction. Cell, 2019, 178(5): 1088-1101.
29.	Fan M, Sun D, Zhou T, et al. Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and incident cardiovascular disease: A prospective study of 385 292 UK biobank participants. Eur Heart J, 2020, 41(11): 1182-1189.
30.	McAlpine CS, Kiss MG, Rattik S, et al. Sleep modulates haematopoiesis and protects against atherosclerosis. Nature, 2019, 566(7744): 383-387.
31.	Chellappa SL, Vujovic N, Williams JS, et al. Impact of circadian disruption on cardiovascular function and disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab, 2019, 30(10): 767-779.
32.	Winter C, Silvestre-Roig C, Ortega-Gomez A, et al. Chrono-pharmacological targeting of the CCL2-CCR2 axis ameliorates atherosclerosis. Cell Metab, 2018, 28(1): 175-182.
33.	Golan K, Kollet O, Markus RP, et al. Daily light and darkness onset and circadian rhythms metabolically synchronize hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and maintenance: The role of bone marrow norepinephrine, tumor necrosis factor, and melatonin cycles. Exp Hematol, 2019, 78: 1-10.
34.	Godoy LD, Rossignoli MT, Delfino-Pereira P, et al. A comprehensive overview on stress neurobiology: Basic concepts and clinical implications. Front Behav Neurosci, 2018, 12: 127.
35.	Sazonova MA, Sinyov VV, Ryzhkova AI, et al. Some molecular and cellular stress mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(2): 699.
36.	Maryanovich M, Zahalka AH, Pierce H, et al. Adrenergic nerve degeneration in bone marrow drives aging of the hematopoietic stem cell niche. Nat Med, 2018, 24(6): 782-791.
37.	Tawakol A, Ishai A, Takx RA, et al. Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: A longitudinal and cohort study. Lancet, 2017, 389(10071): 834-845.
38.	Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med, 2020, 54(24): 1451-1462.
39.	Suzuki K, Hayashida H. Effect of exercise intensity on cell-mediated immunity. Sports (Basel), 2021, 9(1): 8.
40.	Schmid M, Kröpfl JM, Spengler CM. Changes in circulating stem and progenitor cell numbers following acute exercise in healthy human subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stem Cell Rev Rep, 2021, 17(4): 1091-1120.

1. Zhong C, Yang X, Feng Y, et al. Trained immunity: An underlying driver of inflammatory atherosclerosis. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 284.
2. Libby P, Buring JE, Badimon L, et al. Atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2019, 5(1): 56.
3. Ma J, Chen X. Anti-inflammatory therapy for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease: Unanswered questions behind existing successes. Front Cardiovasc Med, 2021, 7: 631398.
4. Wolf D, Ley K. Immunity and inflammation in atherosclerosis. Circ Res, 2019, 124(2): 315-327.
5. Lavie CJ, Ozemek C, Carbone S, et al. Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health. Circ Res, 2019, 124(5): 799-815.
6. Colpani V, Baena CP, Jaspers L, et al. Lifestyle factors, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and elderly women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol, 2018, 33(9): 831-845.
7. Frodermann V, Rohde D, Courties G, et al. Exercise reduces inflammatory cell production and cardiovascular inflammation via instruction of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Nat Med, 2019, 25(11): 1761-1771.
8. Fruchart JC, Nierman MC, Stroes ES, et al. New risk factors for atherosclerosis and patient risk assessment. Circulation, 2004, 109(23 Suppl 1): Ⅲ15-Ⅲ19.
9. Kubota Y, Alonso A, Shah AM, et al. Television watching as sedentary behavior and atrial fibrillation: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Phys Act Health, 2018, 15(12): 895-899.
10. Katsanos AH, Lioutas VA, Charidimou A, et al. Statin treatment and accrual of covert cerebral ischaemia on neuroimaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur J Neurol, 2020, 27(6): 1023-1027.
11. 李东泽, 李芳卉, 曾锐, 等. 血管疾病的表观遗传学研究进展. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2020, 27(4): 471-475.
12. Dimitriadis GK, Kaur J, Adya R, et al. Chemerin induces endothelial cell inflammation: Activation of nuclear factor-kappa beta and monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Oncotarget, 2018, 9(24): 16678-16690.
13. Kimball AS, Obi AT, Luke CE, et al. Ly6CLo monocyte/macrophages are essential for thrombus resolution in a murine model of venous thrombosis. Thromb Haemost, 2020, 120(2): 289-299.
14. Niyonzima N, Bakke SS, Gregersen I, et al. Cholesterol crystals use complement to increase NLRP3 signaling pathways in coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. EBioMedicine, 2020, 60: 102985.
15. Barrett TJ. Macrophages in atherosclerosis regression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2020, 40(1): 20-33.
16. Mostafa MN, Osama M. The implications of neutrophil extracellular traps in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2020, 245(15): 1376-1384.
17. Jin Z, Zhu Z, Liu S, et al. TRIM59 protects mice from sepsis by regulating inflammation and phagocytosis in macrophages. Front Immunol, 2020, 11: 263.
18. Abdolmaleki F, Gheibi Hayat SM, Bianconi V, et al. Atherosclerosis and immunity: A perspective. Trends Cardiovasc Med, 2019, 29(6): 363-371.
19. Kaushansky K, Zhan H. The regulation of normal and neoplastic hematopoiesis is dependent on microenvironmental cells. Adv Biol Regul, 2018, 69: 11-15.
20. Pinho S, Frenette PS. Haematopoietic stem cell activity and interactions with the niche. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2019, 20(5): 303-320.
21. Laurenti E, Göttgens B. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes. Nature, 2018, 553(7689): 418-426.
22. Martínez-González MA, Ros E, Estruch R. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. N Engl J Med, 2018, 379(14): 1388-1389.
23. Wang Z, Bergeron N, Levison BS, et al. Impact of chronic dietary red meat, white meat, or non-meat protein on trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism and renal excretion in healthy men and women. Eur Heart J, 2019, 40(7): 583-594.
24. Jordan S, Tung N, Casanova-Acebes M, et al. Dietary intake regulates the circulating inflammatory monocyte pool. Cell, 2019, 178(5): 1102-1114.
25. Wang N, Tan HY, Li S, et al. SBP2 deficiency in adipose tissue macrophages drives insulin resistance in obesity. Sci Adv, 2019, 5(8): eaav0198.
26. Griffin C, Eter L, Lanzetta N, et al. TLR4, TRIF, and MyD88 are essential for myelopoiesis and CD11c+ adipose tissue macrophage production in obese mice. J Biol Chem, 2018, 293(23): 8775-8786.
27. Templeman I, Thompson D, Gonzalez J, et al. Intermittent fasting, energy balance and associated health outcomes in adults: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, 2018, 19(1): 86.
28. Collins N, Han SJ, Enamorado M, et al. The bone marrow protects and optimizes immunological memory during dietary restriction. Cell, 2019, 178(5): 1088-1101.
29. Fan M, Sun D, Zhou T, et al. Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and incident cardiovascular disease: A prospective study of 385 292 UK biobank participants. Eur Heart J, 2020, 41(11): 1182-1189.
30. McAlpine CS, Kiss MG, Rattik S, et al. Sleep modulates haematopoiesis and protects against atherosclerosis. Nature, 2019, 566(7744): 383-387.
31. Chellappa SL, Vujovic N, Williams JS, et al. Impact of circadian disruption on cardiovascular function and disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab, 2019, 30(10): 767-779.
32. Winter C, Silvestre-Roig C, Ortega-Gomez A, et al. Chrono-pharmacological targeting of the CCL2-CCR2 axis ameliorates atherosclerosis. Cell Metab, 2018, 28(1): 175-182.
33. Golan K, Kollet O, Markus RP, et al. Daily light and darkness onset and circadian rhythms metabolically synchronize hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and maintenance: The role of bone marrow norepinephrine, tumor necrosis factor, and melatonin cycles. Exp Hematol, 2019, 78: 1-10.
34. Godoy LD, Rossignoli MT, Delfino-Pereira P, et al. A comprehensive overview on stress neurobiology: Basic concepts and clinical implications. Front Behav Neurosci, 2018, 12: 127.
35. Sazonova MA, Sinyov VV, Ryzhkova AI, et al. Some molecular and cellular stress mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(2): 699.
36. Maryanovich M, Zahalka AH, Pierce H, et al. Adrenergic nerve degeneration in bone marrow drives aging of the hematopoietic stem cell niche. Nat Med, 2018, 24(6): 782-791.
37. Tawakol A, Ishai A, Takx RA, et al. Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: A longitudinal and cohort study. Lancet, 2017, 389(10071): 834-845.
38. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med, 2020, 54(24): 1451-1462.
39. Suzuki K, Hayashida H. Effect of exercise intensity on cell-mediated immunity. Sports (Basel), 2021, 9(1): 8.
40. Schmid M, Kröpfl JM, Spengler CM. Changes in circulating stem and progenitor cell numbers following acute exercise in healthy human subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Stem Cell Rev Rep, 2021, 17(4): 1091-1120.

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