Research progress of robotic bronchoscopy system and prospect of the combination with artificial intelligence_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

NI Pengzhi ¹ , YU Haojie ² , TANG Jie ¹ , LIANG Ruixue ² , LV Wang ¹ ,  HU Jian ¹

1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, P.R.China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P.R.China;

Corresponding author：

HU Jian, Email: dr_hujian@zju.edu.cn

Keywords：

Robotic bronchoscopy; pulmonary nodules; artificial intelligence; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202104096

Video：

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The robotic bronchoscopy system is a new technology for lung lesion location, biopsy and interventional therapy. Its safety and effectiveness have been clinically proven. Based on many advanced technologies carried by the robotic bronchoscopy system, it is more intelligent, convenient and stable when clinicians perform bronchoscopy operations. It has higher accuracy and diagnostic rates, and less complications than bronchoscopy with the assistance of magnetic navigation and ordinary bronchoscopy. This article gave a review of the progress of robotic bronchoscopy systems, and a prospect of the combination with artificial intelligence.

Citation： NI Pengzhi, YU Haojie, TANG Jie, LIANG Ruixue, LV Wang, HU Jian. Research progress of robotic bronchoscopy system and prospect of the combination with artificial intelligence. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2021, 28(10): 1167-1171. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.202104096 Copy

1.	Panchabhai TS, Mehta AC. Historical perspectives of bronchoscopy. Connecting the dots. Ann Am Thorac Soc, 2015, 12(5): 631-641.
2.	Miyazawa T. History of the flexible bronchoscope. Prog Respir Res, 2000, 30: 16-21.
3.	Andersen HA, Fontana RS. Transbronchoscopic lung biopsy for diffuse pulmonary diseases: Technique and results in 450 cases. Chest, 1972, 62(2): 125-128.
4.	Wang KP, Terry P, Marsh B. Bronchoscopic needle aspiration biopsy of paratracheal tumors. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1978, 118(1): 17-21.
5.	Hürter T, Hanrath P. Endobronchial sonography: Feasibility and preliminary results. Thorax, 1992, 47(7): 565-567.
6.	Yasufuku K, Chiyo M, Sekine Y, et al. Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. Chest, 2004, 126(1): 122-128.
7.	Silvestri GA, Gonzalez AV, Jantz MA, et al. Methods for staging non-small cell lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 2013, 143(5 Suppl): e211S-e250S.
8.	von Bartheld MB, Dekkers OM, Szlubowski A, et al. Endosonography vs. conventional bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis: The GRANULOMA randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 2013, 309(23): 2457-2464.
9.	Schwarz Y, Greif J, Becker HD, et al. Real-time electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy to peripheral lung lesions using overlaid CT images: The first human study. Chest, 2006, 129(4): 988-994.
10.	Chen Q, An Z, Cheng J, et al. Advances of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary lesions. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi, 2020, 23(6): 440-445.
11.	Jiang J, Chang SH, Kent AJ, et al. Current novel advances in bronchoscopy. Front Surg, 2020, 7: 596925.
12.	Kent AJ, Byrnes KA, Chang SH. State of the art: Robotic bronchoscopy. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2020, 32(4): 1030-1035.
13.	Agrawal A, Hogarth DK, Murgu S. Robotic bronchoscopy for pulmonary lesions: A review of existing technologies and clinical data. J Thorac Dis, 2020, 12(6): 3279-3286.
14.	Gomes P. Surgical robotics: Reviewing the past, analysing the present, imagining the future. Robot Cim-Int Manuf, 2011, 27(2): 261-266.
15.	Shah J, Vyas A, Vyas D. The history of robotics in surgical specialties. Am J Robot Surg, 2014, 1(1): 12-20.
16.	Pugin F, Bucher P, Morel P. History of robotic surgery: From AESOP® and ZEUS® to da Vinci®. J Visc Surg, 2011, 148(5 Suppl): e3-e8.
17.	韩彩文, 田宏伟, 杜斌斌, 等. 机器人辅助技术在普外科的应用现状和前景展望. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2020, 27(12): 1598-1603.
18.	Finley DS, Nguyen NT. Surgical robotics. Curr Surg, 2005, 62(2): 262-272.
19.	Chen AC, Gillespie CT. Robotic endoscopic airway challenge: REACH assessment. Ann Thorac Surg, 2018, 106(1): 293-297.
20.	Intuitive. How ion works: A comprehensive look at Intuitive's robotic-assisted minimally invasive biopsy platform. Available online at: https://www.intuitive.com/en-us/products-and-services/ion/how-ion-works. Accessed on April 25, 2021.
21.	Rojas-Solano JR, Ugalde-Gamboa L, Machuzak M. Robotic bronchoscopy for diagnosis of suspected lung cancer: A feasibility study. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol, 2018, 25(3): 168-175.
22.	Chaddha U, Kovacs SP, Manley C, et al. Robot-assisted bronchoscopy for pulmonary lesion diagnosis: Results from the initial multicenter experience. BMC Pulm Med, 2019, 19(1): 243.
23.	Chen AC, Pastis NJ, Mahajan AK, et al. Robotic bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary lesions: A multicenter pilot and feasibility study (BENEFIT). Chest, 2021, 159(2): 845-852.
24.	Fielding DIK, Bashirzadeh F, Son JH, et al. First human use of a new robotic-assisted fiber optic sensing navigation system for small peripheral pulmonary nodules. Respiration, 2019, 98(2): 142-150.
25.	Yarmus L, Akulian J, Wahidi M, et al. A prospective randomized comparative study of three guided bronchoscopic approaches for investigating pulmonary nodules: The PRECISION-1 study. Chest, 2020, 157(3): 694-701.
26.	Kalchiem-Dekel O, Fuentes P, Bott MJ, et al. Multiplanar 3D fluoroscopy redefines tool-lesion relationship during robotic-assisted bronchoscopy. Respirology, 2021, 26(1): 120-123.

1. Panchabhai TS, Mehta AC. Historical perspectives of bronchoscopy. Connecting the dots. Ann Am Thorac Soc, 2015, 12(5): 631-641.
2. Miyazawa T. History of the flexible bronchoscope. Prog Respir Res, 2000, 30: 16-21.
3. Andersen HA, Fontana RS. Transbronchoscopic lung biopsy for diffuse pulmonary diseases: Technique and results in 450 cases. Chest, 1972, 62(2): 125-128.
4. Wang KP, Terry P, Marsh B. Bronchoscopic needle aspiration biopsy of paratracheal tumors. Am Rev Respir Dis, 1978, 118(1): 17-21.
5. Hürter T, Hanrath P. Endobronchial sonography: Feasibility and preliminary results. Thorax, 1992, 47(7): 565-567.
6. Yasufuku K, Chiyo M, Sekine Y, et al. Real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes. Chest, 2004, 126(1): 122-128.
7. Silvestri GA, Gonzalez AV, Jantz MA, et al. Methods for staging non-small cell lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 2013, 143(5 Suppl): e211S-e250S.
8. von Bartheld MB, Dekkers OM, Szlubowski A, et al. Endosonography vs. conventional bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis: The GRANULOMA randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 2013, 309(23): 2457-2464.
9. Schwarz Y, Greif J, Becker HD, et al. Real-time electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy to peripheral lung lesions using overlaid CT images: The first human study. Chest, 2006, 129(4): 988-994.
10. Chen Q, An Z, Cheng J, et al. Advances of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary lesions. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi, 2020, 23(6): 440-445.
11. Jiang J, Chang SH, Kent AJ, et al. Current novel advances in bronchoscopy. Front Surg, 2020, 7: 596925.
12. Kent AJ, Byrnes KA, Chang SH. State of the art: Robotic bronchoscopy. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2020, 32(4): 1030-1035.
13. Agrawal A, Hogarth DK, Murgu S. Robotic bronchoscopy for pulmonary lesions: A review of existing technologies and clinical data. J Thorac Dis, 2020, 12(6): 3279-3286.
14. Gomes P. Surgical robotics: Reviewing the past, analysing the present, imagining the future. Robot Cim-Int Manuf, 2011, 27(2): 261-266.
15. Shah J, Vyas A, Vyas D. The history of robotics in surgical specialties. Am J Robot Surg, 2014, 1(1): 12-20.
16. Pugin F, Bucher P, Morel P. History of robotic surgery: From AESOP® and ZEUS® to da Vinci®. J Visc Surg, 2011, 148(5 Suppl): e3-e8.
17. 韩彩文, 田宏伟, 杜斌斌, 等. 机器人辅助技术在普外科的应用现状和前景展望. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2020, 27(12): 1598-1603.
18. Finley DS, Nguyen NT. Surgical robotics. Curr Surg, 2005, 62(2): 262-272.
19. Chen AC, Gillespie CT. Robotic endoscopic airway challenge: REACH assessment. Ann Thorac Surg, 2018, 106(1): 293-297.
20. Intuitive. How ion works: A comprehensive look at Intuitive's robotic-assisted minimally invasive biopsy platform. Available online at: https://www.intuitive.com/en-us/products-and-services/ion/how-ion-works. Accessed on April 25, 2021.
21. Rojas-Solano JR, Ugalde-Gamboa L, Machuzak M. Robotic bronchoscopy for diagnosis of suspected lung cancer: A feasibility study. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol, 2018, 25(3): 168-175.
22. Chaddha U, Kovacs SP, Manley C, et al. Robot-assisted bronchoscopy for pulmonary lesion diagnosis: Results from the initial multicenter experience. BMC Pulm Med, 2019, 19(1): 243.
23. Chen AC, Pastis NJ, Mahajan AK, et al. Robotic bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary lesions: A multicenter pilot and feasibility study (BENEFIT). Chest, 2021, 159(2): 845-852.
24. Fielding DIK, Bashirzadeh F, Son JH, et al. First human use of a new robotic-assisted fiber optic sensing navigation system for small peripheral pulmonary nodules. Respiration, 2019, 98(2): 142-150.
25. Yarmus L, Akulian J, Wahidi M, et al. A prospective randomized comparative study of three guided bronchoscopic approaches for investigating pulmonary nodules: The PRECISION-1 study. Chest, 2020, 157(3): 694-701.
26. Kalchiem-Dekel O, Fuentes P, Bott MJ, et al. Multiplanar 3D fluoroscopy redefines tool-lesion relationship during robotic-assisted bronchoscopy. Respirology, 2021, 26(1): 120-123.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Research progress of robotic bronchoscopy system and prospect of the combination with artificial intelligence

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