目的 探讨新辅助化学疗法（化疗）对结直肠癌手术患者炎症因子水平的影响。 方法 回顾2008年1月－2009年12月诊断为结直肠癌的487例患者的临床资料，剔除不符合研究条件者后，共390例，以是否接受过新辅助化疗分为术前化疗组（化疗组）156例与对照组234例进行研究。分别比较两组在入院时、术前、术后的炎症因子水平。 结果 入院时两组外周血白细胞、C反应蛋白（CRP）、纤维蛋白原、血清淀粉样蛋白水平差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；术后化疗组CRP水平[（64.09 ± 60.24）mg/L]低于对照组[（87.80 ± 61.54）mg/L]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；其余炎症因子组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 新辅助化疗不会刺激机体产生免疫反应，且有一定的安全性。
目的 评估对降低食管癌术后患者肺部并发症发生的预防措施。 方法 采用logistic回归的统计学方法，对胸外科1组2008年1月－2011年12月间行食管癌手术的109例患者进行回顾性分析，对所有可能的影响因素纳入研究。 结果 共计有24例患者发生肺部并发症（包括肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合征）；计算体质量指数测定值，累计有31例患者术前存在营养不良体质量指数测定值＜18 kg/m2，其中有11例发生肺部并发症。吸烟和糖尿病是发生肺部并发症的独立危险因素（P=0.017，0.048），34名患者进行了新辅助化学疗法（化疗），未明显增加术后肺部并发症的风险（P=0.080）。术中限制液体输入的患者，术后肺部并发症明显减少（P=0.008）。 结论 术前患者存在营养不良、吸烟史、糖尿病史及术中输入较多液体等都是患者发生肺部并发症的高危因素，但新辅助化疗未见引起肺部并发症升高。
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for stage ⅠB2-ⅡB cervical cancer. Methods From June 2012 to December 2014, 66 patients with stage ⅠB2-ⅡB cervical cancer were selected and treated by PT (cisplatin/ carboplatin and taxol/docetaxel) as neo-adjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy response and toxicity were collected and analyzed. Results The extinctive condition of tumor by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy: the complete remission rate was 10.6% (7/66), partial remission rate was 59.1% (39/66), and the total effective rate was 69.7%. The main toxicities were myelosuppression (59.1%, 39/66) and gastrointestinal reactions (33.3%, 22/66). The toxicities could be tolerated or relieved by prevention and treatment. The effective rate of chemotherapy for cervical squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma was 72.6%, 33.3% and 0%, respectively, with significant differences among the three types (P<0.05). The effective rate of chemotherapy for high, medium and low differentiated cervical cancer was 100.0%, 77.3% and 55.9%, respectively, with significant differences among the three degrees (P<0.05). Conclusions Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is proved to be a safe and effective complementary treatment for most patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Due to the limitation of sample size, the correlations between therapeutic effect and tumor differentiation degree and between therapeutic effect and pathological type need further study.