Objective To discuss the relationship between calf muscle pump function and chronic venous insufficiency(CVI).Methods This summarized paper was made on literature review. Results Calf muscle pump function was studied by air plethysmography,straingauge plethysmography，intramuscular pressure，calf muscle pump efficiency，foot mercury straingauge plethysmography，isotope plethysmography，and digitized photo plethysmography.The calf muscle pump function of patients with CVI decreased apparently and can be markedly improved after proper treatment. Conclusion The relationship between calf muscle pump function and CVI is apparent.
【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the role of leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes in the disease of chronic venous insufficiency （CVI）. Methods The relevant literatures about the role of leukocyte activation and inflammatory reaction in CVI were reviewed. Results The role of inflammatory reaction in occurrence and development of venous diseases has been studied a lot in recent years. It was found that the leukocyte activation and inflammatory reaction are involved in the structural remodeling of venous valves and walls, leading to valvular incompetence and formation of varicose veins. Conclusion Leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes take important roles in the occurrence and progression of CVI.