The regulation of miRNA in age-related macular degeneration_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Liu Xiaochen ,  Wu Min

Department of Ophthalmology, The Sceond People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Eye Institute, Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology, Kunming 650021, China;

Corresponding author：

Wu Min, Email: ynwumin@126.com

Keywords：

Macular degeneration/etiology; MicroRNAs; Oxidative stress; Review

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20180528-00169

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

MiRNAs are stable small RNAs that are expressed abundantly in animals and plants. They can bind to the 3'-untranslated region of the target mRNA, and regulate its expression at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNAs’ abnormal expression and its following abnormal biological regulation are closely related to the occurrence and development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including inflammatory response, oxidative stress injury, phagocytosis dysfunction and abnormal angiogenesis. Since the dysregulation of miR-155, miR-125b and miR-34a seems to play a more important role in AMD, these microRNAs may be expected to become the new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AMD.

Citation： Liu Xiaochen, Wu Min. The regulation of miRNA in age-related macular degeneration. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2020, 36(7): 560-564. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20180528-00169 Copy

1.	Hutvágner G, Zamore PD. A microRNA in a multiple-turnover RNAi enzyme complex[J]. Science, 2002, 297(5589): 2056-2060. DOI: 10.1126/science.1073827.
2.	Kozomara A, Griffithsjones S. MiRBase: integrating microRNA annotation and deep-sequencing data[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2011, 39(Database issue): D152-157. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1027.
3.	Kozomara A, Griffithsjones S. MiRBase: annotating high confidence microRNAs using deep sequencing data[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2014, 42(Database issue): D68-73. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt1181.
4.	Karali M, Persico M, Mutarelli M, et al. High-resolution analysis of the human retina miRNome reveals isomiR variations and novel microRNAs[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2011, 44(4): 1525-1540. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw039.
5.	Shaham O, Gueta K, Mor E, et al. Pax6 regulates gene expression in the vertebrate lens through miR-204[J/OL]. PLoS Genet, 2013, 9(3): 1003357[2013-03-14]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/23516376. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003357.
6.	Szabó D, Sándor GL, Tóth G, et al. Visual impairment and blindness in hungary[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2018, 96(2): 168-173. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13542.
7.	Xia F, Wu L, Weng C, et al. Causes and three-year incidence of irreversible visual impairment in Jing-An District, Shanghai, China from 2010-2015[J]. Bmc Ophthalmol, 2017, 17(1): 216. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0603-3.
8.	Hernández-Zimbrón LF, Zamora-Alvarado R, Ochoa-De la Paz L, et al. Age-related macular degeneration: new paradigms for treatment and management of AMD[J/OL]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2018, 2018: 8374647[2018-02-01]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/29484106. DOI: 10.1155/2018/8374647.
9.	Ertekin S, Yıldırım O, Dinç E, et al. Evaluation of circulating miRNAs in wet age-related macular degeneration[J]. Mol Vis, 2014, 20(17): 1057-1066.
10.	Ren C, Liu Q, Wei Q, et al. Circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration[J]. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2017, 41(4): 1413-1423. DOI: 10.1159/000467941.
11.	Romano GL, Platania CBM, Drago F, et al. Retinal and circulating miRNAs in age-related macular degeneration: an in vivo animal and human study[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2017, 8: 168. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00168.
12.	Ménard C, Rezende FA, Miloudi K, et al. MicroRNA signatures in vitreous humour and plasma of patients with exudative AMD[J]. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(15): 19171-19184. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8280.
13.	Assel MJ, Li F, Wang Y, et al. Genetic polymorphisms of CFH and ARMS2 do not predict response to antioxidants and zinc in patients with age-related macular degeneration: independent statistical evaluations of data from the age-related eye disease study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2018, 125(3): 391-397. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.09.008.
14.	Jabbarpoor Bonyadi MH, Yaseri M, Nikkhah H, et al. Association of risk genotypes of ARMS2/LOC387715 A69S and CFH Y402H with age-related macular degeneration with and without reticular pseudodrusen: a meta-analysis[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2018, 96(2): 105-110. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13494.
15.	Toomey CB, Johnson LV, Bowes Rickman C. Complement factor H in AMD: Bridging genetic associations and pathobiology[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2018, 62: 38-57. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.09.001.
16.	Lukiw WJ, Surjyadipta B, Dua P, et al. Common micro RNAs (miRNAs) target complement factor H (CFH) regulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in age-related macular degeneration (AMD)[J]. Int J Biochem Mol Biol, 2012, 3(1): 105-116.
17.	He F, Liu B, Meng Q, et al. Modulation of miR-146a/complement factor H-mediated inflammatory responses in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy[J/OL]. Biosci Rep, 2016, 36(6): 00433[2016-12-23]. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/27852797. DOI: 10.1042/BSR20160290.
18.	Kutty KR, Nagineni CN, Samuel W, et al. Differential regulation of microRNA-146a and microRNA-146b-5p in human retinal pigment epithelial cells by interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ[J]. Mol Vis, 2013, 19: 737-750.
19.	Sun HJ, Jin XM, Xu J, et al. Baicalin alleviates age-related macular degeneration via miR-223/NLRP3-regulated pyroptosis[J]. Pharmacology, 2020, 105(1-2): 28-38. DOI: 10.1159/000502614.
20.	Lv YN, Ou-Yang AJ, Fu LS. MicroRNA-27a negatively modulates the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia by targeting TLR4 and IRAK4[J]. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2017, 37(2): 195-210. DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0361-4.
21.	Bretz CA, Divoky V, Prchal J, et al. Erythropoietin signaling increases choroidal macrophages and cytokine expression, and exacerbates choroidal neovascularization[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 2161. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20520-z.
22.	Lin JB, Moolani HV, Sene A, et al. Macrophage microRNA-150 promotes pathological angiogenesis as seen in age-related macular degeneration[J/OL]. JCI Insight, 2018, 3(7): 120157[2018-04-05]. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.120157. DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120157.
23.	张鹏飞, 孙晓东. 视网膜小胶质细胞在年龄相关性黄斑变性中的免疫调节作用[J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2016, 52(5): 386-390. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.05.016.Zhang PF, Sun XD. The immunomodulatory role of retinal microglial cells in age-related macular degeneration[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol, 2016, 52(5): 386-390. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.05.016.
24.	Cao X, Shen D, Patel MM, et al. Macrophage polarization in the maculae of age-related macular degeneration: a pilot study[J]. Pathol Int, 2011, 61(9): 528-535. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2011.02695.x.
25.	Guedes J, Cardoso AL, Pedroso de lima MC. Involvement of microRNA in microglia-mediated immune response[J/OL]. Clin Dev Immunol, 2013, 2013(4): 186872[2013-05-23]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/23762086. DOI: 10.1155/2013/186872.
26.	Yan L, Lee S, Lazzaro DR, et al. Single and compound knock-outs of microRNA (miRNA)-155 and its angiogenic gene target CCN1 in mice alter vascular and neovascular growth in the retina via resident microglia[J]. J Biol Chem, 2015, 290(38): 23264-23281. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.646950.
27.	Zhang P, Wang H, Luo X, et al. MicroRNA-155 inhibits polarization of macrophages to M2-type and suppresses choroidal neovascularization[J]. Inflammation, 2018, 41(1): 143-153. DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0672-8.
28.	Sene A, Khan AA, Cox D, et al. Impaired cholesterol efflux in senescent macrophages promotes age-related macular degeneration[J]. Cell Metab, 2013, 17(4): 549-561. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.009.
29.	Ayaz L, Dinç E. Evaluation of microRNA responses in ARPE-19 cells against the oxidative stress[J]. Cutan Ocul Toxicol, 2018, 37(2): 121-126. DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2017.1355314.
30.	Lin H, Qian J, Castillo AC, et al. Effect of miR-23 on oxidant-induced injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cells[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(9): 6308-6314. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-6632.
31.	Bo T, Maidana DE, Bernard D, et al. MiR-17-3p exacerbates oxidative damage in human retinal pigment epithelial cells[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(8): 0160887[2016-08-09]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/27505139. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160887.
32.	Tong N, Jin R, Zhou Z, et al. Involvement of microRNA-34a in age-related susceptibility to oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells by targeting the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1/p66shc pathway: implications for age-related macular degeneration[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2019, 11: 137. DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00137.
33.	Shao Y, Yu Y, Zhou Q, et al. Inhibition of miR-134 protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells[J]. J Mol Neurosci, 2015, 56(2): 461-471. DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0522-9.
34.	Li W. Phagocyte dysfunction, tissue aging and degeneration[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2013, 12(4): 1005-1012. DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.05.006.
35.	Marion S, Hoffmann E, Holzer D, et al. Ezrin promotes actin assembly at the phagosome membrane and regulates phago-lysosomal fusion[J]. Traffic, 2011, 12(4): 421-437. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01158.x.
36.	Erwig LP, McPhilips KA, Wynes MW, et al. Differential regulation of phagosome maturation in macrophages and dendritic cells mediated by Rho GTPases and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2006, 103(34): 12825-12830. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605331103.
37.	Murad N, Kokkinaki M, Gunawardena N, et al. MiR-184 regulates ezrin, LAMP-1 expression, affects phagocytosis in human retinal pigment epithelium and is downregulated in age-related macular degeneration[J]. FEBS J, 2014, 281(23): 5251-5264. DOI: 10.1111/febs.13066.
38.	Shinohara M, Fujioka S, Murray ME, et al. Regional distribution of synaptic markers and APP correlate with distinct clinicopathological features in sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease[J]. Brain, 2014, 137(Pt 5): 1533-1549. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu046.
39.	Bhattacharjee S, Zhao Y, Dua P, et al. MicroRNA-34a-mediated down-regulation of the microglial-enriched triggering receptor and phagocytosis-sensor TREM2 in age-related macular degeneration[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(3): 0150211[2016-03-07]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/26949937. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150211.
40.	Wang L, Lee AY, Wigg JP, et al. MiR-126 regulation of angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration in CNV mouse model[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2016, 17(6): 895. DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060895.
41.	Gong Q, Xie J, Liu Y, et al. Differentially expressed microRNAs in the development of early diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. J Diabetes Res, 2017, 2017: 4727942[2017-06-15]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/28706953. DOI: 10.1155/2017/4727942.
42.	Mirzoeva S, Franzen CA, Pelling JC. Apigenin inhibits TGF-β-induced VEGF expression in human prostate carcinoma cells via a Smad2/3-and Src-dependent mechanism[J]. Mol Carcinog, 2014, 53(8): 598-609. DOI: 10.1002/mc.22005.
43.	Wang L, Lee AY, Wigg JP, et al. MiRNA involvement in angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration[J]. J Physiol Biochem, 2016, 72(4): 583-592. DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0496-2.
44.	Cai J, Yin G, Lin B, et al. Roles of NFκB-miR-29s-MMP-2 circuitry in experimental choroidal neovascularization[J]. J Neuroinflammation, 2014, 11: 88. DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-88.
45.	Gao F, Sun M, Gong Y, et al. MicroRNA-195a-3p inhibits angiogenesis by targeting MMP2 in murine mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Mol Reprod Dev, 2016, 83(5): 413-423. DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22638.
46.	Zhou Q, Anderson C, Zhang H, et al. Repression of choroidal neovascularization through actin cytoskeleton pathways by microRNA-24[J]. Mol Ther, 2014, 22(2): 378-389. DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.243.
47.	Liu CH, Sun Y, Li J, et al. Endothelial microRNA-150 is an intrinsic suppressor of pathologic ocular neovascularization[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015, 112(39): 12163-12168. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508426112.
48.	Che P, Liu J, Shan Z, et al. MiR-125a-5p impairs endothelial cell angiogenesis in aging mice via RTEF-1 downregulation[J]. Aging Cell, 2014, 13(5): 926-934. DOI: 10.1111/acel.12252.
49.	Svensson D, Gidlöf O, Turczyńska KM, et al. Inhibition of microRNA-125a promotes human endothelial cell proliferation and viability through an antiapoptotic mechanism[J]. J Vasc Res, 2014, 51(3): 239-245. DOI: 10.1159/000365551.
50.	Muramatsu F, Kidoya H, Naito H, et al. MicroRNA-125b inhibits tube formation of blood vessels through translational suppression of VE-cadherin[J]. Oncogene, 2013, 32(4): 414-421. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.68.
51.	Natoli R, Fernando N. MicroRNA as therapeutics for age-related macular degeneration[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018, 1074: 37-43. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_5.
52.	Kosaka N, Iguchi H, Yoshioka Y, et al. Secretory mechanisms and intercellular transfer of microRNAs in living cells[J]. J Biol Chem, 2010, 285(23): 17442-17452. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.107821.
53.	Creemers EE, Tijsen AJ, Pinto YM. Circulating microRNAs: novel biomarkers and extracellular communicators in cardiovascular disease?[J]. Circ Res, 2012, 110(3): 483-495. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.247452.
54.	Berber P, Grassmann F, Kiel C, et al. An eye on age-related macular degeneration: the role of microRNAs in disease pathology[J]. Mol Diagn Ther, 2017, 21(1): 31-43. DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0234-z.

1. Hutvágner G, Zamore PD. A microRNA in a multiple-turnover RNAi enzyme complex[J]. Science, 2002, 297(5589): 2056-2060. DOI: 10.1126/science.1073827.
2. Kozomara A, Griffithsjones S. MiRBase: integrating microRNA annotation and deep-sequencing data[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2011, 39(Database issue): D152-157. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1027.
3. Kozomara A, Griffithsjones S. MiRBase: annotating high confidence microRNAs using deep sequencing data[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2014, 42(Database issue): D68-73. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt1181.
4. Karali M, Persico M, Mutarelli M, et al. High-resolution analysis of the human retina miRNome reveals isomiR variations and novel microRNAs[J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 2011, 44(4): 1525-1540. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw039.
5. Shaham O, Gueta K, Mor E, et al. Pax6 regulates gene expression in the vertebrate lens through miR-204[J/OL]. PLoS Genet, 2013, 9(3): 1003357[2013-03-14]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/23516376. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003357.
6. Szabó D, Sándor GL, Tóth G, et al. Visual impairment and blindness in hungary[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2018, 96(2): 168-173. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13542.
7. Xia F, Wu L, Weng C, et al. Causes and three-year incidence of irreversible visual impairment in Jing-An District, Shanghai, China from 2010-2015[J]. Bmc Ophthalmol, 2017, 17(1): 216. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0603-3.
8. Hernández-Zimbrón LF, Zamora-Alvarado R, Ochoa-De la Paz L, et al. Age-related macular degeneration: new paradigms for treatment and management of AMD[J/OL]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2018, 2018: 8374647[2018-02-01]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/29484106. DOI: 10.1155/2018/8374647.
9. Ertekin S, Yıldırım O, Dinç E, et al. Evaluation of circulating miRNAs in wet age-related macular degeneration[J]. Mol Vis, 2014, 20(17): 1057-1066.
10. Ren C, Liu Q, Wei Q, et al. Circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration[J]. Cell Physiol Biochem, 2017, 41(4): 1413-1423. DOI: 10.1159/000467941.
11. Romano GL, Platania CBM, Drago F, et al. Retinal and circulating miRNAs in age-related macular degeneration: an in vivo animal and human study[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2017, 8: 168. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00168.
12. Ménard C, Rezende FA, Miloudi K, et al. MicroRNA signatures in vitreous humour and plasma of patients with exudative AMD[J]. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(15): 19171-19184. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8280.
13. Assel MJ, Li F, Wang Y, et al. Genetic polymorphisms of CFH and ARMS2 do not predict response to antioxidants and zinc in patients with age-related macular degeneration: independent statistical evaluations of data from the age-related eye disease study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2018, 125(3): 391-397. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.09.008.
14. Jabbarpoor Bonyadi MH, Yaseri M, Nikkhah H, et al. Association of risk genotypes of ARMS2/LOC387715 A69S and CFH Y402H with age-related macular degeneration with and without reticular pseudodrusen: a meta-analysis[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2018, 96(2): 105-110. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13494.
15. Toomey CB, Johnson LV, Bowes Rickman C. Complement factor H in AMD: Bridging genetic associations and pathobiology[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2018, 62: 38-57. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.09.001.
16. Lukiw WJ, Surjyadipta B, Dua P, et al. Common micro RNAs (miRNAs) target complement factor H (CFH) regulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in age-related macular degeneration (AMD)[J]. Int J Biochem Mol Biol, 2012, 3(1): 105-116.
17. He F, Liu B, Meng Q, et al. Modulation of miR-146a/complement factor H-mediated inflammatory responses in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy[J/OL]. Biosci Rep, 2016, 36(6): 00433[2016-12-23]. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/27852797. DOI: 10.1042/BSR20160290.
18. Kutty KR, Nagineni CN, Samuel W, et al. Differential regulation of microRNA-146a and microRNA-146b-5p in human retinal pigment epithelial cells by interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ[J]. Mol Vis, 2013, 19: 737-750.
19. Sun HJ, Jin XM, Xu J, et al. Baicalin alleviates age-related macular degeneration via miR-223/NLRP3-regulated pyroptosis[J]. Pharmacology, 2020, 105(1-2): 28-38. DOI: 10.1159/000502614.
20. Lv YN, Ou-Yang AJ, Fu LS. MicroRNA-27a negatively modulates the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia by targeting TLR4 and IRAK4[J]. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2017, 37(2): 195-210. DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0361-4.
21. Bretz CA, Divoky V, Prchal J, et al. Erythropoietin signaling increases choroidal macrophages and cytokine expression, and exacerbates choroidal neovascularization[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 2161. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20520-z.
22. Lin JB, Moolani HV, Sene A, et al. Macrophage microRNA-150 promotes pathological angiogenesis as seen in age-related macular degeneration[J/OL]. JCI Insight, 2018, 3(7): 120157[2018-04-05]. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.120157. DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.120157.
23. 张鹏飞, 孙晓东. 视网膜小胶质细胞在年龄相关性黄斑变性中的免疫调节作用[J]. 中华眼科杂志, 2016, 52(5): 386-390. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.05.016.Zhang PF, Sun XD. The immunomodulatory role of retinal microglial cells in age-related macular degeneration[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol, 2016, 52(5): 386-390. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.05.016.
24. Cao X, Shen D, Patel MM, et al. Macrophage polarization in the maculae of age-related macular degeneration: a pilot study[J]. Pathol Int, 2011, 61(9): 528-535. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2011.02695.x.
25. Guedes J, Cardoso AL, Pedroso de lima MC. Involvement of microRNA in microglia-mediated immune response[J/OL]. Clin Dev Immunol, 2013, 2013(4): 186872[2013-05-23]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/23762086. DOI: 10.1155/2013/186872.
26. Yan L, Lee S, Lazzaro DR, et al. Single and compound knock-outs of microRNA (miRNA)-155 and its angiogenic gene target CCN1 in mice alter vascular and neovascular growth in the retina via resident microglia[J]. J Biol Chem, 2015, 290(38): 23264-23281. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.646950.
27. Zhang P, Wang H, Luo X, et al. MicroRNA-155 inhibits polarization of macrophages to M2-type and suppresses choroidal neovascularization[J]. Inflammation, 2018, 41(1): 143-153. DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0672-8.
28. Sene A, Khan AA, Cox D, et al. Impaired cholesterol efflux in senescent macrophages promotes age-related macular degeneration[J]. Cell Metab, 2013, 17(4): 549-561. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.009.
29. Ayaz L, Dinç E. Evaluation of microRNA responses in ARPE-19 cells against the oxidative stress[J]. Cutan Ocul Toxicol, 2018, 37(2): 121-126. DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2017.1355314.
30. Lin H, Qian J, Castillo AC, et al. Effect of miR-23 on oxidant-induced injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cells[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(9): 6308-6314. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-6632.
31. Bo T, Maidana DE, Bernard D, et al. MiR-17-3p exacerbates oxidative damage in human retinal pigment epithelial cells[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(8): 0160887[2016-08-09]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/27505139. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160887.
32. Tong N, Jin R, Zhou Z, et al. Involvement of microRNA-34a in age-related susceptibility to oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells by targeting the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1/p66shc pathway: implications for age-related macular degeneration[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2019, 11: 137. DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00137.
33. Shao Y, Yu Y, Zhou Q, et al. Inhibition of miR-134 protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells[J]. J Mol Neurosci, 2015, 56(2): 461-471. DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0522-9.
34. Li W. Phagocyte dysfunction, tissue aging and degeneration[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2013, 12(4): 1005-1012. DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2013.05.006.
35. Marion S, Hoffmann E, Holzer D, et al. Ezrin promotes actin assembly at the phagosome membrane and regulates phago-lysosomal fusion[J]. Traffic, 2011, 12(4): 421-437. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01158.x.
36. Erwig LP, McPhilips KA, Wynes MW, et al. Differential regulation of phagosome maturation in macrophages and dendritic cells mediated by Rho GTPases and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2006, 103(34): 12825-12830. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605331103.
37. Murad N, Kokkinaki M, Gunawardena N, et al. MiR-184 regulates ezrin, LAMP-1 expression, affects phagocytosis in human retinal pigment epithelium and is downregulated in age-related macular degeneration[J]. FEBS J, 2014, 281(23): 5251-5264. DOI: 10.1111/febs.13066.
38. Shinohara M, Fujioka S, Murray ME, et al. Regional distribution of synaptic markers and APP correlate with distinct clinicopathological features in sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease[J]. Brain, 2014, 137(Pt 5): 1533-1549. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu046.
39. Bhattacharjee S, Zhao Y, Dua P, et al. MicroRNA-34a-mediated down-regulation of the microglial-enriched triggering receptor and phagocytosis-sensor TREM2 in age-related macular degeneration[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(3): 0150211[2016-03-07]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/26949937. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150211.
40. Wang L, Lee AY, Wigg JP, et al. MiR-126 regulation of angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration in CNV mouse model[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2016, 17(6): 895. DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060895.
41. Gong Q, Xie J, Liu Y, et al. Differentially expressed microRNAs in the development of early diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. J Diabetes Res, 2017, 2017: 4727942[2017-06-15]. http://europepmc.org/article/MED/28706953. DOI: 10.1155/2017/4727942.
42. Mirzoeva S, Franzen CA, Pelling JC. Apigenin inhibits TGF-β-induced VEGF expression in human prostate carcinoma cells via a Smad2/3-and Src-dependent mechanism[J]. Mol Carcinog, 2014, 53(8): 598-609. DOI: 10.1002/mc.22005.
43. Wang L, Lee AY, Wigg JP, et al. MiRNA involvement in angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration[J]. J Physiol Biochem, 2016, 72(4): 583-592. DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0496-2.
44. Cai J, Yin G, Lin B, et al. Roles of NFκB-miR-29s-MMP-2 circuitry in experimental choroidal neovascularization[J]. J Neuroinflammation, 2014, 11: 88. DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-88.
45. Gao F, Sun M, Gong Y, et al. MicroRNA-195a-3p inhibits angiogenesis by targeting MMP2 in murine mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Mol Reprod Dev, 2016, 83(5): 413-423. DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22638.
46. Zhou Q, Anderson C, Zhang H, et al. Repression of choroidal neovascularization through actin cytoskeleton pathways by microRNA-24[J]. Mol Ther, 2014, 22(2): 378-389. DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.243.
47. Liu CH, Sun Y, Li J, et al. Endothelial microRNA-150 is an intrinsic suppressor of pathologic ocular neovascularization[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015, 112(39): 12163-12168. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508426112.
48. Che P, Liu J, Shan Z, et al. MiR-125a-5p impairs endothelial cell angiogenesis in aging mice via RTEF-1 downregulation[J]. Aging Cell, 2014, 13(5): 926-934. DOI: 10.1111/acel.12252.
49. Svensson D, Gidlöf O, Turczyńska KM, et al. Inhibition of microRNA-125a promotes human endothelial cell proliferation and viability through an antiapoptotic mechanism[J]. J Vasc Res, 2014, 51(3): 239-245. DOI: 10.1159/000365551.
50. Muramatsu F, Kidoya H, Naito H, et al. MicroRNA-125b inhibits tube formation of blood vessels through translational suppression of VE-cadherin[J]. Oncogene, 2013, 32(4): 414-421. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.68.
51. Natoli R, Fernando N. MicroRNA as therapeutics for age-related macular degeneration[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018, 1074: 37-43. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75402-4_5.
52. Kosaka N, Iguchi H, Yoshioka Y, et al. Secretory mechanisms and intercellular transfer of microRNAs in living cells[J]. J Biol Chem, 2010, 285(23): 17442-17452. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.107821.
53. Creemers EE, Tijsen AJ, Pinto YM. Circulating microRNAs: novel biomarkers and extracellular communicators in cardiovascular disease?[J]. Circ Res, 2012, 110(3): 483-495. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.247452.
54. Berber P, Grassmann F, Kiel C, et al. An eye on age-related macular degeneration: the role of microRNAs in disease pathology[J]. Mol Diagn Ther, 2017, 21(1): 31-43. DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0234-z.

Previous Article
Progress in the application of oximetry in retinal diseases
Next Article
Effects of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs on retinal blood circulation

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

The regulation of miRNA in age-related macular degeneration

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content