Objective To investigate the relationship between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and susceptibility to keloid. Methods The p53 genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reactionreverse dot blot(PCRRDB) and DNA direct sequencing among 15 healthy controls and 15 patients with keloid. Results The frequency of the Proallele(P=0.035) and Pro/Pro genotype(P=0.030) in patients was significantly higher than that in the controlls. There was no significant difference in the frequency of Pro/Arg and Arg/Arg genotypes between patients and controls. Conclusion The p53 gene codon 72 polymorphism may play a role in susceptibility to keloid.
Objective To explore the association between manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Val-9Ala polymorphism and breast cancer risk and to investigate the interaction with menopausal status by meta-analysis. Methods Such databases as The Cochrane Libtary (Issue1, 2010), Pubmed, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data were searched from the date of their establishment to October, 2010, and the case-control studies of MnSOD Val-9Ala polymorphism and breast cancer risk were collected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then the quality of the included trials was assessed and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 4.2.10 software. Results A total of 14 studies involving 17 842 patients were included. The results of meta-analyses showed no significant relation between MnSOD Val-9Ala polymorphism and the breast cancer susceptibility (Val/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.04, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.17; Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.12, 95%CI 0.95 to 1.33; Ala/Ala vs. Val/Ala+Val/Val: OR=1.06, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.20; Val/Ala+ Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.06, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.10). However, in the subgroup analysis, the breast cancer risk significantly increased for premenopausal women (Val/Ala+Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR=1.15, 95%CI 1.01 to1.31). Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that the MnSOD Val-9Ala polymorphism is not significantly associated with the breast cancer susceptibility, but it may increase the risk of breast cancer in the presence of menopausal state.
Objective To summarize the advancement of hereditary thrombophilia. Methods Relevant literatures about hereditary thrombophilia published recently domestic and abroad were reviewed and analyzed. Results The hereditary risk factors of venous thromboembolism were different among different races. In western population, the main risk factors were activated protein C resistance (APC-R) and mutation of factor V Leiden, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism (C677T) and prothrombin G20210A. While in Chinese population, the disorder of protein C system and hyperhomocysteinemia were the major genetic risk factor. The existence of multiple genetic risk factors increased the incidence of primary and recurrent venous thromboembolism. Conclusion Further study on the relations between the hereditary risk factors and thrombophilia will be very important for prediction and prevention of the venous thromboembolism.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions of hTERT mRNA and BRCA1 protein and to analyze the correlation between these two factors in breast cancer. MethodsThe expression of hTERT mRNA was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression of BRCA1 protein was examined by immunohistochemistry. ResultsThe positive rates of hTERT mRNA and BRCA1 protein were 72.1%（31/43） and 34.9%（15/43） in breast cancer tissue, were 5.0%(2/40) and 77.5%(31/40) in paracancerous breast tissue respectively. Significant difference existed between breast cancer tissue and paracancerous breast tissue (P＜0.05). Significant negative correlation existed between the expression of BRCA1 protein and expression of hTERT mRNA （r=-0.995, P＜0.01）. ConclusionThe expression of hTERT mRNA is upregulated in breast cancer, and expression of BRCA1 protein is downregulated in breast cancer. BRCA1 protein expression may be associated with expression of hTERT mRNA in breast cancer, which may be involved in the carcinogenesis of breast cancer.
ObjectiveThrough Sequenom iPEX system analyzed the genetic susceptibility in patients with Medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) which screening hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated channel (HCN) subunit HCN1 and HCN2 single nucleotide polymorphism blood samples. MethodsPatients with epilepsy who were diagnosed MTLE in our epileptic clinic from December 2013 to April 2016 were included in this study, total 143 cases. Healthy volunteers who received annual physical checkups were recruited to serve as controls total 120 cases. The group enter criterion according to a 2004 ILAE report mainly:①12~55 years old; ②attack forms:partial onset seizures or secondary tonic-closure-clonus attack, a common onset symptoms such as stomach gas rise feeling, sense of deja vu, automatism etc.; ③with or without febrile convulsions history; ④EEG displayed unilateral or bilateral temporal spike, sharp slow wave, or their spines slow-wave sample such as epilepsy wave; ⑤head MRI displayed hippocampal sclerosis. Exclusion criteria:①tumors; ②head MRI display focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Using sequenom iPLEX technology platform to detect all the object of study of gene polymorphism sites total ten sites. All statistical tests were conducted using SPSS version 16.0. Resultsall sites fulfilled Hardy-Weinberg genetic balance. The results showed that HCN1 rs17344896 C/T, rs6451973 A/G and HCN2 rs12977194 A/G three polypeptide sites associated with MTLE, with statistical differences(P < 0.05). ConclusionHCN1 and HCN2 genetic suscepibility is one of possible mechanism of MTLE.
Magnetic induction method aims at the noninvasive detection of liver iron overload by measuring the hepatic magnetic susceptibility. To solve the difficulty that eddy current effects interfere with the measurement of magnetic susceptibility, we proposed an improved coil system based on the static field magnetization principle in this study. We used a direct current excitation to eliminate the eddy current effect, and a rotary receiver coil to get the induced voltage. The magnetic field for a cylindrical object due to the magnetization effect was calculated and the relative change of maximum induced voltage was derived. The correlation between magnetic susceptibility of object and maximum magnetic flux, maximum induced voltage and relative change of maximum induced voltage of the receiver coil were obtained by simulation experiments, and the results were compared with those of the theory calculation. The contrast shows that the simulation results fit the theory results well, which proves our method can eliminate the eddy current effect effectively.
More and more medical devices can capture different features of human body and form three dimensional (3D) images. In clinical applications, usually it is required to fuse multiple source images containing different and crucial information into one for the purpose of assisting medical treatment. However, traditional image fusion methods are normally designed for two dimensional (2D) images and will lead to loss of the third dimensional information if directly applied to 3D data. Therefore, a novel 3D magnetic image fusion method was proposed based on the combination of newly invented beyond wavelet transform, called 3D band limited shearlet transformand (BLST), and four groups of traditional fusion rules. The proposed method was then compared with the 2D and 3D wavelet and dual-tree complex wavelet transform fusion methods through 4 groups of human brain T2* and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) images. The experiments indicated that the performance of the method based on 3D transform was generally superior to the existing methods based on 2D transform. Taking advantage of direction representation, shearlet transform could effectively improve the performance of conventional fusion method based on 3D transform. It is well concluded, therefore, that the proposed method is the best among the methods based on 2D and 3D transforms.
Magnetic susceptibility is an intrinsic physical quantity which describes the relationship between material magnetization and applied external magnetic field. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technology which can quantify the buck magnetic susceptibility of tissue in vivo. It is particularly effective at elucidating anatomy with paramagnetic or diamagnetic components. QSM technology is a method for solving the ill-pose problem of un-conventional de-convolution of the measured tissue magnetic field with the unit magnetic dipole field to obtain the susceptibility source map. Many multi orientation scan based QSM and clinically acceptable single orientation QSM methods have been proposed to solve this ill-posed problem. In this paper, the QSM concept is introduced and the various QSM methods are systematically categorized and discussed. The aim of this paper is to summarize the current research progress of QSM, popularize the knowledge of QSM and promote the improvements and the rational application of QSM in clinical field.
Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution and drug resistance in ICU patients, provide reference for prevention of severe infection and empirical antibacterial treatment. Methods The patients admitted in ICU between January 2013 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The pathogenic data were collected including bacterial and fungal culture results, the flora distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria. Results A total of 2088 non-repeated strains were isolated, including 1403 (67.2%) strains of Gram-positive bacteria, 496 (23.8%) strains of Gram-negative bacteria, and 189 (9.0%) strains of fungus. There were 1324 (63.42%) strains isolated from sputum or other respiratory specimens, 487 (23.33%) strains from blood specimens, 277 (13.27%) strains from other specimens. The bacteria included Acinetobacter baumannii (17.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.9%), C. albicans (6.3%), E. coli (5.6%), E. cloacae (5.4%), Epidermis staphylococcus (5.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.7%). There were 15 strains of penicillium carbon resistant enterobacteriaceae bacteria (CRE) accounting for 2.3%, including 5 strains of Pneumonia klebsiella, 4 strains of E. cloacae. In 117 strains of E. coli, drug-resistant strains accounted for 86.4% including 85.5% of multiple drug-resistant strains (MDR) and 0.9% of extremely-drug resistant (XDR) strains. In 359 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, drug-resistant strains accounted for 75.2% including 72.1% of XDR strains and 3.1% of MDR strains. MDR strains accounted for 10.6% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Detection rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was 49.0% and 95.5%, respectively. There were 4 strains of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis. There were 131 (69.3%) strains of C. albicans, 23 (12.2%) strains of smooth candida. C. albicans was sensitive to amphotericin and 5-fluorine cytosine, and the resistance rate was less than 1% to other antifungle agents. The resistance rate of smooth ball candida was higher than C. albicans and nearly smooth candida, but still less than 15%. Conclusions The predominant pathogens in ICU was gram-negative bacteria. The top eight pathogenic bacteria were Acinetobacter baumanni, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, C. albicans, E. coli, E. cloacae, Epidermis staphylococcus and S. aureus. Sputum and blood are common specimens. CRE accounts for 2.3%. Drug-resistant strains are most common in E. coli mainly by MDR, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii mainly by XDR, and least in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. C. albicans is the most common fungus with low drug resitance.
ObjectiveTo detect the in vitro susceptibility of common clinical multidrug-resistant bacteria to tigecycline by disk diffusion (KB), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) test strip (MTS) and Vitek 2 Compact methods, in order to evaluate the accuracy of the three different susceptibility testing methods. MethodsA total of 140 multidrug-resistant isolates (excluding Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were collected retrospectively from West China Hospital between January 2014 and March 2015. The inhibitory zone diameters and MIC of tigecycline were determined by KB, Vitek 2 Compact system and MTS respectively. The results of Vitek 2 Compact system and KB method were compared with that of MTS. ResultsAmong the 140 multidrug-resistant isolates, 119 were Acinetobacter baumannii, and 21 were Enterobacteriaceae. According to the US Food and Drug Administration standards, the sensitivity rates of 119 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates to tigecycline were 88.2%, 85.7%, and 90.8% respectively for KB method, Vitek 2 Compact system and MTS, and those of 21 Enterobacteriaceae were 76.2%, 81.0%, and 81.0%, respectively. ConclusionsTigecycline displays effective in vitro antibacterial activity to clinical common multidrug-resistant bacteria (excluding Pseudomonas aeruginosa), but different susceptibility testing methods have shown different susceptibility rates. For Acinetobacter baumannii, KB method is superior to Vitek 2 Compact system, and for Enterobacteriaceae, Vitek 2 Compact system is superior to KB method.